1
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Zhang L, He Y. Prohibitin inhibits high glucose‑induced apoptosis via maintaining mitochondrial function in human retinal capillary endothelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:427. [PMID: 35607379 PMCID: PMC9121207 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells play a critical role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Prohibitin (PHB), a significant regulator, maintains mitochondrial function and protects vascular endothelial cells against apoptosis. However, the mechanism underlying the protective effect of PHB on DR remains unclear. Since mitochondria are key regulators of vascular homeostasis, the present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of PHB on maintaining mitochondrial function in human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCECs). To evaluate the role of PHB in cell apoptosis, HRCECs, transfected with or without PHB overexpression plasmid or small interfering RNA clones targeting PHB, were cultured in the presence of 5.5 mmol/l normal glucose (NG) or 30 mmol/l high glucose (HG). Subsequently, the apoptosis rate of HRCECs was determined using flow cytometry. The results showed that PHB was upregulated in HRCECs, while PHB knockdown promoted the generation of reactive oxygen species from mitochondria via inhibition of the activation of complex I. Additionally, the apoptosis rate of HRCECs in the HG group was notably enhanced compared with that in the NG group. Interestingly, PHB overexpression attenuated the increase in HG-mediated HRCEC apoptosis. Furthermore, treatment with HG upregulated expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in vitro. The present study indicated that PHB could be a key modulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and could protect HRCECs against HG-induced apoptosis. Overall, the aforementioned findings provided experimental evidence supporting the potential protective effects of PHB on DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
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2
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Xie F, Mei Z, Wang X, Zhang T, Zhao Y, Wang S, Qian L. Loss of nuclear ARC contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13337. [PMID: 31257698 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial apoptosis are two major factors in heart failure. As a classical regulator of apoptosis, apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) has recently also been found to have a protective effect against hypertrophy. However, the mechanism underlying this effect is still not fully understood. METHODS In the present study, we established animal and cellular models to monitor the changes in total and nuclear ARC during cardiac hypertrophic processes. The preventive effects of nuclear ARC in cellular hypertrophy were verified by ARC regulation and nuclear export inhibition. To further explore the mechanism for nuclear ARC superficially, we analysed proteins that interact with ARC in the nucleus via Co-IP and mass spectrometry. RESULTS The expression of total ARC in hypertrophic myocardial tissue and H9C2 cells remained invariant, while the level of nuclear ARC decreased dramatically. By altering the content of ARC in H9C2 cells, we found that both nuclear ARC transfection and nuclear ARC export blockade attenuated norepinephrine or angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy, while ARC knockdown had an inverse effect. Co-IP data showed that ARC interacted with prohibitin (PHB) in the nucleus and might participate in maintaining the level of PHB in cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a novel mechanism for ARC in cardiac hypertrophy prevention and also indicate that the anti-hypertrophic roles of ARC are probably associated with its localization in nucleus, which imply the nuclear ARC as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Zhu‐Song Mei
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan P.R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Shi‐Da Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
| | - Ling‐Jia Qian
- Department of Military Cognitive and Stress Medicine, Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing P.R. China
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3
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Elderwish S, Audebrand A, Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. Discovery of 3,3'-pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindoles as cardioprotectant prohibitin ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 186:111859. [PMID: 31735574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The scaffold proteins prohibitins-1 and 2 (PHB1/2) play many important roles in coordinating many cell signaling pathways and represent emerging targets in cardiology and oncology. We previously reported that a family of natural products derivatives, flavaglines, binds to PHB1/2 to exert cardioprotectant and anti-cancer effects. However, flavaglines also target the initiation factor of translation eIF4A, which doesn't contribute to cardioprotection and may even induce some adverse effects. Herein, we report the development of a convenient and robust synthesis of the new PHB2 ligand 2'-phenylpyrrolidinyl-spirooxindole, and its analogues. We discovered that these compounds displays cardioprotective effect against doxorubicin mediated cardiotoxicity and uncovered the structural requirement for this activity. We identified in particular some analogues that are more cardioprotectant than flavaglines. Pull-down experiments demonstrated that these compounds bind not only to PHB2 but also PHB1. These novel PHB ligands may provide the basis for the development of new drugs candidates to protect the heart against the adverse effects of anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabria Elderwish
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cardio-oncology, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anaïs Audebrand
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cardio-oncology, CNRS, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Canan G Nebigil
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cardio-oncology, CNRS, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cardio-oncology, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France.
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Xu D, Zhao Y, Weng X, Lu Y, Li W, Tang K, Chen W, Liu Z, Qi X, Zheng J, Fassett J, Zhang Y, Xu Y. Novel role of mitochondrial GTPases 1 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 128:105-116. [PMID: 30707992 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While most mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nucleus and translated on cytosolic/endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes, proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA are translated on mitochondrial ribosomes. Mitochondrial GTPases 1 (MTG1) regulates mitochondrial ribosome assembly and translation, but its impact on cardiac adaptation to stress is unknown. Here, we found that MTG1 is dramatically elevated in hearts of dilated cardiomyopathy patients and in mice exposed to left ventricular pressure overload (AB). To examine the role of MTG1 in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, MTG1 loss/gain of function studies were performed in cultured cardiomyocytes and mice exposed to hypertrophic stress. MTG1 shRNA and adenoviral overexpression studies indicated that MTG1 expression attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in cultured cardiomyocytes, while MTG1 KO mice exhibited no observable cardiac phenotype under basal conditions. MTG1 deficiency significantly exacerbated AB-induced cardiac hypertrophy, expression of hypertrophic stress markers, fibrosis, and LV dysfunction in comparison to WT mice. Conversely, transgenic cardiac MTG1 expression attenuated AB-induced hypertrophy and LV dysfunction. Mechanistically, MTG1 preserved mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity during pressure overload, which further attenuated ROS generation. Moreover, we demonstrated that TAK1, P38 and JNK1/2 activity is downregulated in the MTG1 overexpression group. Importantly, dampening oxidative stress with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) lowered hypertrophy in MTG1 KO to WT levels. Collectively, our data indicate that MTG1 protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction by preserving mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress and downstream TAK1 stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, USA
| | - Xinrui Qi
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jialing Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - John Fassett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz 8020, Austria
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Signorile A, Sgaramella G, Bellomo F, De Rasmo D. Prohibitins: A Critical Role in Mitochondrial Functions and Implication in Diseases. Cells 2019; 8:cells8010071. [PMID: 30669391 PMCID: PMC6356732 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2) are proteins that are ubiquitously expressed, and are present in the nucleus, cytosol, and mitochondria. Depending on the cellular localization, PHB1 and PHB2 have distinctive functions, but more evidence suggests a critical role within mitochondria. In fact, PHB proteins are highly expressed in cells that heavily depend on mitochondrial function. In mitochondria, these two proteins assemble at the inner membrane to form a supra-macromolecular structure, which works as a scaffold for proteins and lipids regulating mitochondrial metabolism, including bioenergetics, biogenesis, and dynamics in order to determine the cell fate, death, or life. PHB alterations have been found in aging and cancer, as well as neurodegenerative, cardiac, and kidney diseases, in which significant mitochondrial impairments have been observed. The molecular mechanisms by which prohibitins regulate mitochondrial function and their role in pathology are reviewed and discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Signorile
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Sgaramella
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Viale F. De Blasio, 5, 70132 Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bellomo
- Laboratory of Nephrology, Department of Rare Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Viale di S. Paolo, 15, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenico De Rasmo
- Institute of Biomembrane, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy.
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6
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Valenzuela N, Soibam B, Li L, Wang J, Byers LA, Liu Y, Schwartz RJ, Stewart MD. HIRA deficiency in muscle fibers causes hypertrophy and susceptibility to oxidative stress. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2551-2563. [PMID: 28600325 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.200642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleosome assembly proceeds through DNA replication-coupled or replication-independent mechanisms. For skeletal myocytes, whose nuclei have permanently exited the cell cycle, replication-independent assembly is the only mode available for chromatin remodeling. For this reason, any nucleosome composition alterations accompanying transcriptional responses to physiological signals must occur through a DNA replication-independent pathway. HIRA is the histone chaperone primarily responsible for replication-independent incorporation of histone variant H3.3 across gene bodies and regulatory regions. Thus, HIRA would be expected to play an important role in epigenetically regulating myocyte gene expression. The objective of this study was to determine the consequence of eliminating HIRA from mouse skeletal myocytes. At 6 weeks of age, myofibers lacking HIRA showed no pathological abnormalities; however, genes involved in transcriptional regulation were downregulated. By 6 months of age, myofibers lacking HIRA exhibited hypertrophy, sarcolemmal perforation and oxidative damage. Genes involved in muscle growth and development were upregulated, but those associated with responses to cellular stresses were downregulated. These data suggest that elimination of HIRA produces a hypertrophic response in skeletal muscle and leaves myofibers susceptible to stress-induced degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Valenzuela
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Benjamin Soibam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering Technology, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX 77002, USA
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Robert J Schwartz
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.,Stem Cell Engineering Department, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M David Stewart
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA .,Stem Cell Engineering Department, Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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7
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Gu MM, Kong JR, Peng T, Xie CY, Yang KY, Liu Y, Wang WN. Molecular characterization and function of the Prohibitin2 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei responses to Vibrio alginolyticus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:177-188. [PMID: 27756688 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin2 (PHB2), a potential tumor suppressor protein, plays important roles in inhibition of cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain. To explore its potential roles in crustaceans' immune responses we have identified and characterized LvPHB2, a 891 bp gene encoding a 297 amino acids protein in the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Expression analyses showed that LvPHB2 is expressed in all examined tissues, and largely present in cytoplasm, correlating with its known anti-oxidation function in mitochondria. Luciferase reporter assays showed that over-expression of LvPHB2 could activate the p53 pathway, indicating that it might participate in apoptosis regulation. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that infection with Vibrio alginolyticus induces its up-regulation in hepatopancreas. Moreover, RNAi knock-down of LvPHB2 in vivo raises mortality rates of L. vannamei infected by V. alginolyticus, and affects expression of STAT3, Caspase3 and p53 genes. We found significantly higher reactive oxygen species production, DNA damage and apoptosis rates in LvPHB2-silenced shrimp challenged with V. alginolyticus than in controls injected with a Green Fluorescent Protein-silencing construct. Our results suggest that LvPHB2 plays a vital role in shrimp responses to V. alginolyticus infection through its participation in regulation of oxidants and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Chen-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Kai-Yuan Yang
- Guangdong Experimental School, Guangzhou 510375, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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8
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Prohibitin confers cytoprotection against ISO-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cells via attenuation of oxidative stress and modulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 425:155-168. [PMID: 27854077 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous hypertrophic stimuli, including β-adrenergic agonists such as isoproterenol (ISO), result in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration in the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) leading to oxidative stress. This process is well associated with phosphorylation of thymoma viral proto-oncogene Akt (Ser473) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (Gsk-3β) (Ser9), with resultant inactivation of Gsk-3β. In the present study, we found that the protective defensive role of prohibitin (PHB) against ISO-induced hypertrophic response in rat H9c2 cells is via attenuation of oxidative stress-dependent signaling pathways. The intracellular levels of mitochondrial membrane potential along with cellular ROS levels and mitochondrial superoxide generation were determined. In order to understand the regulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling pathway, we carried out immmunoblotting for key proteins of the pathway such as PTEN, PI3K, phosphorylated, and unphosphorylated forms of Akt, Gsk-3β, and immunofluorescence experiments of p-Gsk-3β. Enforced expression of PHB in ISO-treated H9c2 cells suppressed cellular ROS production with mitochondrial superoxide generation and enhanced the mitochondrial membrane potential resulting in suppression of oxidative stress which likely offered potent cellular protection, led to the availability of more healthy cells, and also, significant constitutive activation of Gsk-3β via inactivation of Akt was observed. Knockdown of PHB expression using PHB siRNA in control H9c2 cells reversed these effects. Overall, our results demonstrate that PHB confers cytoprotection against oxidative stress in ISO-induced hypertrophy and this process is associated with modulation of Akt/Gsk-3β signaling mechanisms as evident from our PHB overexpression and knockdown experiments.
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9
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Prohibitin overexpression improves myocardial function in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:66-80. [PMID: 26623724 PMCID: PMC4807983 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) is a highly conserved protein implicated in various cellular functions including proliferation, apoptosis, tumor suppression, transcription, and mitochondrial protein folding. However, its function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still unclear. In vivo, type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by using a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin. Overexpression of the PHB protein in the model rats was achieved by injecting lentivirus carrying PHB cDNA via the jugular vein. Characteristics of type 2 DCM were evaluated by metabolic tests, echocardiography and histopathology. Rats with DCM showed severe insulin resistance, left ventricular dysfunction, fibrosis and apoptosis. PHB overexpression ameliorated the disease. Cardiofibroblasts (CFs) and H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were used in vitro to investigate the mechanism of PHB in altered function. In CFs treated with HG, PHB overexpression decreased expression of collagen, matrix metalloproteinase activity, and proliferation. In H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, PHB overexpression inhibited apoptosis induced by HG. Furthermore, the increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was significantly decreased and the inhibited phosphorylation of Akt was restored in DCM. Therefore, PHB may be a new therapeutic target for human DCM.
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10
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Moncunill-Massaguer C, Saura-Esteller J, Pérez-Perarnau A, Palmeri CM, Núñez-Vázquez S, Cosialls AM, González-Gironès DM, Pomares H, Korwitz A, Preciado S, Albericio F, Lavilla R, Pons G, Langer T, Iglesias-Serret D, Gil J. A novel prohibitin-binding compound induces the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway through NOXA and BIM upregulation. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41750-65. [PMID: 26497683 PMCID: PMC4747186 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously described diaryl trifluorothiazoline compound 1a (hereafter referred to as fluorizoline) as a first-in-class small molecule that induces p53-independent apoptosis in a wide range of tumor cell lines. Fluorizoline directly binds to prohibitin 1 and 2 (PHBs), two proteins involved in the regulation of several cellular processes, including apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that fluorizoline-induced apoptosis is mediated by PHBs, as cells depleted of these proteins are highly resistant to fluorizoline treatment. In addition, BAX and BAK are necessary for fluorizoline-induced cytotoxic effects, thereby proving that apoptosis occurs through the intrinsic pathway. Expression analysis revealed that fluorizoline induced the upregulation of Noxa and Bim mRNA levels, which was not observed in PHB-depleted MEFs. Finally, Noxa−/−/Bim−/− MEFs and NOXA-downregulated HeLa cells were resistant to fluorizoline-induced apoptosis. All together, these findings show that fluorizoline requires PHBs to execute the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Moncunill-Massaguer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - José Saura-Esteller
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Alba Pérez-Perarnau
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Claudia Mariela Palmeri
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Sonia Núñez-Vázquez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Ana M Cosialls
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Diana M González-Gironès
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Helena Pomares
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Anne Korwitz
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sara Preciado
- Barcelona Science Park and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Barcelona Science Park and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Barcelona Science Park and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Pons
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Thomas Langer
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Iglesias-Serret
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Joan Gil
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
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Abstract
Human eukaryotic prohibitin (prohibitin-1 and prohibitin-2) is a membrane protein with different cellular localizations. It is involved in multiple cellular functions, including energy metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence. The subcellular localization of prohibitin may determine its functions. Membrane prohibitin regulate the cellular signaling of membrane transport, nuclear prohibitin control transcription activation and the cell cycle, and mitochondrial prohibitin complex stabilize the mitochondrial genome and modulate mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial biogenesis, and the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Moreover, prohibitin can translocates into the nucleus or the mitochondria under apoptotic signals and the subcellular shuttling of prohibitin is necessary for apoptosis process. Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that is important for the maintenance of normal physiological functions. Consequently, any alteration in the content, post-transcriptional modification (i.e. phosphorylation) or the nuclear or mitochondrial translocation of prohibitin may influence cell fate. Understanding the mechanisms of the expression and regulation of prohibitin may be useful for future research. This review provides an overview of the multifaceted and essential roles played by prohibitin in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Disease Research Institute, Second XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
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Braz GRF, Freitas CM, Nascimento L, Pedroza AA, da Silva AI, Lagranha C. Neonatal SSRI exposure improves mitochondrial function and antioxidant defense in rat heart. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 41:362-9. [PMID: 26939042 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein restriction during prenatal, postnatal, or in both periods has a close relationship with subsequent development of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Elevated brain levels of serotonin and its metabolites have been found in malnourished states. The aim in the present study was to investigate whether treatment with fluoxetine (Fx), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, mimics the detrimental effect of low-protein diet during the perinatal period on the male rat heart. Our hypothesis is that increased circulating serotonin as a result of pharmacologic treatment with Fx leads to cardiac dysfunction similar to that observed in protein-restricted rats. Male Wistar rat pups received daily subcutaneous injection of Fx or vehicle from postnatal day 1 to postnatal day 21. Male rats were euthanized at 60 days of age and the following parameters were evaluated in the cardiac tissue: mitochondrial respiratory capacity, respiratory control ratio, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. We found that Fx treatment increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity (123%) and membrane potential (212%) and decreased ROS production (55%). In addition we observed an increase in the antioxidant capacity (elevation in catalase activity (5-fold) and glutathione peroxidase (4.6-fold)). Taken together, our results suggest that Fx treatment in the developmental period positively affects the mitochondrial bioenergetics and antioxidant defense in the cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauber Ruda F Braz
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Centro Acadêmico de Vitoria (CAV)-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Cristiane M Freitas
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Centro Acadêmico de Vitoria (CAV)-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luciana Nascimento
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Centro Acadêmico de Vitoria (CAV)-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Anderson A Pedroza
- b Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry; CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Aline Isabel da Silva
- b Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry; CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,d Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Claudia Lagranha
- b Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry; CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,d Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Chen YQ, Zhao LY, Zhang WZ, Li T. Simvastatin reverses cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via the upregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog expression. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:797-803. [PMID: 26622396 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of simvastatin on the protein kinase B (PKB) signaling pathway and the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). The effects of simvastatin were analyzed by administering the drug orally to male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, while the control animals received an equal volume of saline. The systolic pressure (mmHg) of the rat tail artery was measured prior to the initiation of the experiment, and once a week until the end of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanized and the hearts were removed. The left ventricular and interventricular septum were weighed, after which the left ventricular mass/body mass ratio was calculated. In addition, cardiomyocytes isolated from Sprague Dawley rats were cultured with 15% fetal bovine serum to induce hypertrophy, following which the cells were treated with different doses of simvastatin. The in vitro effects were assessed by measuring the surface area of the cardiomyocytes, while the rate of protein synthesis was measured using a 3H-leucine incorporation assay and western blot analyses. Simvastatin was demonstrated to inhibit cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in the in vivo and in vitro experiments. Notably, simvastatin increased PTEN expression and inhibited PKB expression in the SHR model, as well as in the cardiomyocytes in culture. In addition, the use of PTEN antisense oligodeoxynucleotides was revealed to inhibit the effects of simvastatin on cardiomyocytes. Therefore, these results indicated that simvastatin was able to reverse cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro, possibly by increasing the expression of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Lian-You Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ze Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
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