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Geukes Foppen MH, Rohaan MW, Borgers JSW, Philips D, Vyth-Dreese F, Beijnen JH, Nuijen B, van den Berg JH, Haanen JBAG. Intradermal Naked DNA Vaccination by DNA Tattooing for Mounting Tumor-Specific Immunity in Stage IV Melanoma Patients: A Phase I Clinical Trial. Oncol Res Treat 2024; 47:351-359. [PMID: 38583422 PMCID: PMC11323828 DOI: 10.1159/000537896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Naked DNA vaccination could be a powerful and safe strategy to mount antigen-specific cellular immunity. We designed a phase I clinical trial to investigate the toxicity of naked DNA vaccines encoding CD8+ T-cell epitope from tumor-associated antigen MART-1 in patients with advanced melanoma. METHODS This dose escalating phase Ia clinical trial investigates the toxicity and immunological response upon naked DNA vaccines encoding a CD8+ T-cell epitope from the tumor-associated antigen MART-1, genetically linked to the gene encoding domain 1 of subunit-tetanus toxin fragment C in patients with advanced melanoma (inoperable stage IIIC-IV, AJCC 7th edition). The vaccine was administrated via intradermal application using a permanent make-up or tattoo device. Safety was monitored according to CTCAE v.3.0 and skin biopsies and blood samples were obtained for immunologic monitoring. RESULTS Nine pretreated, HLA-A*0201-positive patients with advanced melanoma expressing MART-1 and MHC class I, with a good performance status, and adequate organ function, were included. With a median follow-up of 5.9 months, DNA vaccination was safe, without treatment-related deaths. Common treatment-emergent adverse events of any grade were dermatologic reactions at the vaccination site (100%) and pain (56%). One patient experienced grade 4 toxicity, most likely related to tumor progression. One patient (11%) achieved stable disease, lasting 353 days. Immune analysis showed no increase in vaccine-induced T cell response in peripheral blood of 5 patients, but did show a MART-1 specific CD8+ T cell response at the tattoo administration site. The maximum dose administered was 2 mg due to lack of clinical activity. CONCLUSION We showed that the developed DNA vaccine, applied using a novel intradermal application strategy, can be administered safely. Further research with improved vaccine formats is required to show possible clinical benefit of DNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maartje W Rohaan
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Jessica S W Borgers
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daisy Philips
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Florry Vyth-Dreese
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Nuijen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H van den Berg
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John B A G Haanen
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lemos H, Mohamed E, Huang L, Chandler PR, Ou R, Pacholczyk R, Mellor AL. Stimulator of interferon genes agonists attenuate type I diabetes progression in NOD mice. Immunology 2019; 158:353-361. [PMID: 31557322 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reagents that activate the signaling adaptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING) suppress experimentally induced autoimmunity in murine models of multiple sclerosis and arthritis. In this study, we evaluated STING agonists as potential reagents to inhibit spontaneous autoimmune type I diabetes (T1D) onset in non-obese diabetic (NOD) female mice. Treatments with DNA nanoparticles (DNPs), which activate STING when cargo DNA is sensed, delayed T1D onset and reduced T1D incidence when administered before T1D onset. DNP treatment elevated indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) activity, which regulates T-cell immunity, in spleen, pancreatic lymph nodes and pancreas of NOD mice. Therapeutic responses to DNPs were partially reversed by inhibiting IDO and DNP treatment synergized with insulin therapy to further delay T1D onset and reduce T1D incidence. Treating pre-diabetic NOD mice with cyclic guanyl-adenyl dinucleotide (cGAMP) to activate STING directly delayed T1D onset and stimulated interferon-αβ (IFN-αβ), while treatment with cyclic diguanyl nucleotide (cdiGMP) did not delay T1D onset or induce IFN-αβ in NOD mice. DNA sequence analyses revealed that NOD mice possess a STING polymorphism that may explain differential responses to cGAMP and cdiGMP. In summary, STING agonists attenuate T1D progression and DNPs enhance therapeutic responses to insulin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Lemos
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Eslam Mohamed
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Phillip R Chandler
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rong Ou
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rafal Pacholczyk
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew L Mellor
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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Lipid gene nanocarriers for the treatment of skin diseases: Current state-of-the-art. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 137:95-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Heidari Z, Arora JS, Datta D, John VT, Kumar N, Bansal GP. Impact of the Charge Ratio on the In Vivo Immunogenicity of Lipoplexes. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1796-1804. [PMID: 28560696 PMCID: PMC10601992 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study investigated the immunogenic potential of different cationic liposome formulations with a DNA plasmid encoding Pfs25, a malaria transmission-blocking vaccine candidate. METHODS Pfs25 plasmid DNA was complexed with cationic liposomes to produce lipoplexes at different charge ratios of the cationic lipid head group to the nucleotide phosphate (N:P). The formation of lipoplexes was visualized by Cryogenic-TEM. Confocal microscopy of lipoplexes formed with GFP encoding plasmid DNA, and flow cytometry was used to determine their in vitro transfection capability. Two different lipoplex formulations using plasmid DNA encoding Pfs25 were evaluated for in vivo immunogenicity after intramuscular administration in Balb/c mice. Immune sera were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the cationic liposome-mediated DNA immunization with an N:P charge ratio of 1:3 (anionic lipoplexes) is more effective than the use of naked plasmid DNA alone. No antibody response was observed when lipoplexes with a higher N:P charge ratio of 10:3 (cationic lipoplexes) were used. Trehalose was added to some lipoplex formulations as a cryoprotectant and adjuvant, but it did not yield any further improvement of immunogenicity in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Pfs25 plasmid DNA delivered as lipoplexes at a charge ratio of 1:3 elicited strong immunogenicity in mice and may be improved further to match the immune responses of DNA vaccines administered by in vivo electroporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jaspreet S Arora
- Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Dibyadyuti Datta
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Vijay T John
- Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nirbhay Kumar
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Geetha P Bansal
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
- Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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Meleshko AN, Petrovskaya NA, Savelyeva N, Vashkevich KP, Doronina SN, Sachivko NV. Phase I clinical trial of idiotypic DNA vaccine administered as a complex with polyethylenimine to patients with B-cell lymphoma. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:1-6. [PMID: 28272989 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1285477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the design of a phase I, non-randomized, open-label study of idiotypic DNA vaccination in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (ISRCTN31090206). The study uses DNA fusion gene vaccination encoding patient-specific single chain variable fragment, or idiotype, linked to an immunostimulatory sequence. Two types of immunostimulatory sequence are being explored: potato virus X coat protein and human chemokine MIP3α. Linear polyethylenimine with low molecular weight (8 kDa) is used as a synthetic vehicle for vaccine delivery. Humoral and T-cellular immune responses to vaccination will be measured by ELISA and ELISPOT, respectively. The primary study endpoints are safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of DNA-PEI vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Meleshko
- a Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology , Minsk , Belarus
| | - N A Petrovskaya
- b N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus , Minsk , Belarus
| | - N Savelyeva
- c Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - K P Vashkevich
- a Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology , Minsk , Belarus
| | - S N Doronina
- a Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology , Minsk , Belarus
| | - N V Sachivko
- b N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus , Minsk , Belarus
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6
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Well-defined star polymers for co-delivery of plasmid DNA and imiquimod to dendritic cells. Acta Biomater 2017; 48:378-389. [PMID: 27989922 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Co-delivery of antigen-encoding plasmid DNA (pDNA) and immune-modulatory molecules has importance in advancing gene-based immunotherapy and vaccines. Here novel star polymer nanocarriers were synthesized for co-delivery of pDNA and imiquimod (IMQ), a poorly soluble small-molecule adjuvant, to dendritic cells. Computational modeling and experimental results revealed that the polymers formed either multimolecular or unimolecular core-shell-type micelles in water, depending on the nature of the outer hydrophilic shell. Micelles loaded with both IMQ and pDNA were able to release IMQ in response to intracellular pH of the endo-lysosome and transfect mouse dendritic cells (DC2.4 line) in vitro. Importantly, IMQ-loaded micelle/pDNA complexes displayed much enhanced transfection efficiency than IMQ-free complexes. These results demonstrate the feasibility of co-delivery of pDNA and IMQ to antigen-presenting cells by multifunctional polymer nanocarriers with potential use in gene-based vaccine approaches.
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Xu Q, Cui N, Ma X, Wang F, Li H, Shen Z, Zhao X. Evaluation of a chimeric multi-epitope-based DNA vaccine against subgroup J avian leukosis virus in chickens. Vaccine 2016; 34:3751-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Asayama S, Nohara A, Negishi Y, Kawakami H. Alkylimidazolium end-modified poly(ethylene glycol) to form the mono-ion complex with plasmid DNA for in vivo gene delivery. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:997-1001. [PMID: 24547884 DOI: 10.1021/bm401902j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we consider that the decrease in the transfection activity of polycations in vivo, compared with that in vitro, results from their polyion complex formation. Namely, owing to cross-linking between polycations and plasmid DNAs (pDNAs), the disadvantage of in vivo gene delivery mainly stems from the difficulty in controlling the properties of the resulting polyion complex at the nanoscale size. To avoid the cross-linking by polycations, we have establish the concept of "mono-ion complex" formation between pDNA and a monocationic biocompatible polymer. Here we have synthesized alkylimidazolium end-modified poly(ethylene glycol), that is, R-Im-PEG, and have tuned the electrostatic interaction between the resulting alkylimidazolium group and the phosphate group of pDNA by the length of the alkyl chain to achieve "mono-ion complex" formation with pDNA for in vivo gene delivery. Instead of a polyion complex, our original concept of the "mono-ion complex" consisting of the Bu-Im-PEG and pDNA is expected to offer unique tools to break through the barriers of in vivo gene delivery. As well as the field of gene delivery, this study is considered to have exploded the common sense that it is impossible to form not a polyion complex but a "mono-ion complex" under aqueous conditions for all fields of the modification of biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Asayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University , 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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9
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Temperature-responsive cationic block copolymers as nanocarriers for gene delivery. Int J Pharm 2013; 448:105-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Andries O, Filette MD, De Smedt SC, Demeester J, Poucke MV, Peelman L, Sanders NN. Innate immune response and programmed cell death following carrier-mediated delivery of unmodified mRNA to respiratory cells. J Control Release 2013; 167:157-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Norman JJ, Choi SO, Tong NT, Aiyar AR, Patel SR, Prausnitz MR, Allen MG. Hollow microneedles for intradermal injection fabricated by sacrificial micromolding and selective electrodeposition. Biomed Microdevices 2013; 15:203-10. [PMID: 23053452 PMCID: PMC3572334 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-012-9717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Limitations with standard intradermal injections have created a clinical need for an alternative, low-cost injection device. In this study, we designed a hollow metal microneedle for reliable intradermal injection and developed a high-throughput micromolding process to produce metal microneedles with complex geometries. To fabricate the microneedles, we laser-ablated a 70 μm × 70 μm square cavity near the tip of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) microneedles. The master structure was a template for multiple micromolded poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) replicas. Each replica was sputtered with a gold seed layer with minimal gold deposited in the cavity due to masking effects. In this way, nickel was electrodeposited selectively outside of the cavity, after which the polymer replica was dissolved to produce a hollow metal microneedle. Force-displacement tests showed the microneedles, with 12 μm thick electrodeposition, could penetrate skin with an insertion force 9 times less than their axial failure force. We injected fluid with the microneedles into pig skin in vitro and hairless guinea pig skin in vivo. The injections targeted 90 % of the material within the skin with minimal leakage onto the skin surface. We conclude that hollow microneedles made by this simple microfabrication method can achieve targeted intradermal injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Norman
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Seong-O Choi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Nhien T. Tong
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Avishek R. Aiyar
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Samirkumar R. Patel
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Mark R. Prausnitz
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Mark G. Allen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
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Palumbo RN, Zhong X, Panus D, Han W, Ji W, Wang C. Transgene expression and local tissue distribution of naked and polymer-condensed plasmid DNA after intradermal administration in mice. J Control Release 2012; 159:232-9. [PMID: 22300619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
DNA vaccination using cationic polymers as carriers has the potential to be a very powerful method of immunotherapy, but typical immune responses generated have been less than robust. To better understand the details of DNA vaccine delivery in vivo, we prepared polymer/DNA complexes using three structurally distinct cationic polymers and fluorescently labeled plasmid DNA and injected them intradermally into mice. We analyzed transgene expression (luciferase) and the local tissue distribution of the labeled plasmid at the injection site at various time points (from hours to days). Comparable numbers of luciferase expressing cells were observed in the skin of mice receiving naked plasmid or polyplexes one day after transfection. At day 4, however, the polyplexes appeared to result in more transfected skin cells than naked plasmid. Live animal imaging revealed that naked plasmid dispersed quickly in the skin of mice after injection and had a wider distribution than any of the three types of polyplexes. However, naked plasmid level dropped to below detection limit after 24h, whereas polyplexes persisted for up to 2 weeks. The PEGylated polyplexes had a significantly wider distribution in the tissue than the nonPEGylated polyplexes. PEGylated polyplexes also distributed more broadly among dermal fibroblasts and allowed greater interaction with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) (dendritic cells and macrophages) starting at around 24h post-injection. By day 4, co-localization of polyplexes with APCs was observed at the injection site regardless of polymer structure, whereas small amounts of polyplexes were found in the draining lymph nodes. These in vivo findings demonstrate the superior stability of PEGylated polyplexes in physiological milieu and provide important insight on how cationic polymers could be optimized for DNA vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Noelle Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 7-105 Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street S. E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Geusens B, Strobbe T, Bracke S, Dynoodt P, Sanders N, Gele MV, Lambert J. Lipid-mediated gene delivery to the skin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 43:199-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Carstens MG, Camps MGM, Henriksen-Lacey M, Franken K, Ottenhoff THM, Perrie Y, Bouwstra JA, Ossendorp F, Jiskoot W. Effect of vesicle size on tissue localization and immunogenicity of liposomal DNA vaccines. Vaccine 2011; 29:4761-70. [PMID: 21565240 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The formulation of plasmid DNA (pDNA) in cationic liposomes is a promising strategy to improve the potency of DNA vaccines. In this respect, physicochemical parameters such as liposome size may be important for their efficacy. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of vesicle size on the in vivo performance of liposomal pDNA vaccines after subcutaneous vaccination in mice. The tissue distribution of cationic liposomes of two sizes, 500 nm (PDI 0.6) and 140 nm (PDI 0.15), composed of egg PC, DOPE and DOTAP, with encapsulated OVA-encoding pDNA, was studied by using dual radiolabeled pDNA-liposomes. Their potency to elicit cellular and humoral immune responses was investigated upon application in a homologous and heterologous vaccination schedule with 3 week intervals. It was shown that encapsulation of pDNA into cationic lipsomes resulted in deposition at the site of injection, and strongest retention was observed at large vesicle size. The vaccination studies demonstrated a more robust induction of OVA-specific, functional CD8+ T-cells and higher antibody levels upon vaccination with small monodisperse pDNA-liposomes, as compared to large heterodisperse liposomes or naked pDNA. The introduction of a PEG-coating on the small cationic liposomes resulted in enhanced lymphatic drainage, but immune responses were not improved when compared to non-PEGylated liposomes. In conclusion, it was shown that the physicochemical properties of the liposomes are of crucial importance for their performance as pDNA vaccine carrier, and cationic charge and small size are favorable properties for subcutaneous DNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrra G Carstens
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Oosterhuis K, van den Berg JH, Schumacher TN, Haanen JBAG. DNA vaccines and intradermal vaccination by DNA tattooing. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2010; 351:221-50. [PMID: 21107792 DOI: 10.1007/82_2010_117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, DNA vaccination has been developed as a method for the induction of immune responses. However, in spite of high expectations based on their efficacy in preclinical models, immunogenicity of first generation DNA vaccines in clinical trials was shown to be poor, and no DNA vaccines have yet been licensed for human use. In recent years significant progress has been made in the development of second generation DNA vaccines and DNA vaccine delivery methods. Here we review the key characteristics of DNA vaccines as compared to other vaccine platforms, and recent insights into the prerequisites for induction of immune responses by DNA vaccines will be discussed. We illustrate the development of second generation DNA vaccines with the description of DNA tattooing as a novel DNA delivery method. This technique has shown great promise both in a small animal model and in non-human primates and is currently under clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Oosterhuis
- Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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