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Liu J, Zhang Z, Moreno-Delgado D, Dalton JA, Rovira X, Trapero A, Goudet C, Llebaria A, Giraldo J, Yuan Q, Rondard P, Huang S, Liu J, Pin JP. Allosteric control of an asymmetric transduction in a G protein-coupled receptor heterodimer. eLife 2017; 6:26985. [PMID: 28829739 PMCID: PMC5582870 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
GPCRs play critical roles in cell communication. Although GPCRs can form heteromers, their role in signaling remains elusive. Here we used rat metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors as prototypical dimers to study the functional interaction between each subunit. mGluRs can form both constitutive homo- and heterodimers. Whereas both mGlu2 and mGlu4 couple to G proteins, G protein activation is mediated by mGlu4 heptahelical domain (HD) exclusively in mGlu2-4 heterodimers. Such asymmetric transduction results from the action of both the dimeric extracellular domain, and an allosteric activation by the partially-activated non-functional mGlu2 HD. G proteins activation by mGlu2 HD occurs if either the mGlu2 HD is occupied by a positive allosteric modulator or if mGlu4 HD is inhibited by a negative modulator. These data revealed an oriented asymmetry in mGlu heterodimers that can be controlled with allosteric modulators. They provide new insight on the allosteric interaction between subunits in a GPCR dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junke Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongyong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - David Moreno-Delgado
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - James Ar Dalton
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Trapero
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Giraldo
- Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Qilin Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Philippe Rondard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Siluo Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Farran B. An update on the physiological and therapeutic relevance of GPCR oligomers. Pharmacol Res 2017; 117:303-327. [PMID: 28087443 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The traditional view on GPCRs held that they function as single monomeric units composed of identical subunits. This notion was overturned by the discovery that GPCRs can form homo- and hetero-oligomers, some of which are obligatory, and can further assemble into receptor mosaics consisting of three or more protomers. Oligomerisation exerts significant impacts on receptor function and physiology, offering a platform for the diversification of receptor signalling, pharmacology, regulation, crosstalk, internalization and trafficking. Given their involvement in the modulation of crucial physiological processes, heteromers could constitute important therapeutic targets for a wide range of diseases, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, substance abuse or obesity. This review aims at depicting the current developments in GPCR oligomerisation research, documenting various class A, B and C GPCR heteromers detected in vitro and in vivo using biochemical and biophysical approaches, as well as recently identified higher-order oligomeric complexes. It explores the current understanding of dimerization dynamics and the possible interaction interfaces that drive oligomerisation. Most importantly, it provides an inventory of the wide range of physiological processes and pathophysiological conditions to which GPCR oligomers contribute, surveying some of the oligomers that constitute potential drug targets. Finally, it delineates the efforts to develop novel classes of ligands that specifically target and tether to receptor oligomers instead of a single monomeric entity, thus ameliorating their ability to modulate GPCR function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Farran
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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3
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Zandawala M, Haddad AS, Hamoudi Z, Orchard I. Identification and characterization of the adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide signaling system inRhodnius prolixus. FEBS J 2015; 282:3603-17. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meet Zandawala
- Department of Biology; University of Toronto Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
| | - Amir S. Haddad
- Department of Biology; University of Toronto Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
| | - Zina Hamoudi
- Department of Biology; University of Toronto Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
| | - Ian Orchard
- Department of Biology; University of Toronto Mississauga; Mississauga ON Canada
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Dix AV, Moss SM, Phan K, Hoppe T, Paoletta S, Kozma E, Gao ZG, Durell SR, Jacobson KA, Appella DH. Programmable nanoscaffolds that control ligand display to a G-protein-coupled receptor in membranes to allow dissection of multivalent effects. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:12296-303. [PMID: 25116377 PMCID: PMC4156868 DOI: 10.1021/ja504288s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
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A programmable
ligand display system can be used to dissect the
multivalent effects of ligand binding to a membrane receptor. An antagonist
of the A2A adenosine receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor
that is a drug target for neurodegenerative conditions, was displayed
in 35 different multivalent configurations, and binding to A2A was determined. A theoretical model based on statistical mechanics
was developed to interpret the binding data, suggesting the importance
of receptor dimers. Using this model, extended multivalent arrangements
of ligands were constructed with progressive improvements in binding
to A2A. The results highlight the ability to use a highly
controllable multivalent approach to determine optimal ligand valency
and spacing that can be subsequently optimized for binding to a membrane
receptor. Models explaining the multivalent binding data are also
presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew V Dix
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, ‡Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, NIDDK, and §Laboratory of Cell Biology, CCR, NCI, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Chapman NA, Dupré DJ, Rainey JK. The apelin receptor: physiology, pathology, cell signalling, and ligand modulation of a peptide-activated class A GPCR. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 92:431-40. [PMID: 25275559 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The apelin receptor (AR or APJ) is a class A (rhodopsin-like) G-protein-coupled receptor with wide distribution throughout the human body. Activation of the AR by its cognate peptide ligand, apelin, induces diverse physiological effects including vasoconstriction and dilation, strengthening of heart muscle contractility, angiogenesis, and regulation of energy metabolism and fluid homeostasis. Recently, another endogenous peptidic activator of the AR, Toddler/ELABELA, was identified as having a crucial role in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryonic development. The AR is also implicated in pathologies including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and cancer, making it a promising therapeutic target. Despite its established importance, the precise roles of AR signalling remain poorly understood. Moreover, little is known about the mechanisms of peptide-AR activation. Additional complexity arises from modulation of the AR by 2 endogenous peptide ligands, both with multiple bioactive isoforms of variable length and distribution. The various apelin and Toddler/ELABELA isoforms may also produce distinct cellular effects. Further complexity arises through formation of functionally distinct heterodimers between the AR and other G-protein-coupled receptors. This minireview outlines key (patho)physiological actions of the AR, addresses what is known about signal transduction downstream of AR activation, and concludes by discussing unique properties of the endogenous peptidic ligands of the AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel A Chapman
- a Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Functional significance of serotonin receptor dimerization. Exp Brain Res 2013; 230:375-86. [PMID: 23811735 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The original model of G-protein activation by a single G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is giving way to a new model, wherein two protomers of a GPCR dimer interact with a single G-protein. This article will review the evidence suggesting that 5-HT receptors form dimers/oligomers and will compare the findings with the results obtained from the studies with other biogenic amine receptors. Topics to be covered include the origin or biogenesis of dimer formation, potential dimer interface(s), and oligomer size (dimer vs. tetramer or higher order). The functional significance will be discussed in terms of G-protein activation following ligand binding to one or two protomers in a dimeric structure, the formation of heterodimers, and the development of bivalent ligands.
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