1
|
Zhang H, Huang J, Alahdal M. Exosomes loaded with chondrogenic stimuli agents combined with 3D bioprinting hydrogel in the treatment of osteoarthritis and cartilage degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115715. [PMID: 37857246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging joint inflammatory disease that often leads to disability. Immunoregulatory Exosomes (Exos) have shown promise in OA and cartilage degeneration treatment. Engineering Exos to deliver therapeutic agents like Kartogenin (KGN) has displayed potential for restoring cartilage regeneration. However, challenges include the uneven distribution of Exos at the injury site and the release of Exos cargo out of chondrocytes. Hydrogel-loaded uMSC-Exo has demonstrated significant therapeutic effects in wound healing and tissue regeneration. Recently, a new version of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting of hydrogel significantly restored cartilage regeneration in OA joints. Combining immune regulatory Exos with 3D bioprinting hydrogel (3D-BPH-Exos) holds the potential for immunomodulating cartilage tissue and treatment of OA. It can reduce intracellular inflammasome formation and the release of inflammatory agents like IL-1β, TNF-α, and INF-γ, while also preventing chondrocyte apoptosis by restoring mitochondrial functions and enhancing chondrogenesis in synovial MSCs, osteoprogenitor cells, and osteoclasts. Loading Exos with chondrogenic stimuli agents in the 3D-BPH-Exos approach may offer a faster and safer strategy for cartilage repair while better inhibiting joint inflammation than high doses of anti-inflammatory drugs and cell-based therapies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of hydrogel bioprinting and exosome-based therapy in OA. It emphasizes the potential of 3D-BPH-Exos loaded with chondrogenic stimuli agents for OA treatment, serving as a basis for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen 518035, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianghong Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen 518035, China.
| | - Murad Alahdal
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Laboratory of Digital Orthopedic Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen 518035, China; Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, 600 5th St. South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Denzinger M, Schenk KBM, Krauß S, Held M, Daigeler A, Wolfertstetter PR, Knorr C, Illg C, Eisler W. Immune-modulating properties of blue light do not influence reepithelization in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2431-2437. [PMID: 35048232 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy is gaining more attention in the treatment of various diseases. Especially, blue light seems to be a promising approach for wound healing promotion due to its antimicrobial and immune-modulating properties. Despite this, there is only little research focusing on the immune-modulating properties of blue light and its possible effects on wound healing. Therefore, we investigated the effects of blue light irradiation on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the influence on reepithelization in vitro. PBMCs were irradiated with DermoDyne® (DermoDyne HealthCare, Berlin, Germany) and effects on cell viability, cytokine expression, and scratch wound closure were evaluated afterwards. Irradiated cells showed a higher Interleukin-γ concentration while irradiation reduced resazurin concentration in a time-dependent manner. No differences in reepithelization were detectable when keratinocytes were treated with the supernatant of these blue light irradiated PBMCs. Blue light-mediated ex vivo stimulation of PBMCs does not cause faster reepithelization in an in vitro setting. Further research is needed to investigate the wound healing effects of phototherapy with blue light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Denzinger
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at the Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Steinmetzstraße 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Katharina B M Schenk
- Department of Medicine, St. John of God Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Krauß
- Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive, Hand and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Center, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Held
- Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive, Hand and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Center, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Adrien Daigeler
- Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive, Hand and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Center, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patricia Reis Wolfertstetter
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at the Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Steinmetzstraße 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Knorr
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at the Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Steinmetzstraße 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claudius Illg
- Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive, Hand and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Center, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wiebke Eisler
- Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive, Hand and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Center, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hatefi S, Alizargar J, Le Roux F, Hatefi K, Etemadi Sh M, Davids H, Hsieh NC, Smith F, Abou-El-Hossein K. Review of physical stimulation techniques for assisting distraction osteogenesis in maxillofacial reconstruction applications. Med Eng Phys 2021; 91:28-38. [PMID: 34074463 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Distraction Osteogenesis (DO) is an emerging limb lengthening method for the reconstruction of the hard tissue and the surrounding soft tissue, in different human body zones. DO plays an important role in treating bone defects in Maxillofacial Reconstruction Applications (MRA) due to reduced side effects and better formed bone tissue compared to conventional reconstruction methods i.e. autologous bone graft, and alloplast implantation. Recently, varying techniques have been evaluated to enhance the characteristics of the newly formed tissues and process parameters. Promising results have been shown in assisting DO treatments while benefiting bone formation mechanisms by using physical stimulation techniques, including photonic, electromagnetic, electrical, and mechanical stimulation technique. Using assisted DO techniques has provided superior results in the outcome of the DO procedure compared to a standard DO procedure. However, DO methods, as well as assisting technologies applied during the DO procedure, are still emerging. Studies and experiments on developed solutions related to this field have been limited to animal and clinical trials. In this review paper, recent advances in physical stimulation techniques and their effects on the outcome of the DO treatment in MRA are surveyed. By studying the effects of using assisting techniques during the DO treatment, enabling an ideal assisted DO technique in MRA can be possible. Although mentioned techniques have shown constructive effects during the DO procedure, there is still a need for more research and investigation to be done to fully understand the effects of assisting techniques and advanced technologies for use in an ultimate DO procedure in MRA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrokh Hatefi
- Precision Engineering Laboratory, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| | - Javad Alizargar
- Research Center for Healthcare Industry Innovation, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Francis Le Roux
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| | - Katayoun Hatefi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Milad Etemadi Sh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hajierah Davids
- Department of Physiology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| | - Nan-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Farouk Smith
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| | - Khaled Abou-El-Hossein
- Precision Engineering Laboratory, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gurler G, Gursoy B. Investigation of effects of low level laser therapy in distraction osteogenesis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2018; 119:469-476. [PMID: 29885471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to investigate the histopathological effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) application in distraction osteogenesis (DO). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty adult female New Zealand white rabbits were included in the study. Under general anesthesia unilateral mandibular corpus osteotomy was performed. Custom made external distractors were placed to right mandibles of rabbits. After five days of latency period, distractors were activated once a day for 5 days with 1mm/day frequency. Animals in the study group were exposed to LLLT from six different points transcutanously after each distractor activation. Control group was not exposed to laser irradiation. Animals were sacrificed after 15 and 30 days of consolidation periods and mandibles were processed for histopathological investigation under light microscope. Bone healing was analyzed with a semi-quantitative 4 point scale. RESULTS Osteoblastic activity and vascularization were found higher in the study group than control group after 15 days consolidation. Chondroblastic activity of the control group was significantly higher than the study group in both 15 and 30 days of consolidation groups. Osteoblastic activity and trabecular bone formation were found significantly higher in the study group than the control group after 15 days consolidation. CONCLUSIONS The use of LLLT in activation period of distraction osteogenesis stimulates bone repair in the early stages of distraction osteogenesis by inducing intramembranous healing and less cartilage tissue formation in the bone callus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gurler
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ataturk Bulvari No 27, 34083 Unkapani-Fatih Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - B Gursoy
- University of Kyrenia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Kyrenia, Şehit Yahya Bakır Sokak, Karakum Kyrenia, TRNC.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guzzardella G, Torricelli P, Aldini NN, Giardino R. Laser Technology in Orthopedics: Preliminary Study on Low Power Laser Therapy to Improve the Bone-Biomaterial Interface. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139880102401207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Low Power Laser (LPL) seems to enhance the healing of bone defects and fractures. The effect of LPL In other orthopedic areas such as osteointegration of implanted prosthetic bone devices is still unclear. In the present study, 12 rabbits were used to evaluate whether Ga-AI-As (780 nm) LPL stimulation has positive effects on osteointegration. Hydroxyapatite (HA) cylindrical nails were drilled into both distal femurs of rabbits. From postoperative day 1 and for 5 consecutive days, the left femura of all rabbits were given LPL treatment (Laser Group-LG) with the following parameters: 300 Joule/cm2 1 Watt, 300 Hertz, pulsating emission, 10 minutes. The right femura were sham-treated (Control Group-CG). At 4 and 8 weeks after implantation, histologic and histomorphometric investigations evaluated bone-biomaterial-contact. Histomorphometry showed a higher degree of osteointegration at the HA-bone interface in the LG Group at 4 (p<0.0005) and 8 weeks (p<0.001). These preliminary positive results seem to support the hypothesis that LPL treatment can be considered a good tool to enhance the bone-implant interface in orthopedic surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G.A. Guzzardella
- Experimental Surgery Department, Research Institute Codivilla Putti, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna - Italy
| | - P. Torricelli
- Experimental Surgery Department, Research Institute Codivilla Putti, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna - Italy
| | - N Nicoli Aldini
- Experimental Surgery Department, Research Institute Codivilla Putti, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna - Italy
| | - R. Giardino
- Experimental Surgery Department, Research Institute Codivilla Putti, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna - Italy
- Chair of Surgical Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna - Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Blue light does not impair wound healing in vitro. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 160:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Miao T, Miller EJ, McKenzie C, Oldinski RA. Physically crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin interpenetrating polymer network theta-gels for cartilage regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:9242-9249. [PMID: 32262923 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00989h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Theta-gels are hydrogels that form during the solidification and phase separation of two dislike polymers, in which a low molecular weight polymer behaves as a porogen and is removed through dialysis. For this study, interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels were formed between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and gelatin using theta-gel fabrication techniques, i.e., in the presence of a porogen. The addition of gelatin to a PVA theta-gel, formed with a porogen, polyethylene glycol (PEG), created macro-porous hydrogels, and increased shear storage moduli and elastic moduli, compared to PVA-gelatin scaffold controls. A reduction in PVA crystallinity was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in hydrogels fabricated using a porogen, i.e., PVA-PEG-gelatin, compared to PVA, PVA-PEG, or PVA-gelatin hydrogels alone. Van Geison staining confirmed the retention of gelatin after dialysis. A range of hydrogel moduli was achieved by optimizing PVA concentration, molecular weight, and gelatin concentration. PVA-gelatin hydrogels maintained primary human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) viability. Soft (∼10 kPa) and stiff (∼100 kPa) PVA-gelatin hydrogels containing type II collagen significantly increased glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production compared to controls. PVA-gelatin hydrogels, formed using theta-gel techniques, warrant further investigation as articular cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Miao
- Bioengineering Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Macias DM, Coughlin MJ, Zang K, Stevens FR, Jastifer JR, Doty JF. Low-Level Laser Therapy at 635 nm for Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: A Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Study. J Foot Ankle Surg 2015; 54:768-72. [PMID: 25769363 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Plantar fasciitis affects nearly 1 million persons in the United States at any one time. Conservative therapies have been reported to successfully treat 90% of plantar fasciitis cases; however, for the remaining cases, only invasive therapeutic solutions remain. This investigation studied newly emerging technology, low-level laser therapy. From September 2011 to June 2013, 69 subjects were enrolled in a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study that evaluated the clinical utility of low-level laser therapy for the treatment of unilateral chronic fasciitis. The volunteer participants were treated twice a week for 3 weeks for a total of 6 treatments and were evaluated at 5 separate time points: before the procedure and at weeks 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8. The pain rating was recorded using a visual analog scale, with 0 representing "no pain" and 100 representing "worst pain." Additionally, Doppler ultrasonography was performed on the plantar fascia to measure the fascial thickness before and after treatment. Study participants also completed the Foot Function Index. At the final follow-up visit, the group participants demonstrated a mean improvement in heel pain with a visual analog scale score of 29.6 ± 24.9 compared with the placebo subjects, who reported a mean improvement of 5.4 ± 16.0, a statistically significant difference (p < .001). Although additional studies are warranted, these data have demonstrated that low-level laser therapy is a promising treatment of plantar fasciitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Macias
- Orthopaedic Surgeon, Saint Alphonsus Coughlin Clinic, Boise, ID.
| | | | - Kerry Zang
- Podiatrist, Arizona Institute of Foot Care Physicians, Mesa, AZ
| | | | | | - Jesse F Doty
- Orthopaedic Surgeon, University of Tennesse Erlanger, Chattanooga, TN
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kushibiki T, Tajiri T, Ninomiya Y, Awazu K. Chondrogenic mRNA expression in prechondrogenic cells after blue laser irradiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2010; 98:211-5. [PMID: 20163967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used as a method for biostimulation. Cartilage develops through the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes, and differentiated chondrocytes in articular cartilage maintain cartilage homeostasis by synthesizing cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. The aim of this study is to evaluate the enhancement of chondrocyte differentiation and the expression levels of chondrogenic mRNA in prechondrogenic ATDC5 cells after laser irradiation. For chondrogenic induction, ATDC5 cells were irradiated with a blue laser (405 nm, continuous wave) at 100 mW/cm(2) for 180 s following incubation in chondrogenic differentiation medium. Differentiation after laser irradiation was quantitatively evaluated by the measurement of total collagen contents and chondrogenesis-related mRNAs. The total amount of collagen and mRNA levels of aggrecan, collagen type II, SOX-9, and DEC-1 were increased relative to those of a non-laser irradiated group after 14 days of laser irradiation. On the other hand, Ap-2alpha mRNA, a negative transcription factor of chondrogenesis, was dramatically decreased after laser irradiation. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated after laser irradiation. These results, for the first time, provide functional evidence that mRNA expression relating to chondrogenesis is increased, and Ap-2alpha is decreased immediately after laser irradiation. As this technique could readily be applied in situ to control the differentiation of cells at an implanted site within the body, this approach may have therapeutic potential for the restoration of damaged or diseased tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kushibiki
- Frontier Research Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The use of low levels of visible or near infrared light for reducing pain, inflammation and edema, promoting healing of wounds, deeper tissues and nerves, and preventing cell death and tissue damage has been known for over forty years since the invention of lasers. Despite many reports of positive findings from experiments conducted in vitro, in animal models and in randomized controlled clinical trials, LLLT remains controversial in mainstream medicine. The biochemical mechanisms underlying the positive effects are incompletely understood, and the complexity of rationally choosing amongst a large number of illumination parameters such as wavelength, fluence, power density, pulse structure and treatment timing has led to the publication of a number of negative studies as well as many positive ones. A biphasic dose response has been frequently observed where low levels of light have a much better effect on stimulating and repairing tissues than higher levels of light. The so-called Arndt-Schulz curve is frequently used to describe this biphasic dose response. This review will cover the molecular and cellular mechanisms in LLLT, and describe some of our recent results in vitro and in vivo that provide scientific explanations for this biphasic dose response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Minatel DG, Frade MAC, França SC, Enwemeka CS. Phototherapy promotes healing of chronic diabetic leg ulcers that failed to respond to other therapies. Lasers Surg Med 2009; 41:433-41. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
12
|
Guzzardella GA, Tigani D, Torricelli P, Fini M, Martini L, Morrone G, Giardino R. LOW-POWER DIODE LASER STIMULATION OF SURGICAL OSTEOCHONDRAL DEFECTS: RESULTS AFTER 24 WEEKS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 29:235-44. [PMID: 11358039 DOI: 10.1081/bio-100103047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate osteochondral lesions of the knee, treated intraoperatively with low-power laser stimulation, and assess results at 24 weeks. Surgery was performed under general anesthesia on six rabbits; a bilateral osteochondral lesion was created in the femoral medial condyles with a drill. All of the left lesions underwent immediate stimulation using the diode Ga-Al-As laser (780nm), whereas the right knees were left untreated as control group. After 24 weeks, the explants from the femoral condyles, either treated employing laser energy or left untreated, were examined histomorphometrically. Results obtained on the lased condyles showed good cell morphology and a regular aspect of the repaired osteocartilaginous tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G A Guzzardella
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
The effect of 904 nm low level laser on condylar growth in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:61-5. [PMID: 19238504 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A growth center of the mandible that contributes to its length and height is the mandibular condyle. Proliferation of prechondroblasts, followed by synthesis of the extracellular matrix and hypertrophy of the cartilage cells, governs the major part of condylar growth. The sample consisted of 54 male rats, weighing between 60 g and 80 g, divided randomly into three groups. Group I was the control group, group II was irradiated bilaterally, and group III was irradiated on the right side. Laser irradiation (lambda = 904 nm, 2000 Hz, pulse length 200 ns and output power 4 mW) was performed, and the procedure was repeated after a 50-day interval. Two months later, the rats were killed. In a single blind manner the lengths of denuded mandibles and the lengths of mandibles on soft tissue were measured. The growth of the mandibles in the unilaterally irradiated group (P < 0.001) and the bilaterally irradiated group (P < 0.05) was significantly more than that in the control group. There was no significant difference between right and left condylar growth in the bilaterally irradiated group (P = 0.3). Soft tissue analysis also verified these results (P < 0.001). Histomorphometric results also revealed a significant difference between laser-irradiated groups and the control group (P < 0.01). We concluded that particular laser irradiation with the chosen parameters can stimulate condylar growth and subsequently cause mandibular advancement. These findings might be clinically relevant, indicating that low level laser irradiation can be used for further improvement of mandibular retrognathism.
Collapse
|
14
|
Bayat M, Kamali F, Dadpay M. Effect of Low-Level Infrared Laser Therapy on Large Surgical Osteochondral Defect in Rabbit: A Histological Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2009; 27:25-30. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bayat
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, and Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University (M.C.), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Kamali
- Physiotherapy Department, Rehabilitation Faculty, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadpay
- Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Army University of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kamali F, Bayat M, Torkaman G, Ebrahimi E, Salavati M. The therapeutic effect of low-level laser on repair of osteochondral defects in rabbit knee. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2007; 88:11-5. [PMID: 17555980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Revised: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been shown to enhance collagen production and wound healing but its effect on cartilage repair from biomechanical point of view is not known yet. The aim of present study was to evaluate the biomechanical behaviour of repairing osteochondral defect in rabbits which received a pulsed low-level gallium-arsenide (Ga-As) laser irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteochondral defects with 5mm diameter and 4mm in depth induced by drilling in right femoral patellar grooves of 41 adolescent male rabbits. They were divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental group received pulsed Ga-As (890nm) laser irradiation with energy density of 4.8J/cm(2). The rabbits in control group received placebo LLLT with shut-down equipment. The control defects were allowed to heal spontaneously. Each group were divided into three subgroups: A, B and C. Subgroups A, B and C were sacrificed on 4, 8, and 16 weeks after surgery. The knee joint were removed, and the defects were examined biomechanically by in situ-indentation method. The thickness, instantaneous and equilibrium indentation stiffness was measured during the test. Data were analysed using ANOVA and independent sample t-test. RESULT While no difference was observed in the repaired cartilage biomechanical properties among 4th, 8th, 16th weeks in study groups. The equilibrium indentation stiffness of experimental group was significantly higher in 8th week in comparison with control group. CONCLUSION LLLT significantly enhances the stiffness of repairing tissue in the 8th week post injury in osteochondral defects in rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Kamali
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gan L, Tse C, Pilliar RM, Kandel RA. Low-power laser stimulation of tissue engineered cartilage tissue formed on a porous calcium polyphosphate scaffold. Lasers Surg Med 2007; 39:286-93. [PMID: 17252579 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Forming cartilage tissue in vitro that resembles native tissue is one of the challenges of cartilage tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to determine whether low-power laser stimulation would improve the formation of cartilage tissue in vitro. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Bovine articular chondrocytes were seeded on the top surface of porous calcium polyphosphate substrates. After 2 days, laser stimulation was applied daily at a wavelength of 650 nm using a laser diode with energy densities of either 1.75 or 3 J/cm(2) for 4 weeks. Proteoglycan and collagen synthesis and matrix content were determined. Cartilage tissue morphology was evaluated histologically. RESULTS Histologically, there was no difference in the appearance or cellularity of the tissues that formed in the presence or absence of laser stimulation at either dosage. There were no differences in DNA content between treated and untreated constructs and live-dead assay confirmed that this treatment was not toxic to the cells. Laser stimulation at 3 J/cm(2) enhanced matrix synthesis resulting in significantly more tissue formation than laser stimulation at 1.75 J/cm(2) or untreated cultures. CONCLUSION Short exposures to low-power laser stimulation using a laser diode with 3 J/cm(2) dose improves cartilage tissue formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- CIHR BioEngineering of Skeletal Tissues Team, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gottlieb T, Jörgensen B, Rohde E, Müller G, Scheller EE. The influence of irradiation with low-level diode laser on the proteoglycan content in arthrotically changed cartilage in rabbits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mla.2005.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
18
|
Rochkind S, Kogan G, Luger EG, Salame K, Karp E, Graif M, Weiss J. Molecular Structure of the Bony Tissue after Experimental Trauma to the Mandibular Region followed by Laser Therapy. Photomed Laser Surg 2004; 22:249-53. [PMID: 15315733 DOI: 10.1089/1549541041438579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the therapeutic efficiency of laser irradiation and Bio-Oss, both and separately, on the post-traumatic regeneration of bone tissue in rats using infrared spectroscopy as an informative and accurate measuring method. BACKGROUND DATA The therapeutic effect of low-power laser irradiation on bone tissue regeneration processes in animal models has been studied using morphogenic, biochemical, roentgenographic and electron microscopic measurements. Natural bone minerals, such as Bio-Oss collagen, were recommended for the reconstruction of bone defects in the alveolar process. MATERIALS AND METHODS 29 male Wistar rats, divided into four random groups in a blinded manner were operated on the right alveolar process. A bone defect was made by penetrating the right alveolar process of the mandible bone using a 3-mm drill. The rats were divided into four groups as follows: Group I, left side served as intact bone and right injured side as the control; Group II, right injured side was treated by organic bovine bone (Bio-Oss); Group III, right side bone defect was treated by HeNe laser (632.8 nm, 35 mW) applied transcutaneously for 20 min to the injured area daily for the following 14 consecutive days; and Group IV, Bio-Oss was placed loosely in the right side defect followed by laser treatment. After 2 weeks, the intact bone and bone replicas of the trauma area were removed and analyzed by infra-red spectroscopy technique. The composition and the structure of the bone tissue mineral substances were determined and compared among the four groups. For quantitative analysis of the regenerative bone process, the Mineralization index was used. An increase in this index indicates regenerative bone processes. RESULTS The normal state analysis of the IR spectra of the normal alveolar bone tissue within the intervals of 400 to 4000 cm(-1) revealed characteristic absorption bands for the inorganic bone component in spectrum regions 450-1480 cm(-1), and the organic component at 1540-3340 cm(-1). In the case of trauma, the intensity of absorption of the inorganic component was decreased by 54%, and the absorption band became narrow, which can be interpreted as quantitative changes of the bone tissue mineral content. The wavelength characteristics of the inorganic component remained unchanged; that is, the induced trauma under these experimental conditions did not provoke alterations in the structure of the phosphate framework. The organic component showed decreased absorption by 10-15%, compared to the normal bone, and slight displacement of the wavelength, which can be interpreted as changes occurring in the quality of the organic content of the bone tissue. In the Bio-Oss-treated group, the intensity of absorption of the inorganic component increased by 43%, compared to the control injured area; however, there was a decrease of 22.6% in the normal bone. The wavelength characteristics of the inorganic component remained unchanged. The organic component showed similar absorption results in the injured non-treated group and absorption was 10-15% less than in the normal bone. Mineralization Index in the Bio-Oss-treated group was 0.93, compared to 0.63 in the control group and 2.04 in the normal bone. In the laser-treated group, the intensity of absorption of the inorganic component increased by 62, compared to the control injured area, and decreased only 11.4% in the normal bone. The wavelength characteristics of the organic component remained unchanged; that is, the organic component was similar to that of normal bone. Mineralization Index in the laser-treated group increased significantly to 1.86, compared to 0.63 in the control group and 2.04 in the normal bone. In the combined laser and Bio-Oss-treated groups, the intensity of absorption of the inorganic component and organic component was similar to that of normal bone. Mineralization Index in this group increased significantly to 1.98, compared to 0.63 in the control group and 2.04 in the normal bone. CONCLUSION The results suggest that low-power laser irradiatults suggest that low-power laser irradiation alone and in combination with Bio-Oss enhances bone healing and increases bone repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Rochkind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guzzardella GA, Torricelli P, Nicoli-Aldini N, Giardino R. Osseointegration of endosseous ceramic implants after postoperative low-power laser stimulation: an in vivo comparative study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003; 14:226-32. [PMID: 12656884 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.00872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation with low-power laser (LPL) can enhance bone repair as reported in experimental studies on bone defects and fracture healing. Little data exist concerning the use of LPL postoperative stimulation to improve osseointegration of endosseous implants in orthopaedic and dental surgery. An in vivo model was used for the present study to evaluate whether Ga-Al-As (780 nm) LPL stimulation can improve biomaterial osseointegration. After drilling holes, cylindrical implants of hydroxyapatite (HA) were placed into both distal femurs of 12 rabbits. From postoperative day 1 and for 5 consecutive days, the left femurs of all rabbits were submitted to LPL treatment (LPL group) with the following parameters: 300 J/cm2, 1 W, 300 Hz, pulsating emission, 10 min. The right femurs were sham-treated (control group). Three and 6 weeks after implantation, histomorphometric and microhardness measurements were taken. A higher affinity index was observed at the HA-bone interface in the LPL group at 3 (P<0.0005) and 6 weeks (P<0.001); a significant difference in bone microhardness was seen in the LPL group vs. the control group (P<0.01). These results suggest that LPL postoperative treatment enhances the bone-implant interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano A Guzzardella
- Department of Experimental Surgery/Codivilla-Putti Research Institute, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Grigolo B, Roseti L, Fiorini M, Fini M, Giavaresi G, Aldini NN, Giardino R, Facchini A. Transplantation of chondrocytes seeded on a hyaluronan derivative (hyaff-11) into cartilage defects in rabbits. Biomaterials 2001; 22:2417-24. [PMID: 11511039 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Different methods have been used to improve chondrocyte transplantation for the repair of articular cartilage defects. Several groups of biomaterials have been proposed as support for in vitro cell growth and for in vivo implantation. Here. we describe a new approach investigating the healing of rabbit cartilage by means of autologous chondrocytes seeded on a hyaluronan derivative referred to as Hyaff-11. Full thickness defects were created bilaterally in the weight-bearing surface of the medial femoral condyle of both femora of New Zealand male rabbits. The wounds were then repaired using both chondrocytes seeded on the biomaterial and biomaterial alone. Controls were similarly treated but received either no treatment or implants of the delivery substance. Histologic samples from in and around the defect sites were examined 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery and were scored from 0 to 16. Statistically significant differences in the quality of the regenerated tissue were found between the grafts carried out with biomaterial carrying chondrocyte cells compared to the biomaterial alone or controls. This study demonstrates the efficacy of this hyaluronan-based scaffold for autologous chondrocytes transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Grigolo
- Laboratory di Immunologia e Genetica Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla-Putti, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barber A, Luger JE, Karpf A, Salame K, Shlomi B, Kogan G, Nissan M, Alon M, Rochkind S. ADVANCES IN LASER THERAPY FOR BONE REPAIR. Laser Ther 2000. [DOI: 10.5978/islsm.13.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|