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García-Gestal U, Talavera-Valverde MÁ, Souto-Gómez AI. Occupational Therapy in Psychiatric Short-Term Hospitalization Units: Scoping Review. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:1283-1307. [PMID: 38724830 PMCID: PMC11408577 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Given the context, the overarching aim is to identify scientific publications on occupational therapy in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units. Specific objectives include: (a) Analyzing the historical development of this research area; (b) Synthesizing existing evidence on the nature of documentary sources on occupational therapy in in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units; (c) Detailing the volume of scientific literature on occupational therapy in these units; (e) Evaluating available evidence on occupational therapy interventions to improve functionality, quality of life, and recovery in individuals admitted to in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units. A scoping review method was employed to conduct a historical mapping of research on in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units. The review proceeded in five stages following PRISMA guidelines. After applying selection criteria, the search identified 446 references. Findings are presented under three headings: (a) Historical trends in the scientific literature on occupational therapy and in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units; (b) Nature and volume of articles included in the occupational therapy synthesis in Psychiatric Short-Term Hospitalization Units; (c) Data extraction on methodological variables in the research of occupational therapy articles in in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units; and (d) Data extraction on research outcome variables of occupational therapy articles in Psychiatric Short-Term Hospitalization Units. The growth of occupational therapy in in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units is emphasized, with an increase in qualitative studies. Occupational therapy is underscored as an integral part of care, supporting the diversity and effectiveness of interventions. Common diagnoses include schizophrenia and depressive disorders. Group interventions and the spiritual dimension positively influence the quality of care and meaningful routines for recovery in in Psychiatric-Short-Term-Hospitalization-Units.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel-Ángel Talavera-Valverde
- PhD. Health Science Department, Faculty of Health Science, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
- Area Sanitaria Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain.
- Integra Saúde Research Unit, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Ana-Isabel Souto-Gómez
- Integra Saúde Research Unit, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
- Department of Social Work, Escola de Traballo Social, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
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Calatayud E, Oliván-Blázquez B, Sánchez Peña M, Aguilar-Latorre A, Tena-Bernal O. Cognitive and functional evolution in older adults with and without intellectual disability using a multicomponent intervention: A prospective longitudinal study. Exp Gerontol 2024; 185:112352. [PMID: 38128849 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global population is experiencing accelerated biopsychosocial aging. Cognitive impairment is frequently associated with functional impairment in basic and instrumental daily living activities. To maintain optimal cognitive and functional functioning, health professionals recommend that older adults participate in cognitive training. AIMS This study examines the cognitive and functional evolution of older adults with and without Intellectual Disability and the factors associated with favourable evolution following the intervention of a multicomponent programme based on the human occupational model and the person-centred care model. METHODS AND PROCEDURES 247 people participated. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed to examine baseline data. The Wilcoxon paired samples test was used to compare cognitive and functional evolution one year after the intervention. Linear regression was used to detect factors predicting favourable evolution. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Both populations improved cognitively. There was no change in basic activities of daily living. There was an improvement in instrumental activities of daily living in the group with Intellectual Disability. None of the variables collected was a predictor of greater improvement. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrated that older people with Intellectual Disability who have supports to cope with this life stage can improve their cognitive and functional abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Calatayud
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), building CIBA, Avda, San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Bárbara Oliván-Blázquez
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), building CIBA, Avda, San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Labour Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Sánchez Peña
- Aragonese Tutelary Association for Intellectual Disability (ATADES), Sonsoles Residential Centre Termine Miraflores, s / n, 50630 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alejandra Aguilar-Latorre
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), building CIBA, Avda, San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Human Sciences and Education of Huesca, University of Zaragoza, 22003 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Olga Tena-Bernal
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragonese Tutelary Association for Intellectual Disability (ATADES), Santo Ángel Occupational and Residential Centre, C / Ariza n°8, 50012 Zaragoza, Spain
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Walder K, Bissett M, Molineux M, Whiteford G. Understanding professional identity in occupational therapy: A scoping review. Scand J Occup Ther 2021; 29:175-197. [PMID: 34617493 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2021.1974548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A strong professional identity helps occupational therapists maintain professional values and thrive when facing work-related challenges and opportunities including generic, blurred or emerging roles, funding pressures and a push for outcome evidence. A scoping review will build understanding of professional identity and how to maintain it in such circumstances. OBJECTIVES To scope what is currently understood of professional identity in occupational therapy and factors which influence ability to maintain this and adapt in challenging work environments. METHODS Using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework three databases were searched using the terms 'occupational therap*' and 'professional identity'. Data extraction and thematic analysis highlighted the extent and nature of current literature and mapped key concepts. RESULTS 89 papers were included. Professional identity was revealed as a multidimensional construction. Four themes emerged: developing a shared ontology, embracing the culture, enacting occupational therapy, and believing in occupational therapy. Factors which influenced development and maintenance of professional identity included occupation-centred practice, ontological reflexivity, linking theory to practice and professional socialization. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE The enhanced understanding of professional identity and factors which preserve or enhance it can help the profession identify how to position itself to remain resilient and adaptive in an ever-changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Walder
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle Bissett
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew Molineux
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gail Whiteford
- Occupational Therapy, School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia
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Social Circus for People with Disabilities: A Video Analysis through the Lens of the MOHO. Occup Ther Int 2021; 2021:6628482. [PMID: 33776601 PMCID: PMC7969102 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6628482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social circus is a branch of circus that primarily focuses on personal and community development, rather than an elite level of professional artistry required of traditional circus. Social circus engages participants in circus activities such as juggling and acrobatics with therapeutic aims such as building confidence or developing life skills. While there is a growing body of literature around social circus, there is currently limited literature exploring the interface between social circus and occupational therapy theory. Objective This study is aimed at examining existing examples of social circus for people with disability (via YouTube videos) through the lens of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) to consider the link between social circus and contemporary occupational therapy practice. Methods The study utilised video analysis as the guiding methodology. A two-part qualitative thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of YouTube video audio and on-screen text, as well as visual analysis of the corresponding imagery. Results Social circus provides people with disabilities opportunities to actively participate and experience dignity of risk, independence, and autonomy, in a safe and inclusive environment amongst others. As a highly flexible activity (in structure, timing, tasks, outcomes, and environments), social circus accommodated differences in capacities and provided opportunity for the development of skills, both circus-specific and generalisable to everyday life. Social circus allowed people with disability to shape new identities as performers, friends, and members of a community. Conclusion Social circus offers a unique means for successfully attaining and achieving a wide range of occupational outcomes for people with and without disability across a diverse range of settings. Utilising an occupational therapy lens led to insights around the social circus environments, development of identity and transference of circus skills to everyday tasks and occupations, that were not previously acknowledged in the social circus literature. Our findings support social circus implementation and collaboration within contemporary occupational therapy practice.
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Krivoy A, Whiskey E, Webb-Wilson H, Joyce D, Tracy DK, Gaughran F, MacCabe JH, Shergill SS. Outcomes in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: symptoms, function and clozapine plasma concentrations. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2021; 11:20451253211037179. [PMID: 34676067 PMCID: PMC8524694 DOI: 10.1177/20451253211037179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clozapine is the only medication licenced for treating patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia. However, there are no evidence-based guidelines as to the optimal plasma level of clozapine to aim for, and their association with clinical and functional outcome. OBJECTIVE We assessed the relationship between clinical and functional outcome measures and blood concentrations of clozapine among patients with treatment-refractory psychosis. METHODS Data were reviewed in 82 patients with treatment-refractory psychosis admitted to a specialised tertiary-level service and treated with clozapine. Analysis focussed on the relationship between clozapine and norclozapine plasma concentrations and the patient's clinical symptoms and functional status. RESULTS Clinical symptom improvement was positively correlated with norclozapine plasma concentrations and inversely correlated with clozapine to norclozapine plasma concentrations ratio. Clozapine concentrations showed a bimodal association with clinical improvement (peaks around 350 and 660 ng/ml). Clinical symptom improvement correlated with functional outcomes, although there was no significant correlation between the latter and clozapine or norclozapine plasma concentrations. CONCLUSION Clozapine treatment was associated with optimal clinical improvement at two different peak plasma concentrations around 350 and 650 ng/ml. Clinical improvement was associated with functional outcome; however, functionality was not directly associated with clozapine concentrations. A subset of patients may require higher clozapine plasma concentrations to achieve clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Krivoy
- Geha Mental Health Center, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Eromona Whiskey
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Henrietta Webb-Wilson
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Dan Joyce
- National Institute of Health Research Oxford Health Biomedical Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Derek K Tracy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - James H MacCabe
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sukhwinder S Shergill
- National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Hitch D, Pepin G. Doing, being, becoming and belonging at the heart of occupational therapy: An analysis of theoretical ways of knowing. Scand J Occup Ther 2020; 28:13-25. [PMID: 32091297 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2020.1726454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Theoretical ways of knowing in occupational therapy include paradigms, conceptual practice models and related knowledge. Despite the diversity of models available to guide practice, there are few examples of analyses which compare and contrast their respective core concepts.Aims: The aims of this paper are to describe how the dimensions of occupation described in the Pan Occupational Paradigm pervade conceptual practice models, and are embedded within case reports of occupational therapy.Materials and Methods: A framework analysis was undertaken, using the dimensions of occupation - doing, being, becoming and belonging - as core concepts. The alignment of concepts from four widely utilised occupational therapy conceptual practice models with these dimensions were investigated and described. Four case reports developed in reference to these specific conceptual practice models were also analysed, and their expression of the core concepts and dimensions discussed.Results: The dimensions of occupation were embedded in all reviewed conceptual practice models and case reports. The dimensions are explained in discrete, relational and embedded forms, with each conceptual practice model adopting a specific terminology and structure to describe them.Conclusions and Significance: The presence of all four dimensions of occupation, regardless of form, terminology or structural arrangement, is proposed as a hallmark of an occupational therapy conceptual practice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Hitch
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Genevieve Pepin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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Dehghanizadeh M, Khalafbeigi M, Akbarfahimi M, Yazdani F, Zareiyan A. Exploring the contributing factors that influence the volition of adolescents with cerebral palsy: A directed content analysis. Scand J Occup Ther 2020; 28:553-563. [PMID: 32089013 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2020.1723686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communication, behavioural disturbances and low motivation influence the functional potential and the effectiveness of interventions in adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). While the model of human occupation (MOHO) is a conceptual model in occupational therapy, no research on the volition of adolescents with CP in daily activities has been undertaken. AIM To explore the elements contributing to the volition of adolescents with CP based on their own experience. METHODS A qualitative approach using directed content analysis with volition of MOHO as a framework was applied. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were carried out with five adolescents with CP and five parents of the same adolescents. RESULTS In this study primary codes were categorized into eight categories: family and community-related values, individual values, individual perceptions of ability level, sense of control over conditions, enjoying performing activities, enjoying interpersonal relationships, physical context features and social context features. CONCLUSIONS Personal causation in interaction with environmental features is strongly influenced by adolescents' motivation. SIGNIFICANCE Occupational therapists could improve the motivation of adolescents with CP in interaction with the individual's volition with focussing on self-efficacy for promoting personal causation. Adapting to the physical environment and changing the attitudes of others to these adolescents is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Dehghanizadeh
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Khalafbeigi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malahat Akbarfahimi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Yazdani
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fung XC, Cheung P. A review on the case studies of using the model of human occupation. SOCIAL HEALTH AND BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/shb.shb_49_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Reid HAJ, Hocking C, Smythe L. The unsustainability of occupational based model diagrams. Scand J Occup Ther 2019; 27:474-480. [DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2018.1544663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heleen A. J. Reid
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Clare Hocking
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Liz Smythe
- School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
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Abstract
Introduction Over 400 million people worldwide are living with diabetes. Research suggests that people struggle to manage their diabetes and an in-depth understanding of the lived experience of diabetes is required to inform and promote occupational therapy practice. This article reports on one part of a PhD study into the role of occupational therapy in diabetes self-management. Method Semi-structured interviews using an intuitive inquiry methodology were conducted with 22 people with diabetes in three separate studies. Analysis of the lived experience of all participants was drawn together to explore the understanding of diabetes self-management from an occupational perspective using the Model of Human Occupation. Findings The occupation of diabetes self-management was conceptualised with seven inter-related occupational forms. Challenges were related to occupational identity, volition, habituation, performance capacity and the context in which these took place. Conclusion This study, embedded in the experiences of those with diabetes, suggests that occupational therapy has a distinct role in diabetes self-management, through seeing this self-management as an occupation. The use of the Model of Human Occupation enables a focus on the characteristics of the occupational forms and how these might be adapted for successful occupational engagement.
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Sirkka M, Larsson-Lund M, Zingmark K. Occupational therapists' experiences of improvement work: a journey towards sustainable evidence-based practice. Scand J Occup Ther 2014; 21:90-7. [DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2013.872183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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