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Jang HS, Noh MR, Plumb T, Lee K, He JC, Ferrer FA, Padanilam BJ. Hepatic and proximal tubule angiotensinogen play distinct roles in kidney dysfunction, glomerular and tubular injury, and fibrosis progression. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F435-F446. [PMID: 35924445 PMCID: PMC9485008 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00029.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Components of the renin-angiotensin system, including angiotensinogen (AGT), are critical contributors to chronic kidney disease (CKD) development and progression. However, the specific role of tissue-derived AGTs in CKD has not been fully understood. To define the contribution of liver versus kidney AGT in the CKD development, we performed 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx), an established CKD model, in wild-type (WT), proximal tubule (PT)- or liver-specific AGT knockout (KO) mice. Nx significantly elevated intrarenal AGT expression and elevated blood pressure (BP) in WT mice. The increase of intrarenal AGT protein was completely blocked in liver-specific AGT KO mice with BP reduction, suggesting a crucial role for liver AGT in BP regulation during CKD. Nx-induced glomerular and kidney injury and dysfunction, as well as fibrosis, were all attenuated to a greater extent in liver-specific AGT KO mice compared with PT-specific AGT KO and WT mice. However, the suppression of interstitial fibrosis in PT- and liver-specific AGT KO mouse kidneys was comparable. Our findings demonstrate that liver AGT acts as a critical contributor in driving glomerular and tubular injury, renal dysfunction, and fibrosis progression, whereas the role of PT AGT was limited to interstitial fibrosis progression in chronic renal insufficiency. Our results provide new insights for the development of tissue-targeted renin-angiotensin system intervention in the treatment of CKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major unmet medical need with no effective treatment. Current findings demonstrate that hepatic and proximal tubule angiotensinogen have distinct roles in tubular and glomerular injury, fibrogenesis, and renal dysfunction during CKD development. As renin-angiotensin system components, including angiotensinogen, are important targets for treating CKD in the clinic, the results from our study may be applied to developing better tissue-targeted treatment strategies for CKD and other fibroproliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Troy Plumb
- Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - John Cijiang He
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Fernando A Ferrer
- Department of Urology, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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2
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Han YK, Kim JS, Lee GB, Lim JH, Park KM. Oxidative stress following acute kidney injury causes disruption of lung cell cilia and their release into the bronchoaveolar lavage fluid and lung injury, which are exacerbated by Idh2 deletion. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102077. [PMID: 34315110 PMCID: PMC8326422 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) induces distant organ injury, which is a serious concern in patients with AKI. Recent studies have demonstrated that distant organ injury is associated with oxidative stress of organ and damage of cilium, an axoneme-based cellular organelle. However, the role of oxidative stress and cilia damage in AKI-induced lung injury remains to be defined. Here, we investigated whether AKI-induced lung injury is associated with mitochondrial oxidative stress and cilia disruption in lung cells. AKI was induced in isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (Idh2, a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme)-deleted (Idh2−/−) and wild-type (Idh2+/+) mice by kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR). A group of mice were treated with Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondria-specific antioxidant. Kidney IR caused lung injuries, including alveolar septal thickening, alveolar damage, and neutrophil accumulation in the lung, and increased protein concentration and total cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In addition, kidney IR caused fragmentation of lung epithelial cell cilia and the release of fragments into BALF. Kidney IR also increased the production of superoxide, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial and nuclei DNA oxidation in lungs and decreased IDH2 expression. Lung oxidative stress and injury relied on the degree of kidney injury. Idh2 deletion exacerbated kidney IR-induced lung injuries. Treatment with Mito-TEMPO attenuated kidney IR-induced lung injuries, with greater attenuation in Idh2−/− than Idh2+/+ mice. Our data demonstrate that AKI induces the disruption of cilia and damages cells via oxidative stress in lung epithelial cells, which leads to the release of disrupted ciliary fragments into BALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kwon Han
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Su Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwan Beom Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hang Lim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ihwa Woman's University, 25 Magokdong-ro 2-gil, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
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3
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The dual reno- and neuro-protective effects of dimethyl fumarate against uremic encephalopathy in a renal ischemia/reperfusion model. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:969-983. [DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Kanno M, Nakayama M, Zhu WJ, Hayashi Y, Kazama JJ. Rosuvastatin pretreatment suppresses distant organ injury following unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion in hypertensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Nephrology (Carlton) 2018; 23:1046-1054. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kanno
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakayama
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Advanced and Integrated Renal Science (CAIRS); Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Wan-Jun Zhu
- Division of Clinical Research, Center for Advanced and Integrated Renal Science (CAIRS); Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine; Sendai Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
| | - Junichiro J Kazama
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension; Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine; Fukushima Japan
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Sun J, Wu Y, Long C, He P, Gu J, Yang L, Liang Y, Wang Y. Anthocyanins isolated from blueberry ameliorates CCl4 induced liver fibrosis by modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and stellate cell activation in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:491-499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kong MJ, Bak SH, Han KH, Kim JI, Park JW, Park KM. Fragmentation of kidney epithelial cell primary cilia occurs by cisplatin and these cilia fragments are excreted into the urine. Redox Biol 2018; 20:38-45. [PMID: 30292083 PMCID: PMC6172485 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium, which protrudes from the cell surface, is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Primary cilium length dynamically changes during the progression of diseases. However, its relevance in disease and the underlying mechanism are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of primary cilia in AKI induced by cisplatin, an effective anticancer drug, and the underlying mechanisms. In addition, we evaluated the usefulness of length alteration and deciliation of primary cilia into the urine for the diagnosis of AKI. Cisplatin induced shortening, elongation, and normalization of the primary cilia in kidney epithelial cells over time. During shortening, primary cilia fragments and ciliary proteins were excreted into the urine. During deciliation, cell proliferation and the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were not significantly changed. Shortening and deciliation of primary cilia were observed before significant increases in plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen concentration occurred. Pretreatment with Mito-Tempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, prevented cisplatin-induced primary cilium shortening and inhibited the increases in superoxide formation, lipid peroxidation, blood urea nitrogen, and tissue damage. In contrast, isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (Idh2) gene deletion, which results in defect of the NADPH-associated mitochondrial antioxidant system, exacerbated cisplatin-induced changes in mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that cisplatin induces deciliation into the urine and antioxidant treatment prevents this deciliation, renal dysfunction, and tissue damage after cisplatin injection. These results suggest that cisplatin-induced AKI is associated with primary cilia and urine primary cilia proteins might be a non-invasive biomarker of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kong
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hong Bak
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hwan Han
- Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 911-1 Mok-6-dong, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee In Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and MRC, College of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero 250-gil, Dalseogu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeen-Woo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy, Cardiovascular Research Institute and BK21 Plus, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Junggu, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
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Mahalakshmi A, Kurian GA. Evaluating the impact of diabetes and diabetic cardiomyopathy rat heart on the outcome of ischemia-reperfusion associated oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 118:35-43. [PMID: 29462717 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Earlier literature underlines that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathology of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), diabetes mellitus (DM), fibrosis and hypertrophy which could adversely affect the normal cardiac function. However, the contributory role of oxidative stress in I/R pathology of heart with pre-existing abnormalities or diseases like DM and DCM remains to be explored. I/R injury was induced in normal (normal diet), DM (normal diet + streptozotocin: multiple low dose of 30 mg/kg) and DCM (high fat diet (40% fat) + streptozotocin: multiple low dose of 30 mg/kg) rat hearts using Langendorff isolated heart perfusion apparatus. Cardiac physiological recovery after I/R was assessed by hemodynamic parameters like LVDP, and LVSP, whereas cardiac injury was measured by tissue infarct size, and apoptosis, LDH, and CK release in coronary effluent. The oxidative stress was evaluated in myocardial homogenate, mitochondrial subpopulation, and microsomes. Reperfusing the ischemic DCM heart significantly deteriorated cardiac physiological recovery and elevated the cardiac injury (infarct size: 60%), compared to the control. But in DM heart, physiological recovery was prominent in the initial phase of reperfusion but deteriorated towards the end of reperfusion, supported by less infarct size. In addition, elevated lipid peroxidation (70% in DCM-I/R vs Sham) and impaired antioxidant enzymes (% decline vs Sham: GSH - 56% (DM), 63% (DCM); Catalase - 58% (DM), 35% (DCM); GPx - 19% (DM), 27% (DCM) and GR - 28% (DCM)) was observed in myocardial tissue from both DM and DCM. Interestingly, upon reperfusion, only normal heart showed significant deterioration in the antioxidant defense system. Collectively these results demonstrated that I/R induced oxidative stress is minimal in DM and DCM rat heart, despite high infarct size and low cardiac performance. This may be due to the prior adaptive modification in the antioxidant system associated with disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mahalakshmi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.
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Wang S, Shi XL, Feng M, Wang X, Zhang ZH, Zhao X, Han B, Ma HC, Dai B, Ding YT. Puerarin protects against CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice: possible role of PARP-1 inhibition. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:238-45. [PMID: 27318789 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, which is the pathophysiologic process of the liver due to sustained wound healing in response to chronic liver injury, will eventually progress to cirrhosis. Puerarin, a bioactive isoflavone glucoside derived from the traditional Chinese medicine pueraria, has been reported to have many anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis properties. However, the detailed mechanisms are not well studied yet. This study aimed to investigate the effects of puerarin on liver function and fibrosis process in mice induced by CCl4. C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with 10% CCl4 in olive oil(2mL/kg) with or without puerarin co-administration (100 and 200mg/kg intraperitoneally once daily) for four consecutive weeks. As indicated by the ameliorative serum hepatic enzymes and the reduced histopathologic abnormalities, the data collected showed that puerarin can protect against CCl4-induced chronic liver injury. Moreover, CCl4-induced development of fibrosis, as evidenced by increasing expression of alpha smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), collagen-1, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) in liver, were suppressed by puerarin. Possible mechanisms related to these suppressive effects were realized by inhibition on NF-κB signaling pathway, reactive oxygen species(ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo. In addition, these protective inhibition mentioned above were driven by down-regulation of PARP-1 due to puerarin because puerarin can attenuate the PARP-1 expression in CCl4-damaged liver and PJ34, a kind of PARP-1 inhibitor, mimicked puerarin's protection. In conclusion, puerarin played a protective role in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis probably through inhibition of PARP-1 and subsequent attenuation of NF-κB, ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China; Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu-Cheng Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Tao Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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9
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Han SJ, Jang HS, Kim JI, Lipschutz JH, Park KM. Unilateral nephrectomy elongates primary cilia in the remaining kidney via reactive oxygen species. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22281. [PMID: 26923764 PMCID: PMC4770282 DOI: 10.1038/srep22281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The length of primary cilia is associated with normal cell and organ function. In the kidney, the change of functional cilia length/mass is associated with various diseases such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, polycystic kidney disease, and congenital solitary kidney. Here, we investigate whether renal mass reduction affects primary cilia length and function. To induce renal mass reduction, mice were subjected to unilateral nephrectomy (UNx). UNx increased kidney weight and superoxide formation in the remaining kidney. Primary cilia were elongated in proximal tubule cells, collecting duct cells and parietal cells of the remaining kidney. Mn(III) Tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (MnTMPyP), an antioxidant, reduced superoxide formation in UNx-mice and prevented the elongation of primary cilia. UNx increased the expression of phosphorylated ERK, p21, and exocyst complex members Sec8 and Sec10, in the remaining kidney, and these increases were prevented by MnTMPyP. In MDCK, a kidney tubular epithelial cell line, cells, low concentrations of H2O2 treatment elongated primary cilia. This H2O2-induced elongation of primary cilia was also prevented by MnTMPyP treatment. Taken together, these data demonstrate that kidney compensation, induced by a reduction of renal mass, results in primary cilia elongation, and this elongation is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Han
- Department of Anatomy and BK 21 Project, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Anatomy and BK 21 Project, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee In Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and MRC, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 705-717, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua H Lipschutz
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Medicine, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy and BK 21 Project, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
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Kim JI, Noh MR, Kim KY, Jang HS, Kim HY, Park KM. Methionine sulfoxide reductase A deficiency exacerbates progression of kidney fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. Free Radic Biol Med 2015. [PMID: 26210777 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA), which stereospecifically catalyzes the reduction of methionine-S-sulfoxide, is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger. Tissue fibrosis is a maladaptive repair process following injury, associated with oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the role of MsrA in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced kidney fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms by using MsrA gene-deleted mice (MsrA(-/-)). MsrA deletion increased collagen deposition in the interstitium and the expression of collagen III and α-smooth muscle actin in the UUO kidneys, indicating that MsrA deficiency exacerbated the progression of UUO-induced kidney fibrosis. UUO reduced the kidney expression of MsrA, MsrB1, and MsrB2, thereby decreasing MsrA and MsrB activity. UUO increased hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels and the ratio of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to total glutathione (GSH) in the kidneys. The UUO-induced elevations in the levels of these oxidative stress markers and leukocyte markers were much higher in the MsrA(-/-) than in the MsrA(+/+) kidneys, the latter suggesting that the exacerbated kidney fibrosis in MsrA(-/-) mice was associated with enhanced inflammatory responses. Collectively, our data suggest that MsrA plays a protective role in the progression of UUO-induced kidney fibrosis via suppression of fibrotic responses caused by oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee In Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and MRC, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 705-717, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 Plus Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 705-717, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 Plus Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 705-717, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy and BK21 Plus Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea.
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Granger DN, Kvietys PR. Reperfusion injury and reactive oxygen species: The evolution of a concept. Redox Biol 2015; 6:524-551. [PMID: 26484802 PMCID: PMC4625011 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 919] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury, the paradoxical tissue response that is manifested by blood flow-deprived and oxygen-starved organs following the restoration of blood flow and tissue oxygenation, has been a focus of basic and clinical research for over 4-decades. While a variety of molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) continues to receive much attention as a critical factor in the genesis of reperfusion injury. As a consequence, considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the dominant cellular and enzymatic sources of excess ROS production following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Of the potential ROS sources described to date, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase (Nox), mitochondria, and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase have gained a status as the most likely contributors to reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and represent priority targets for therapeutic intervention against reperfusion-induced organ dysfunction and tissue damage. Although all four enzymatic sources are present in most tissues and are likely to play some role in reperfusion injury, priority and emphasis has been given to specific ROS sources that are enriched in certain tissues, such as xanthine oxidase in the gastrointestinal tract and mitochondria in the metabolically active heart and brain. The possibility that multiple ROS sources contribute to reperfusion injury in most tissues is supported by evidence demonstrating that redox-signaling enables ROS produced by one enzymatic source (e.g., Nox) to activate and enhance ROS production by a second source (e.g., mitochondria). This review provides a synopsis of the evidence implicating ROS in reperfusion injury, the clinical implications of this phenomenon, and summarizes current understanding of the four most frequently invoked enzymatic sources of ROS production in post-ischemic tissue. Reperfusion injury is implicated in a variety of human diseases and disorders. Evidence implicating ROS in reperfusion injury continues to grow. Several enzymes are candidate sources of ROS in post-ischemic tissue. Inter-enzymatic ROS-dependent signaling enhances the oxidative stress caused by I/R. .
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neil Granger
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, United States.
| | - Peter R Kvietys
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Han SJ, Kim JI, Park JW, Park KM. Hydrogen sulfide accelerates the recovery of kidney tubules after renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015; 30:1497-1506. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Angiotensin II removes kidney resistance conferred by ischemic preconditioning. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:602149. [PMID: 25243156 PMCID: PMC4163347 DOI: 10.1155/2014/602149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) renders resistance to the kidney. Strong IPC triggers kidney fibrosis, which is involved in angiotensin II (AngII) and its type 1 receptor (AT1R) signaling. Here, we investigated the role of AngII/AT1R signal pathway in the resistance of IPC kidneys to subsequent I/R injury. IPC of kidneys was generated by 30 minutes of bilateral renal ischemia and 8 days of reperfusion. Sham-operation was performed to generate control (non-IPC) mice. To examine the roles of AngII and AT1R in IPC kidneys to subsequent I/R, IPC kidneys were subjected to either 30 minutes of bilateral kidney ischemia or sham-operation following treatment with AngII, losartan (AT1R blocker), or AngII plus losartan. IPC kidneys showed fibrotic changes, decreased AngII, and increased AT1R expression. I/R dramatically increased plasma creatinine concentrations in non-IPC mice, but not in IPC mice. AngII treatment in IPC mice resulted in enhanced morphological damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses, with functional impairment, whereas losartan treatment reversed these effects. However, AngII treatment in non-IPC mice did not change I/R-induced injury. AngII abolished the resistance of IPC kidneys to subsequent I/R via the enhancement of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, suggesting that the AngII/AT1R signaling pathway is associated with outcome in injury-experienced kidney.
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Hueper K, Gutberlet M, Rong S, Hartung D, Mengel M, Lu X, Haller H, Wacker F, Meier M, Gueler F. Acute Kidney Injury: Arterial Spin Labeling to Monitor Renal Perfusion Impairment in Mice—Comparison with Histopathologic Results and Renal Function. Radiology 2014; 270:117-24. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.13130367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Activation of ERK accelerates repair of renal tubular epithelial cells, whereas it inhibits progression of fibrosis following ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1998-2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Jung KJ, Jang HS, Kim JI, Han SJ, Park JW, Park KM. Involvement of hydrogen sulfide and homocysteine transsulfuration pathway in the progression of kidney fibrosis after ureteral obstruction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1989-97. [PMID: 23846016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) produced by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) in the transsulfuration pathway of homocysteine plays a number of pathophysiological roles. Hyperhomocysteinemia is involved in kidney fibrosis. However, the role of H2S in kidney fibrosis remains to be defined. Here, we investigated the role of H2S and its acting mechanism in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UO)-induced kidney fibrosis in mice. UO decreased expressions of CBS and CSE in the kidney with decrease of H2S concentration. Treatment with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS, a H2S producer) during UO reduced UO-induced oxidative stress with preservations of catalase, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression, and glutathione level. In addition, NaHS mitigated decreases of CBS and CSE expressions, and H2S concentration in the kidney. NaHS treatment attenuated UO-induced increases in levels of TGF-β1, activated Smad3, and activated NF-κB. This study provided the first evidence of involvement of the transsulfuration pathway and H2S in UO-induced kidney fibrosis, suggesting that H2S and its transsulfuration pathway may be a potential target for development of therapeutics for fibrosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong-Jin Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
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Kim JI, Kim J, Jang HS, Noh MR, Lipschutz JH, Park KM. Reduction of oxidative stress during recovery accelerates normalization of primary cilia length that is altered after ischemic injury in murine kidneys. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 304:F1283-94. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00427.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a microtubule-based nonmotile organelle that extends from the surface of cells, including renal tubular cells. Here, we investigated the alteration of primary cilium length during epithelial cell injury and repair, following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult, and the role of reactive oxygen species in this alteration. Thirty minutes of bilateral renal ischemia induced severe renal tubular cell damage and an increase of plasma creatinine (PCr) concentration. Between 8 and 16 days following the ischemia, the increased PCr returned to normal range, although without complete histological restoration. Compared with the primary cilium length in normal kidney tubule cells, the length was shortened 4 h and 1 day following ischemia, increased over normal 8 days after ischemia, and then returned to near normal 16 days following ischemia. In the urine of I/R-subjected mice, acetylated tubulin was detected. The cilium length of proliferating cells was shorter than that in nonproliferating cells. Mature cells had shorter cilia than differentiating cells. Treatment with Mn(III) tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin (MnTMPyP), an antioxidant, during the recovery of damaged kidneys accelerated normalization of cilia length concomitant with a decrease of oxidative stress and morphological recovery in the kidney. In the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, H2O2 treatment caused released ciliary fragment into medium, and MnTMPyP inhibited the deciliation. The ERK inhibitor U0126 inhibited elongation of cilia in normal and MDCK cells recovering from H2O2 stress. Taken together, our results suggest that primary cilia length reflects cell proliferation and the length of primary cilium is regulated, at least, in part, by reactive oxygen species through ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee In Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Jinu Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua H. Lipschutz
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kwon Moo Park
- Department of Anatomy, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; and
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