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Abstract
Purpose Current clinical measurements for tumor treatment efficiency rely often on changes in tumor volume measured as shrinkage by CT or MRI, which become apparent after multiple lines of treatment and pose a physical and psychological burden on the patient. Detection of therapy-induced cell death in the tumor can be a fast measure for treatment efficiency. However, there are no reliable clinical tools for detection of tumor necrosis. Previously, we studied the necrosis avidity of cyanine-based fluorescent dyes, which suffered long circulation times before tumor necrosis could be imaged due to low hydrophilicity. We now present the application of radiolabeled 800CW, a commercially available cyanine with high hydrophilicity, to image tumor necrosis in a mouse model. Procedures We conjugated 800CW to DOTA via a PEG linker, for labeling with single-photon emission-computed tomography isotope indium-111, yielding [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW. We then investigated specific [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW uptake by dead cells in vitro, using both fluorescence and radioactivity as detection modalities. Finally, we investigated [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW uptake into necrotic tumor regions of a 4T1 breast tumor model in mice. Results We successfully prepared a precursor and developed a reliable procedure for labeling 800CW with indium-111. We detected specific [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW uptake by dead cells, using both fluorescence and radioactivity. Albeit with a tumor uptake of only 0.37%ID/g at 6 h post injection, we were able to image tumor necrosis with a tumor to background ratio of 7:4. Fluorescence and radioactivity in cryosections from the dissected tumors were colocalized with tumor necrosis, confirmed by TUNEL staining. Conclusions [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW can be used to image tumor necrosis in vitro and in vivo. Further research will elucidate the application of [111In]In-DOTA-PEG4-800CW or other radiolabeled hydrophilic cyanines for the detection of necrosis caused by chemotherapy or other anti-cancer therapies. This can provide valuable prognostic information in treatment of solid tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11307-020-01511-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Li Y, Wang S, Jiang X, Wang X, Zhou X, Wan L, Zhao H, Zhou Z, Gao L, Huang G, Ni Y, He X. Preparation and validation of cyclodextrin-based excipients for radioiodinated hypericin applied in a targeted cancer radiotherapy. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120393. [PMID: 33639227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iodine-131 labeled hypericin (131I-Hyp) has been utilized as a necrosis-avid theragnostic tracer in a dual targeting pan-anticancer strategy called OncoCiDia. Widespread use of previously-tested solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is limited by safety concerns. To tackle this, the present study was designed to explore a clinically feasible excipient for the formulation of the hydrophobic 131I-Hyp for intravenous administration. METHOD Solubility of Hyp in serial solutions of already-approved hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was evaluated by UVspectrophotometry and 50% HP-β-CD was chosen for further experiments. Two novel HP-β-CD-based formulations of 131I-Hyp were compared with previous DMSO-based formulation, with regards to necrosis-targetability and biodistribution, by magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), gamma counting, autoradiography, fluorescence microscopy and histopathology. RESULTS Hyp solubility was enhanced with increasing HP-β-CD concentrations. The radiochemical purity of 131I-Hyp was higher than 90% in all formulations. The necrosis-targetability of 131I-Hyp in the novel formulations was confirmed in vivo by SPECT and in vitro by autoradiography, fluorescence microscopy and histopathology. The plasma clearance of radioactivity was faster in the novel formulations. CONCLUSION The novel 131I-Hyp formulations with HP-β-CD could be a suitable pharmaceutical excipient for 131I-Hyp for intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Shuncong Wang
- KU Leuven, Biomedical Group, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
| | - Xiao Jiang
- PET/CT Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- PET/CT Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Liangrong Wan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Zhaoli Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - LingJie Gao
- KU Leuven, Biomedical Group, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Yicheng Ni
- KU Leuven, Biomedical Group, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
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Zhang D, Jin Q, Ni Y, Zhang J. Discovery of necrosis avidity of rhein and its applications in necrosis imaging. J Drug Target 2020; 28:904-912. [PMID: 32314601 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1759079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis-avid agents possess exploitable theragnostic utilities including evaluation of tissue viability, monitoring of therapeutic efficacy as well as diagnosis and treatment of necrosis-related disorders. Rhein (4,5-dihydroxyl-2-carboxylic-9,10-dihydrodiketoanthracene), a naturally occurring monomeric anthraquinone compound extensively found in medicinal herbs, was recently demonstrated to have a newly discovered necrosis-avid trait and to show promising application in necrosis imaging. In this overview, we present the discovering process of rhein as a new necrosis-avid agent as well as its potential imaging applications in visualisation of myocardial necrosis and early evaluation of tumour response to therapy. Moreover, the molecular mechanism exploration of necrosis avidity behind rhein are also presented. The discovery of necrosis avidity with rhein and the development of rhein-based molecular probes may further expand the scope of necrosis-avid compounds and highlight the potential utility of necrosis-avid molecular probes in necrosis imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Theragnostic Laboratory, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Synthesis and Evaluation of Ga-68-Labeled Rhein for Early Assessment of Treatment-Induced Tumor Necrosis. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 22:515-525. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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5
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Zhang D, Gao M, Jin Q, Ni Y, Zhang J. Updated developments on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:455-468. [PMID: 31193829 PMCID: PMC6543088 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death plays important roles in living organisms and is a hallmark of numerous disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, sepsis and acute pancreatitis. Moreover, cell death also plays a pivotal role in the treatment of certain diseases, for example, cancer. Noninvasive visualization of cell death contributes to gained insight into diseases, development of individualized treatment plans, evaluation of treatment responses, and prediction of patient prognosis. On the other hand, cell death can also be targeted for the treatment of diseases. Although there are many ways for a cell to die, only apoptosis and necrosis have been extensively studied in terms of cell death related theranostics. This review mainly focuses on molecular imaging and therapeutic strategies directed against necrosis. Necrosis shares common morphological characteristics including the rupture of cell membrane integrity and release of cellular contents, which provide potential biomarkers for visualization of necrosis and necrosis targeted therapy. In the present review, we summarize the updated joint efforts to develop molecular imaging probes and therapeutic strategies targeting the biomarkers exposed by necrotic cells. Moreover, we also discuss the challenges in developing necrosis imaging probes and propose several biomarkers of necrosis that deserve to be explored in future imaging and therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jian Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
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Liu Q, Qian Y, Li P, Zhang S, Wang Z, Liu J, Sun X, Fulham M, Feng D, Chen Z, Song S, Lu W, Huang G. The combined therapeutic effects of 131iodine-labeled multifunctional copper sulfide-loaded microspheres in treating breast cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:371-380. [PMID: 29881676 PMCID: PMC5990345 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared to conventional cancer treatment, combination therapy based on well-designed nanoscale platforms may offer an opportunity to eliminate tumors and reduce recurrence and metastasis. In this study, we prepared multifunctional microspheres loading 131I-labeled hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles and paclitaxel (131I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX) for imaging and therapeutics of W256/B breast tumors in rats. 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging detected that the expansion of the tumor volume was delayed (P<0.05) following intra-tumoral (i.t.) injection with 131I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX plus near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. The immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the anti-tumor effect. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/photoacoustic imaging mediated by 131I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX demonstrated that microspheres were mainly distributed in the tumors with a relatively low distribution in other organs. Our results revealed that 131I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX offered combined photothermal, chemo- and radio-therapies, eliminating tumors at a relatively low dose, as well as allowing SPECT/CT and photoacoustic imaging monitoring of distribution of the injected agents non-invasively. The copper sulfide-loaded microspheres, 131I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX, can serve as a versatile theranostic agent in an orthotopic breast cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiufang Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- SJTU-USYD Joint Research Alliance for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yuyi Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Panli Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- SJTU-USYD Joint Research Alliance for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Sihang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zerong Wang
- Shanghai Gezhi Middle School, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Michael Fulham
- SJTU-USYD Joint Research Alliance for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2050, Australia
- Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technology Research Group, School of Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dagan Feng
- SJTU-USYD Joint Research Alliance for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technology Research Group, School of Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield QLD 4300, Australia
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- SJTU-USYD Joint Research Alliance for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, the University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, RI 02881, USA
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- SJTU-USYD Joint Research Alliance for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
- Institute of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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Rybczynska AA, Boersma HH, de Jong S, Gietema JA, Noordzij W, Dierckx RAJO, Elsinga PH, van Waarde A. Avenues to molecular imaging of dying cells: Focus on cancer. Med Res Rev 2018. [PMID: 29528513 PMCID: PMC6220832 DOI: 10.1002/med.21495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Successful treatment of cancer patients requires balancing of the dose, timing, and type of therapeutic regimen. Detection of increased cell death may serve as a predictor of the eventual therapeutic success. Imaging of cell death may thus lead to early identification of treatment responders and nonresponders, and to “patient‐tailored therapy.” Cell death in organs and tissues of the human body can be visualized, using positron emission tomography or single‐photon emission computed tomography, although unsolved problems remain concerning target selection, tracer pharmacokinetics, target‐to‐nontarget ratio, and spatial and temporal resolution of the scans. Phosphatidylserine exposure by dying cells has been the most extensively studied imaging target. However, visualization of this process with radiolabeled Annexin A5 has not become routine in the clinical setting. Classification of death modes is no longer based only on cell morphology but also on biochemistry, and apoptosis is no longer found to be the preponderant mechanism of cell death after antitumor therapy, as was earlier believed. These conceptual changes have affected radiochemical efforts. Novel probes targeting changes in membrane permeability, cytoplasmic pH, mitochondrial membrane potential, or caspase activation have recently been explored. In this review, we discuss molecular changes in tumors which can be targeted to visualize cell death and we propose promising biomarkers for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Rybczynska
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hendrikus H Boersma
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Steven de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jourik A Gietema
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Walter Noordzij
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philip H Elsinga
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Aren van Waarde
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Duan X, Yin Z, Jiang C, Jin Q, Zhang D, Sun Z, Ye W, Zhang J. Radioiodinated hypericin disulfonic acid sodium salts as a DNA-binding probe for early imaging of necrotic myocardium. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 117:151-159. [PMID: 28414189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Necrotic myocardium imaging can provide great indicators of salvaged myocardial areas for clinical guidances to patients with myocardial infarction (MI). One of the key challenges in necrotic myocardium imaging however, is lack of ideal necrotic imaging tracers for exactly and timely depicting the necrotic myocardium. 131I-hypericin (131I-Hyp) is a promising tracer in exact necrotic myocardium delineation. However, it can't clearly image necrotic myocardium until 9h post injection (p.i.) for the high background signals in blood and lung due to the strong lipophilicity. Herein, an optimized 131I-hypericin-2,5-disulfonic acid sodium salts (131I-Shyp) probe was synthesized for better pharmacokinetic and biodistribution properties to necrosis imaging. And the related mechanisms of necrotic avidity ability of 131I-Hyp and 131I-Shyp were also explored. In the results, 131I-Shyp still showed selectively high accumulation in both necrotic cells and tissues. Biodistribution data revealed the decreased uptake of 131I-Shyp in normal organs (lung, spleen and heart) and blood (as shown in pharmacokinetics studies). 131I-Shyp presented quicker and clearer imaging for necrotic myocardium at 4h p.i. compared with 131I-Hyp, suggesting that improved hydrophilicity of 131I-Shyp may be conducive to its better pharmacokinetic and biodistribution properties to imaging. Additionally, DNA competitive binding assays and blocking experiments indicated that E-DNA is the possible target of Shyp and Hyp for their necrosis avidity. 131I-Shyp may serve as a potential E-DNA targeted probe for necrotic myocardium imaging with molecular specificity for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Duan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Dongjian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ziping Sun
- Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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Li J, Zhang J, Yang S, Jiang C, Zhang D, Jin Q, Wang Q, Wang C, Ni Y, Yin Z, Song S. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Radioiodinated Hypericin Dicarboxylic Acid as a Necrosis Avid Agent in Rat Models of Induced Hepatic, Muscular, and Myocardial Necroses. Mol Pharm 2015; 13:232-40. [PMID: 26568406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to substantial morbidity and mortality around the world. Accurate assessment of myocardial viability is essential to assist therapies and improve patient outcomes. (131)I-hypericin dicarboxylic acid ((131)I-HDA) was synthesized and evaluated as a potential diagnostic agent for earlier assessment of myocardium viability compared to its preceding counterpart (131)I-hypericin ((131)I-Hyp) with strong hydrophobic property, long plasma half-life, and high uptake in mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). Herein, HDA was synthesized and characterized, and self-aggregation constant Kα was analyzed by spectrophotometry. Plasma half-life was determined in healthy rats by γ-counting. (131)I-HDA and (131)I-Hyp were prepared with iodogen as oxidant. In vitro necrosis avidity of (131)I-HDA and (131)I-Hyp was evaluated in necrotic cells induced by hyperthermia. Biodistribution was determined in rat models of induced necrosis using γ-counting, autoradiography, and histopathology. Earlier imaging of necrotic myocardium to assess myocardial viability was performed in rat models of reperfused myocardium infarction using single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT). As a result, the self-aggregation constant Kα of HDA was lower than that of Hyp (105602 vs 194644, p < 0.01). (131)I-HDA displayed a shorter blood half-life compared with (131)I-Hyp (9.21 vs 31.20 h, p < 0.01). The necrotic-viable ratio in cells was higher with (131)I-HDA relative to that with (131)I-Hyp (5.48 vs 4.63, p < 0.05). (131)I-HDA showed a higher necrotic-viable myocardium ratio (7.32 vs 3.20, p < 0.01), necrotic myocardium-blood ratio (3.34 vs 1.74, p < 0.05), and necrotic myocardium-lung ratio (3.09 vs 0.61, p < 0.01) compared with (131)I-Hyp. (131)I-HDA achieved imaging of necrotic myocardium at 6 h postinjection (p.i.) with SPECT/CT, earlier than what (131)I-Hyp did. Therefore, (131)I-HDA may serve as a promising necrosis-avid diagnostic agent for earlier imaging of necrotic myocardium compared with (131)I-Hyp. This may support further development of radiopharmaceuticals ((123)I and (99m)Tc) based on HDA for SPECT/CT of necrotic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindian Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shengwei Yang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - DongJian Zhang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wang
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Laboratories of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Theragnostic Laboratory, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhiqi Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
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Li Y, Liu X, Zhang D, Lou B, Peng F, Wang X, Shan X, Jiang C, Gao M, Sun Z, Ni Y, Huang D, Zhang J. Evaluation of a metalloporphyrin (THPPMnCl) for necrosis-affinity in rat models of necrosis. J Drug Target 2015; 23:926-35. [PMID: 25950601 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1036358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The combination of an (13I)I-labeled necrosis-targeting agent (NTA) with a vascular disrupting agent is a novel and potentially powerful technique for tumor necrosis treatment (TNT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate a NTA candidate, THPPMnCl, using (131)I isotope for tracing its biodistribution and necrosis affinity. (131)I-THPPMnCl was intravenously injected in rat models with liver, muscle, and tumor necrosis and myocardial infarction (MI), followed by investigations with macroscopic autoradiography, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) histochemical staining, fluorescence microscopy and H&E stained histology for up to 9 days. (131)I-THPPMnCl displayed a long-term affinity for all types of necrosis and accumulation in the mononuclear phagocytic system especially in the liver. Autoradiograms and TTC staining showed a good targetability of (131)I-THPPMnCl for MI. These findings indicate the potential of THPPMnCl for non-invasive imaging assessment of necrosis, such as in MI. However, (13I)I-THPPMnCl is unlikely suitable for TNT due to its long-term retention in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Dongjian Zhang
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Bin Lou
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Fei Peng
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Xin Shan
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Meng Gao
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Ziping Sun
- b Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Jinan , Shandong Province , P.R. China , and
| | - Yicheng Ni
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and.,c Department of Radiology , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Dejian Huang
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
| | - Jian Zhang
- a Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province , P.R. China and
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Li Y, Jiang C, Jiang X, Sun Z, Cona MM, Liu W, Zhang J, Ni Y. Biliary and duodenal drainage for reducing the radiotoxic risk of antineoplastic 131I-hypericin in rat models. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1764-73. [PMID: 25956680 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215584891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrosis targeting radiopharmaceutical (131)I-hypericin ((131)I-Hyp) has been studied for the therapy of solid malignancies. However, serious side effects may be caused by its unwanted radioactivity after being metabolized by the liver and excreted via bile in the digestive tract. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate two kinds of bile draining for reducing them. Thirty-eight normal rats were intravenously injected with (131)I-Hyp, 24 of which were subjected to the common bile duct (CBD) drainage for gamma counting of collected bile and tissues during 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, and 19-24 h (n = 6 each group), 12 of which were divided into two groups (n = 6 each group) for comparison of the drainage efficiency between CBD catheterization and duodenum intubation by collecting their bile at the first 4 h. Afterwards the 12 rats together with the last two rats which were not drained were scanned via single-photon emission computerized tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) to check the differences. The images showed that almost no intestinal radioactivity can be found in those 12 drained rats while discernible radioactivity in the two undrained rats. The results also indicated that the most of the radioactivity was excreted from the bile within the first 12 h, accounting to 92% within 24 h. The radioactive metabolites in the small and large intestines peaked at 12 h and 18 h, respectively. No differences were found in those two ways of drainages. Thus bile drainage is highly recommended for the patients who were treated by (131)I-Hyp if human being and rats have a similar excretion pattern. This strategy can be clinically achieved by using a nasobiliary or nasoduodenal drainage catheter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Cuihua Jiang
- Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- PET/CT center, the Sichuan Cancer Hospital, 610048 Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ziping Sun
- Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 250062 Jinan, P.R. China
| | | | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210009 Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yicheng Ni
- Lab of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 210028 Nanjing, P.R. China Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 250062 Jinan, P.R. China Department of Radiology, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang D, Huang D, Ji Y, Jiang C, Li Y, Gao M, Yao N, Liu X, Shao H, Jing S, Ni Y, Yin Z, Zhang J. Experimental evaluation of radioiodinated sennoside B as a necrosis-avid tracer agent. J Drug Target 2014; 23:180-90. [PMID: 25330022 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.971328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Necrosis-avid agents are a class of compounds that selectively accumulate in the necrotic tissues after systemic administration, which can be used for in vivo necrosis imaging and targeted therapies. In order to search for a necrosis-avid tracer agent with improved drugability, we labelled iodine-131 on sennoside B (SB) as a naturally occurring median dianthrone compound. The necrosis targetability and clearance properties of (131)I-SB were evaluated in model rats with liver and muscle necrosis. On SPECT/CT images, a "hot spot" in the infarcted liver lobe and necrotic muscle was persistently observed at 24 h and 72 h post-injection (p.i.). Gamma counting of the tissues of interest revealed a radioactivity ratio of necrotic to viable liver at 4.6 and 3.4 and of necrotic to viable muscle at 7.0 and 8.8 at 24 h and 72 h p.i., respectively. The good match of autoradiographs and fluoromicroscopic images with corresponding histochemical staining suggested preferential uptake of (131)I-SB in necrotic tissue. Pharmacokinetic study revealed that (131)I-SB has an elimination half-life of 8.6 h. This study indicates that (131)I-SB shows not only prominent necrosis avidity but also favourable pharmacokinetics, which may serve as a potential necrosis-avid diagnostic agent for assessment of tissue viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu Province , PR China
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Radiopharmaceutical study on Iodine-131-labelled hypericin in a canine model of hepatic RFA-induced coagulative necrosis. Radiol Med 2014; 120:213-21. [PMID: 25012473 DOI: 10.1007/s11547-014-0433-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypericin (HYP) has been found avid to necrosis in small animal studies. We sought to evaluate the tissue distribution of (131)I-HYP in a large animal model and to explore the theranostic utilities of (131)I-HYP after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). MATERIALS AND METHODS This animal experiment was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Twenty-five male dogs were enrolled and subjected to transabdominal hepatic RFA. (131)I-HYP was prepared by an electrophilic substitution method and intravenously administered at 0.5 mCi/kg. Systemic and regional distributions of (131)I-HYP were monitored dynamically by single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT-CT), gamma counting, autoradiography, and fluorescent and light microscopy at different time points up to 14 days. Experimental data were quantified and statistically analysed. RESULTS Most of the tissues and organs retained (131)I-HYP only transiently. (131)I-HYP was mainly metabolised in the liver and excreted into the bile. (131)I-HYP gradually accumulated in the RFA-induced necrosis with a peak concentration occurring within 2 days and lasting over 2 weeks as visualised by in vivo SPECT-CT and ex vivo autoradiography and fluorescent microscopy, and quantified by radioactivity and fluorescence measurements. Accumulation of (131)I-HYP was low in both the necrosis centre and normal liver tissue. CONCLUSION (131)I-HYP showed persistent high affinity to hepatic thermo-coagulative necrosis, but only a transient uptake by normal liver in dogs. Necrosis caused by RFA could be indicated by (131)I-HYP on nuclear imaging, which suggests a supplementary measure for tumour detection and therapy.
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Cona MM, Feng Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Verbruggen A, Oyen R, Ni Y. Sodium cholate, a solubilizing agent for the necrosis avid radioiodinated hypericin in rabbits with acute myocardial infarction. Drug Deliv 2014; 22:427-35. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.873838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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