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Mesgarzadeh JS, Buxbaum JN, Wiseman RL. Stress-responsive regulation of extracellular proteostasis. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213026. [PMID: 35191945 PMCID: PMC8868021 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic, environmental, and aging-related insults can promote the misfolding and subsequent aggregation of secreted proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. This has led to considerable interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating proteostasis in extracellular environments such as the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Extracellular proteostasis is largely dictated by biological pathways comprising chaperones, folding enzymes, and degradation factors localized to the ER and extracellular space. These pathways limit the accumulation of nonnative, potentially aggregation-prone proteins in extracellular environments. Many reviews discuss the molecular mechanisms by which these pathways impact the conformational integrity of the secreted proteome. Here, we instead focus on describing the stress-responsive mechanisms responsible for adapting ER and extracellular proteostasis pathways to protect the secreted proteome from pathologic insults that challenge these environments. Further, we highlight new strategies to identify stress-responsive pathways involved in regulating extracellular proteostasis and describe the pathologic and therapeutic implications for these pathways in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel N Buxbaum
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA
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Trigo D, Nadais A, da Cruz e Silva OA. Unravelling protein aggregation as an ageing related process or a neuropathological response. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 51:67-77. [PMID: 30763619 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is normally associated with amyloidosis, namely motor neurone, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or prion diseases. However, recent results have unveiled a concept of gradual increase of protein aggregation associated with the ageing process, apparently not necessarily associated with pathological conditions. Given that protein aggregation is sufficient to activate stress-response and inflammation, impairing protein synthesis and quality control mechanisms, the former is assumed to negatively affect cellular metabolism and behaviour. In this review the state of the art in protein aggregation research is discussed, namely the relationship between pathology and proteostasis. The role of pathology and ageing in overriding protein quality-control mechanisms, and consequently, the effect of these faulty cellular processes on pathological and healthy ageing, are also addressed.
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Gregory JM, Whiten DR, Brown RA, Barros TP, Kumita JR, Yerbury JJ, Satapathy S, McDade K, Smith C, Luheshi LM, Dobson CM, Wilson MR. Clusterin protects neurons against intracellular proteotoxicity. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017; 5:81. [PMID: 29115989 PMCID: PMC5678579 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-017-0481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now widely accepted in the field that the normally secreted chaperone clusterin is redirected to the cytosol during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, although the physiological function(s) of this physical relocation remain unknown. We have examined in this study whether or not increased expression of clusterin is able to protect neuronal cells against intracellular protein aggregation and cytotoxicity, characteristics that are strongly implicated in a range of neurodegenerative diseases. We used the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated protein TDP-43 as a primary model to investigate the effects of clusterin on protein aggregation and neurotoxicity in complementary in vitro, neuronal cell and Drosophila systems. We have shown that clusterin directly interacts with TDP-43 in vitro and potently inhibits its aggregation, and observed that in ER stressed neuronal cells, clusterin co-localized with TDP-43 and specifically reduced the numbers of cytoplasmic inclusions. We further showed that the expression of TDP-43 in transgenic Drosophila neurons induced ER stress and that co-expression of clusterin resulted in a dramatic clearance of mislocalized TDP-43 from motor neuron axons, partially rescued locomotor activity and significantly extended lifespan. We also showed that in Drosophila photoreceptor cells, clusterin co-expression gave ER stress-dependent protection against proteotoxicity arising from both Huntingtin-Q128 and mutant (R406W) human tau. We therefore conclude that increased expression of clusterin can provide an important defense against intracellular proteotoxicity under conditions that mimic specific features of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Gregory
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, 49 Little France Crescent-Chancellor, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Daniel R Whiten
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Rebecca A Brown
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Teresa P Barros
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Janet R Kumita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Justin J Yerbury
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Sandeep Satapathy
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Karina McDade
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Chancellor's Building, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Leila M Luheshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Christopher M Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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Genereux JC, Wiseman RL. Regulating extracellular proteostasis capacity through the unfolded protein response. Prion 2016; 9:10-21. [PMID: 25946012 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2015.1011887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular aggregation of proteins into proteotoxic oligomers and amyloid fibrils is implicated in the onset and pathology of numerous diseases referred to as amyloid diseases. All of the proteins that aggregate extracellularly in association with amyloid disease pathogenesis originate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are secreted through the secretory pathway. Disruptions in ER protein homeostasis or proteostasis (i.e., ER stress) can facilitate the aberrant secretion of misfolded protein conformations to the extracellular space and exacerbate pathologic protein aggregation into proteotoxic species. Activation of an ER stress-responsive signaling pathway, the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), restores ER proteostasis through the transcriptional regulation of ER proteostasis pathways. In contrast, the functional role for the UPR in regulating extracellular proteostasis during ER stress is poorly defined. We recently identified ERdj3 as a UPR-regulated secreted chaperone that increases extracellular proteostasis capacity in response to ER stress, revealing a previously-unanticipated direct mechanism by which the UPR impacts extracellular proteostasis. Here, we discuss the functional implications of ERdj3 secretion on extracellular proteostasis maintenance and define the mechanisms by which ERdj3 secretion coordinates intra- and extracellular proteostasis environments during ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Genereux
- a Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine; Department of Chemical Physiology ; The Scripps Research Institute ; La Jolla , CA USA
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Brambilla F, Lavatelli F, Di Silvestre D, Valentini V, Palladini G, Merlini G, Mauri P. Shotgun Protein Profile of Human Adipose Tissue and Its Changes in Relation to Systemic Amyloidoses. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:5642-55. [DOI: 10.1021/pr400583h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Lavatelli
- Amyloid
Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Veronica Valentini
- Amyloid
Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Palladini
- Amyloid
Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Merlini
- Amyloid
Research and Treatment Center, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola
Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy
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