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Duni A, Liakopoulos V, Roumeliotis S, Peschos D, Dounousi E. Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Evolution of Chronic Kidney Disease: Untangling Ariadne's Thread. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153711. [PMID: 31362427 PMCID: PMC6695865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplification of oxidative stress is present since the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), holding a key position in the pathogenesis of renal failure. Induction of renal pro-oxidant enzymes with excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and accumulation of dityrosine-containing protein products produced during oxidative stress (advanced oxidation protein products—AOPPs) have been directly linked to podocyte damage, proteinuria, and the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) as well as tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Vascular oxidative stress is considered to play a critical role in CKD progression, and ROS are potential mediators of the impaired myogenic responses of afferent renal arterioles in CKD and impaired renal autoregulation. Both oxidative stress and inflammation are CKD hallmarks. Oxidative stress promotes inflammation via formation of proinflammatory oxidized lipids or AOPPs, whereas activation of nuclear factor κB transcription factor in the pro-oxidant milieu promotes the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and recruitment of proinflammatory cells. Accumulating evidence implicates oxidative stress in various clinical models of CKD, including diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease as well as the cardiorenal syndrome. The scope of this review is to tackle the issue of oxidative stress in CKD in a holistic manner so as to provide a future framework for potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anila Duni
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Roumeliotis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelia Dounousi
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
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Sárközy M, Kovács ZZA, Kovács MG, Gáspár R, Szűcs G, Dux L. Mechanisms and Modulation of Oxidative/Nitrative Stress in Type 4 Cardio-Renal Syndrome and Renal Sarcopenia. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1648. [PMID: 30534079 PMCID: PMC6275322 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem and a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). CKD could amplify the progression of chronic heart failure leading to the development of type 4 cardio-renal syndrome (T4CRS). The severity and persistence of heart failure are strongly associated with mortality risk in T4CRS. CKD is also a catabolic state leading to renal sarcopenia which is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle strength and physical function. Renal sarcopenia also promotes the development of CVD and increases the mortality in CKD patients. In turn, heart failure developed in T4CRS could result in chronic muscle hypoperfusion and metabolic disturbances leading to or aggravating the renal sarcopenia. The interplay of multiple factors (e.g., comorbidities, over-activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system [RAAS], sympathetic nervous system [SNS], oxidative/nitrative stress, inflammation, etc.) may result in the progression of T4CRS and renal sarcopenia. Among these factors, oxidative/nitrative stress plays a crucial role in the complex pathomechanism and interrelationship between T4CRS and renal sarcopenia. In the heart and skeletal muscle, mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases, uncoupled nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and xanthine oxidase are major ROS sources producing superoxide anion (O2·−) and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). O2·− reacts with nitric oxide (NO) forming peroxynitrite (ONOO−) which is a highly reactive nitrogen species (RNS). High levels of ROS/RNS cause lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, interacts with both DNA repair enzymes and transcription factors, leads to the oxidation/nitration of key proteins involved in contractility, calcium handling, metabolism, antioxidant defense mechanisms, etc. It also activates the inflammatory response, stress signals inducing cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, or cell death via different mechanisms (e.g., apoptosis, necrosis) and dysregulates autophagy. Therefore, the thorough understanding of the mechanisms which lead to perturbations in oxidative/nitrative metabolism and its relationship with pro-inflammatory, hypertrophic, fibrotic, cell death and other pathways would help to develop strategies to counteract systemic and tissue oxidative/nitrative stress in T4CRS and renal sarcopenia. In this review, we also focus on the effects of some well-known and novel pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and physical exercise on cardiac and skeletal muscle oxidative/nitrative stress in T4CRS and renal sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márta Sárközy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Z A Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mónika G Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Gáspár
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Dux
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Bai Y, Zhang J, Xu J, Cui L, Zhang H, Zhang S. Alteration of Type I Collagen in the Radial Artery of Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease. Am J Med Sci 2015; 349:292-7. [DOI: 10.1097/maj.0000000000000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ali BH, Al-Husseni I, Beegam S, Al-Shukaili A, Nemmar A, Schierling S, Queisser N, Schupp N. Effect of gum arabic on oxidative stress and inflammation in adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55242. [PMID: 23383316 PMCID: PMC3562323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease in humans, and in chronic renal failure (CRF) in rats. The aim of this work was to study the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in adenine-induced CRF and the effect thereon of the purported nephroprotective agent gum arabic (GA). Rats were divided into four groups and treated for 4 weeks as follows: control, adenine in feed (0.75%, w/w), GA in drinking water (15%, w/v) and adenine+GA, as before. Urine, blood and kidneys were collected from the rats at the end of the treatment for analysis of conventional renal function tests (plasma creatinine and urea concentration). In addition, the concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and the oxidative stress markers glutathione and superoxide dismutase, renal apoptosis, superoxide formation and DNA double strand break frequency, detected by immunohistochemistry for γ-H2AX, were measured. Adenine significantly increased the concentrations of urea and creatinine in plasma, significantly decreased the creatinine clearance and induced significant increases in the concentration of the measured inflammatory mediators. Further, it caused oxidative stress and DNA damage. Treatment with GA significantly ameliorated these actions. The mechanism of the reported salutary effect of GA in adenine-induced CRF is associated with mitigation of the adenine-induced inflammation and generation of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badreldin H. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Isehaq Al-Husseni
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sumyia Beegam
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Shukaili
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Simone Schierling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nina Queisser
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Schupp
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Morena M, Patrier L, Jaussent I, Bargnoux AS, Dupuy AM, Badiou S, Leray-Moragues H, Klouche K, Canaud B, Cristol JP. Reduced glomerular filtration rate, inflammation and HDL cholesterol as main determinants of superoxide production in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:735-45. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.574291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Morena
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
- Institut de Recherche et de Formation en Dialyse, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
| | - Laure Patrier
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
- Service de Néphrologie-Hémodialyse et Soins Intensifs, CHRU, Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- INSERM, U1061, Montpellier, F-34093 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bargnoux
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
| | - Anne-Marie Dupuy
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | - Stéphanie Badiou
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
| | - Hélène Leray-Moragues
- Service de Néphrologie-Hémodialyse et Soins Intensifs, CHRU, Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | - Kada Klouche
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
- Service de Réanimation Métabolique, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | - Bernard Canaud
- Institut de Recherche et de Formation en Dialyse, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
- Service de Néphrologie-Hémodialyse et Soins Intensifs, CHRU, Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
| | - Jean-Paul Cristol
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHRU Montpellier, F-34000 France; Univ Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000 France
- UMR 204, Nutripass, F-34000 France
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