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Bejarano E, Whitcomb EA, Pfeiffer RL, Rose KL, Asensio MJ, Rodríguez-Navarro JA, Ponce-Mora A, Canto A, Almansa I, Schey KL, Jones BW, Taylor A, Rowan S. Unbalanced redox status network as an early pathological event in congenital cataracts. Redox Biol 2023; 66:102869. [PMID: 37677999 PMCID: PMC10495660 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The lens proteome undergoes dramatic composition changes during development and maturation. A defective developmental process leads to congenital cataracts that account for about 30% of cases of childhood blindness. Gene mutations are associated with approximately 50% of early-onset forms of lens opacity, with the remainder being of unknown etiology. To gain a better understanding of cataractogenesis, we utilized a transgenic mouse model expressing a mutant ubiquitin protein in the lens (K6W-Ub) that recapitulates most of the early pathological changes seen in human congenital cataracts. We performed mass spectrometry-based tandem-mass-tag quantitative proteomics in E15, P1, and P30 control or K6W-Ub lenses. Our analysis identified targets that are required for early normal differentiation steps and altered in cataractous lenses, particularly metabolic pathways involving glutathione and amino acids. Computational molecular phenotyping revealed that glutathione and taurine were spatially altered in the K6W-Ub cataractous lens. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed that both taurine and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione, two indicators of redox status, were differentially compromised in lens biology. In sum, our research documents that dynamic proteome changes in a mouse model of congenital cataracts impact redox biology in lens. Our findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms associated with congenital cataracts and point out that unbalanced redox status due to reduced levels of taurine and glutathione, metabolites already linked to age-related cataract, could be a major underlying mechanism behind lens opacities that appear early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Bejarano
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elizabeth A Whitcomb
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca L Pfeiffer
- Moran Eye Center, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kristie L Rose
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maria José Asensio
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Rodríguez-Navarro
- Servicio de Neurobiología, Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ponce-Mora
- School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antolín Canto
- School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inma Almansa
- School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kevin L Schey
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bryan W Jones
- Moran Eye Center, The University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Allen Taylor
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Friedman School of Nutrition and Science Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sheldon Rowan
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Friedman School of Nutrition and Science Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wu X, Lai W, Lin H, Liu Y. Association of OGG1 and MTHFR polymorphisms with age-related cataract: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172092. [PMID: 28253266 PMCID: PMC5333819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To discern and confirm genetic biomarkers that help identify populations at high risk for age-related cataract (ARC). METHODS A literature search was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Internet databases for genetic association studies published before June 26, 2016 regarding ARC susceptibility. All genetic polymorphisms reported were systematically reviewed, followed by extraction of candidate genes/loci with sufficient genotype data in ≥3 studies for the meta-analysis. A random/fixed-effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals to evaluate the associations considering multiple genetic models. Sensitivity analysis was also performed. RESULTS A total of 144 polymorphisms in 36 genes were reported in the 61 previous genetic association studies. Thereby, three polymorphisms of two genes (8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 [OGG1]; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase NADPH [MTHFR]) in eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. Regarding the OGG1-rs1052133, the GG (OR = 1.925; 95%CI, 1.181-3.136; p = 0.009) and CG (OR = 1.384; 95%CI, 1.171-1.636; p<0.001) genotypes indicated higher risk of ARC. For the MTHFR gene, the CC+TT genotype of rs1801133 might be protective (OR, 0.838; 95%CI, 0.710-0.989; p = 0.036), whereas the AA+CC genotype of rs1801131 indicated increased risk for the mixed subtype (OR = 1.517; 95%CI, 1.113-2.067; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms of OGG1 and MTHFR genes are associated with ARC susceptibility and may help identify populations at high risk for ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyi Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haotian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HL); (YL)
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HL); (YL)
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Compound mouse mutants of bZIP transcription factors Mafg and Mafk reveal a regulatory network of non-crystallin genes associated with cataract. Hum Genet 2015; 134:717-35. [PMID: 25896808 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although majority of the genes linked to early-onset cataract exhibit lens fiber cell-enriched expression, our understanding of gene regulation in these cells is limited to function of just eight transcription factors and largely in the context of crystallins. We report on small Maf transcription factors Mafg and Mafk as regulators of several non-crystallin human cataract-associated genes in fiber cells and establish their significance to this disease. We applied a bioinformatics tool for cataract gene discovery iSyTE to identify Mafg and its co-regulators in the lens, and generated various null-allelic combinations of Mafg:Mafk mouse mutants for phenotypic and molecular analysis. By age 4 months, Mafg-/-:Mafk+/- mutants exhibit lens defects that progressively develop into cataract. High-resolution phenotypic characterization of Mafg-/-:Mafk+/- mouse lens reveals severely disorganized fiber cells, while microarray-based expression profiling identifies 97 differentially regulated genes (DRGs). Integrative analysis of Mafg-/-:Mafk+/- lens-DRGs with (1) binding motifs and genomic targets of small Mafs and their regulatory partners, (2) iSyTE lens expression data, and (3) interactions between DRGs in the String database, unravel a detailed small Maf regulatory network in the lens, several nodes of which are linked to cataract. This approach identifies 36 high-priority candidates from the original 97 DRGs. Significantly, 8/36 (22%) DRGs are associated with cataracts in human (GSTO1, MGST1, SC4MOL, UCHL1) or mouse (Aldh3a1, Crygf, Hspb1, Pcbd1), suggesting a multifactorial etiology that includes oxidative stress and misregulation of sterol synthesis. These data identify Mafg and Mafk as new cataract-associated candidates and define their function in regulating largely non-crystallin genes linked to human cataract.
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Reddy SS, Shruthi K, Reddy VS, Raghu G, Suryanarayana P, Giridharan N, Reddy GB. Altered ubiquitin-proteasome system leads to neuronal cell death in a spontaneous obese rat model. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2924-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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