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Rodrigues-Braz D, Zhu L, Gélizé E, Clarin JP, Chatagnon X, Benzine Y, Rampignon P, Thouvenin A, Bourges JL, Behar-Cohen F, Zhao M. Spironolactone Eyedrop Favors Restoration of Corneal Integrity after Wound Healing in the Rat. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1446. [PMID: 37895917 PMCID: PMC10609951 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal corneal wound healing can compromise corneal transparency and lead to visual impairment. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) are promising candidates to promote corneal remodeling with anti-inflammatory properties and lack gluococorticoids-associated side effects. In this preclinical study, a new polymer-free hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin-based eyedrop containing 0.1% spironolactone (SPL), a potent but non-water-soluble MRA, was investigated for its ocular surface tolerance and efficacy in a rat model of corneal wound healing. SPL eyedrops were stable for up to 9 months at 4 °C. The formulation was well-tolerated since no morphological changes or inflammatory reactions were observed in the rat cornea after multiple daily instillations over 7 days. SPL eyedrops accelerated rat corneal wound healing, reduced corneal edema and inflammation, enhanced epithelial integrity, and improved nerve regeneration, suggesting restoration of corneal homeostasis, while potassium canrenoate, an active and soluble metabolite of SPL, had no effect. SPL eyedrops could benefit patients with impaired corneal wound healing, including that secondary to glucocorticoid therapy. Repurposing known drugs with known excipients will expedite translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rodrigues-Braz
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (D.R.-B.); (L.Z.); (E.G.); (J.-L.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Linxin Zhu
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (D.R.-B.); (L.Z.); (E.G.); (J.-L.B.); (M.Z.)
| | - Emmanuelle Gélizé
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (D.R.-B.); (L.Z.); (E.G.); (J.-L.B.); (M.Z.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Agathe Thouvenin
- CNRS, Inserm, UTCBS, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France;
- Département Recherche et Développement Pharmaceutique, Agence Générale des Equipements et Produits de Santé (AGEPS), AP-HP, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bourges
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (D.R.-B.); (L.Z.); (E.G.); (J.-L.B.); (M.Z.)
- Ophtalmopole, AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (D.R.-B.); (L.Z.); (E.G.); (J.-L.B.); (M.Z.)
- Ophtalmopole, AP-HP, Cochin Hospital, 75014 Paris, France
- Hôpital Foch, Service D’ophtalmologie, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Min Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France; (D.R.-B.); (L.Z.); (E.G.); (J.-L.B.); (M.Z.)
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Morphological alterations in corneal nerves of patients with dry eye and associated biomarkers. Exp Eye Res 2023; 230:109438. [PMID: 36933693 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The purposes of the present study were to (1) identify the relationship between dry eye symptoms and morphological changes in corneal subbasal nerves/ocular surfaces, and (2) discover tear film biomarkers indicating morphological changes in the subbasal nerves. This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted between October and November 2017. Adults with dry eye disease (DED, n = 43) and healthy eyes (n = 16) were evaluated based on their subjective symptoms and ophthalmological findings. Corneal subbasal nerves were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Nerve lengths, densities, branch numbers, and nerve fiber tortuosity were analyzed using ACCMetrics and CCMetrics image analysis systems; tear proteins were quantified by mass spectroscopy. Compared with the control group, the DED group had significantly lower tear breakup times (TBUT) and pain tolerance capacity, and significantly higher corneal nerve branch density (CNBD) and corneal nerve total branch density (CTBD). CNBD and CTBD showed significant negative correlations with TBUT. Six biomarkers (cystatin-S, immunoglobulin kappa constant, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, profilin-1, protein S100-A8, and protein S100-A9) showed significant positive correlations with CNBD and CTBD. The significantly higher CNBD and CTBD in the DED group suggests that DED is associated with morphological alterations in corneal nerves. The correlation of TBUT with CNBD and CTBD further supports this inference. Six candidate biomarkers that correlate with morphological changes were identified. Thus, morphological changes in corneal nerves are a hallmark of DED, and confocal microscopy may help in the diagnosis and treatment of dry eyes.
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhang Q. The progress of biomaterials in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. JOURNAL OF NEURORESTORATOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.26599/jnr.2020.9040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of the injured peripheral nerve (PN) is a challenging issue in clinics. Although the regeneration outcome of large PN defects is currently unsatisfactory, recently, the study of PN repair has considerably progressed. In particular, biomaterials for repairing PNs, such as nerve guidance conduits and nerve repair membranes, have been well developed. Herein, we summarize the anatomy of the PN, the pathophysiological features of the nerve injury, and the repair process post injury. Then, we highlight the progress in the development of natural and synthetic biomaterials and summarize the applications, advantages, and disadvantages of these materials. These materials can be used as nerve repair membranes and nerve conduits in the field of PN repair. Finally, we discuss the challenges encountered and development strategies for PN repair in the future.
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