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Gonçalves CR, Vasconcellos AS, Rodrigues TR, Comin FV, Reis FM. Hormone therapy in women with premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2022; 44:1143-1157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Anagnostis P, Paschou SA, Katsiki N, Krikidis D, Lambrinoudaki I, Goulis DG. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Risk: Where are we Now? Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:564-572. [PMID: 29984659 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180709095348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transition to menopause is associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, mainly attributed to lipid and glucose metabolism dysregulation, as well as to body fat redistribution, leading to abdominal obesity. Indeed, epidemiological evidence suggests that both early menopause (EM, defined as age at menopause <45 years) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI, defined as age at menopause <40 years) are associated with 1.5-2-fold increase in CVD risk. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) exerts a favorable effect on CVD risk factors (with subtle differences regarding oestrogen dose, route of administration, monotherapy or combination with progestogen and type of progestogen). Concerning CVD morbidity and mortality, most studies have shown a beneficial effect of MHT in women at early menopausal age (<10 years since the final menstrual period) or younger than 60 years. MHT is strongly recommended in women with EM and POI, as these women, if left untreated, are at risk of CVD, osteoporosis, dementia, depression and premature death. MHT has also a favorable benefit/ risk profile in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women, provided that the patient is not at a high CVD risk (as assessed by 10-year calculation tools). Transdermal oestrogens have a lower risk of thrombosis compared with oral regimens. Concerning progestogens, natural progesterone and dydrogesterone have a neutral effect on CVD risk factors. In any case, the decision for MHT should be individualized, tailored according to the symptoms, patient preference and the risk of CVD, thrombotic episodes and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Anagnostis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, "Aghia Sophia" Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Niki Katsiki
- 2nd Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, "Hippokration General Hospital", Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Krikidis
- 2nd Cardiology Department, "Hippokration General Hospital", Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irene Lambrinoudaki
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Menopause is associated with an increased risk for MetS. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to better understand the relationship between MetS and menopause. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for all the associated articles on (1) MetS components in postmenopausal women vs. premenopausal women, (2) comparison of MetS incidence between surgical menopause and natural menopause, (3) the effect of hormone therapy (HT) with 17β-estradiol (E2) compared to conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) on MetS components among postmenopausal women. A meta-analysis was applied by Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS All comparable indicators were significantly unfavorably changed in postmenopausal women compared to premenopausal women except for high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Women who underwent surgical menopause suffered a 1.51-fold higher risk for MetS compared to those with natural menopause. HT with E2 provided more benefits for levels of triglyceride and diastolic blood, while CEE showed a better effect on both high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS Menopause nearly adversely affects all components of MetS, and surgical menopause may lead to a higher incidence of MetS compared to natural menopause. HT with various preparations may have different effects on MetS components. These results may clarify the management of menopause-related MetS in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pu
- a State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - R Tan
- a State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Q Yu
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - J Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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Santos RL, Lima JT, Rouver WN, Moysés MR. Deficiency of sex hormones does not affect 17-ß-estradiol-induced coronary vasodilation in the isolated rat heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 49:e5058. [PMID: 27074167 PMCID: PMC4833220 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The relaxation of coronary arteries by estrogens in the coronary vascular beds of
naive and hypertensive rats has been well described. However, little is known about
this action in gonadectomized rats. We investigated the effect of 17-ß-estradiol (E2)
in coronary arteries from gonadectomized rats, as well as the contributions of
endothelium-derived factors and potassium channels. Eight-week-old female and male
Wistar rats weighing 220-300 g were divided into sham-operated and gonadectomized
groups (n=9−12 animals per group). The baseline coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) was
determined, and the vasoactive effects of 10 μM E2 were assessed by bolus
administration before and after endothelium denudation or by perfusion with
NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), indomethacin, clotrimazole,
L-NAME plus indomethacin, L-NAME plus clotrimazole or tetraethylammonium (TEA). The
CPP differed significantly between the female and sham-operated male animals.
Gonadectomy reduced the CPP only in female rats. Differences in E2-induced relaxation
were observed between the female and male animals, but male castration did not alter
this response. For both sexes, the relaxation response to E2 was, at least partly,
endothelium-dependent. The response to E2 was reduced only in the sham-operated
female rats treated with L-NAME. However, in the presence of indomethacin,
clotrimazole, L-NAME plus indomethacin or L-NAME plus clotrimazole, or TEA, the E2
response was significantly reduced in all groups. These results highlight the
importance of prostacyclin, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, and potassium
channels in the relaxation response of coronary arteries to E2 in all groups, whereas
nitric oxide may have had an important role only in the sham-operated female
group.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - J T Lima
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - W N Rouver
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - M R Moysés
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
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How do Japanese gynecologists view hormone replacement therapy for survivors of endometrial cancer? Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (JGOG) survey. Int J Clin Oncol 2015; 20:997-1004. [PMID: 25744579 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-015-0808-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This survey sought to determine Japanese gynecologists' attitudes concerning administering hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for patients after surgery for endometrial cancer (EC). METHODS Eight hundred and eighty-eight members of the Japanese Gynecologic Oncology Group (JGOG) were asked to respond to an anonymous questionnaire on the JGOG website. The survey asked whether or not HRT was to be administered when surgery was performed (including a hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy) to treat EC before or after menopause. If HRT was not to be administered, respondents were asked the reason why. Respondents were presented with the same hypothetical patients that were featured in a previous survey in Germany, and differences in the mindsets of Japanese and German physicians were compared. RESULTS Responses from 363 individuals (response rate 40.9 %) were analyzed. Seventy-eight percent of physicians considered HRT for patients undergoing surgery before menopause. The most prevalent reason of refusal to prescribe HRT was the risk of EC recurrence. Forty-eight percent of physicians considered HRT for patients undergoing surgery after menopause. The most prevalent reasons of refusal of HRT were its limited benefit and the availability of alternative therapies. Sixty-five percent of Japanese physicians responded that they would administer HRT to patients with low risk of recurrence vs. 46 % of physicians in Germany (P < 0.0002). Forty-nine percent of Japanese physicians approved of prescribing HRT for patients with high risk of recurrence vs. 25 % of physicians in Germany (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Many Japanese gynecologists have a favorable attitude toward prescribing HRT after treatment of EC.
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Effect of combining therapy with traditional chinese medicine-based psychotherapy and herbal medicines in women with menopausal syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:354145. [PMID: 23304198 PMCID: PMC3523610 DOI: 10.1155/2012/354145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical study was designed to address the effectiveness of combined traditional-Chinese-medicine- (TCM-) based psychotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in the treatment of menopausal syndrome. Altogether 424 eligible women diagnosed as menopausal syndrome and categorized as Kidney-Yin/Kidney-Yang deficiency pattern in TCM were randomly assigned into 4 groups and accepted TCM-based psychotherapy (PSY), CHM, PSY + CHM, or placebo therapies, respectively, for 12 weeks, and another 12 weeks were taken as the followup. Kupperman Index (KI) and the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) with its four subscales (vasomotor, physical, psychosocial, and sexual) were employed for efficacy assessment. Results showed that 400 participants completed 12-week treatment, of which 380 finished the record of KI and MENQOF at week 24. The average adjusted number of KI score decreased between baseline and 12 weeks in all groups. Statistically significant differences were detected in the average adjusted change between the PSY + CHM group and placebo at overall time points (P < 0.05). No severe adverse events occurred in each group and no significant differences were indicated between any of the three groups and placebo in adverse event proportion. We concluded that TCM psychotherapy combined with CHM has a favorable outcome in treating menopausal syndrome.
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Lee KW, Park BJ, Kang HT, Lee YJ. Alcohol-drinking patterns and metabolic syndrome risk: the 2007 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Alcohol 2011; 45:499-505. [PMID: 21549549 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has been known to be related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS). Although some studies have revealed that mild to moderate alcohol consumption reduces the risk of MS, most of these studies have focused the effect of alcohol consumption amount on MS. We examined the association between alcohol-drinking patterns and MS by using the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) questionnaire to study 1,768 alcohol drinkers (847 men, 921 women) aged 20-75 years from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2007. When compared with the subjects in the reference group (AUDIT score ≤ 7), the odds ratios (ORs, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for MS of subjects in the highest group (AUDIT score ≥ 16) were 3.92 (2.40-6.22) in men and 2.27 (0.87-5.89) in women after adjusting for confounding variables. Among the items of the AUDIT score, several alcohol-drinking patterns, including "drinking frequency," "usual drinking quantity," "frequency of high-risk drinking," "frequency of inability to stop drinking," "frequency of feeling guilty after drinking," and "frequency of inability to remember after drinking" were strongly associated with the prevalence of MS in men. In women, there were significant relationships between MS and "usual drinking quantity," "frequency of feeling guilty after drinking," and "frequency of inability to stop drinking." In summary, AUDIT score was strongly associated with MS in Korean adults, particularly in men. Accordingly, in addition to the amount of daily alcohol consumption, alcohol-drinking patterns should be addressed in the prevention and treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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