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Osmakov DI, Kalinovskii AP, Belozerova OA, Andreev YA, Kozlov SA. Lignans as Pharmacological Agents in Disorders Related to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Chemical Synthesis Approaches and Biological Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116031. [PMID: 35682715 PMCID: PMC9181380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant lignans exhibit a wide range of biological activities, which makes them the research objects of potential use as therapeutic agents. They provide diverse naturally-occurring pharmacophores and are available for production by chemical synthesis. A large amount of accumulated data indicates that lignans of different structural groups are apt to demonstrate both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, in many cases, simultaneously. In this review, we summarize the comprehensive knowledge about lignan use as a bioactive agent in disorders associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo, molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, and chemical synthesis approaches. This article provides an up-to-date overview of the current data in this area, available in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, screened from 2000 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I. Osmakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr P. Kalinovskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Olga A. Belozerova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Yaroslav A. Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Kozlov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.I.O.); (A.P.K.); (O.A.B.); (Y.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Díaz-Montaña EJ, Barbero-López M, Aparicio-Ruiz R, Morales MT. Does A Flavoured Extra Virgin Olive Oil Have Higher Antioxidant Properties? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030550. [PMID: 35326198 PMCID: PMC8944749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil is highly appreciated worldwide for its healthy and organoleptic properties. From the variety of compounds present in the oil, phenols stand out, not only for producing the bitter-pungent perception but also for their antioxidant properties, which contribute to human health protection. The addition of plants can change the phenolic profile due to a migration of plant antioxidants to the oil. The aim of this work was to study the evolution of the oxidative process of extra virgin olive oil under mild storage conditions for 8 months, monitoring the individual content of 15 phenols by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and the changes of the phenolic profile of the non-flavoured oil compared with the same flavoured (rosemary and basil) oil. The oxidative alteration was more marked in virgin than in flavoured oils, where it happened slowly. Throughout storage, the behaviour of the phenols varied, resulting in a decrease in their concentration, except in the case of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol. The addition of plants had an antioxidant effect, slowing down the oxidative process, which prolongs the shelf life of the flavoured oil compared to the unflavoured oil. Furthermore, multivariate statistical analyses allowed the classification and differentiation of the different samples.
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Bielecka M, Pencakowski B, Stafiniak M, Jakubowski K, Rahimmalek M, Gharibi S, Matkowski A, Ślusarczyk S. Metabolomics and DNA-Based Authentication of Two Traditional Asian Medicinal and Aromatic Species of Salvia subg. Perovskia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010112. [PMID: 33435339 PMCID: PMC7826587 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Subgenus Perovskia of the extended genus of Salvia comprises several Central Asian medicinal and aromatic species, of which S. yangii and S. abrotanoides are the most widespread. These plants are cultivated in Europe as robust ornamentals, and several cultivars are available. However, their medicinal potential remains underutilized because of limited information about their phytochemical and genetic diversity. Thus, we combined an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) based metabolomics with DNA barcoding approach based on trnH-psbA and ITS2 barcodes to clarify the relationships between these two taxa. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that aerial parts are more similar than roots and none of the major compounds stand out as distinct. Sugiol in S. yangii leaves and carnosic acid quinone in S. abrotanoides were mostly responsible for their chemical differentiation, whereas in roots the distinction was supported by the presence of five norditerpenoids in S. yangii and two flavonoids and one norditerpenoid in S. abrotanoides. To verify the metabolomics-based differentiation, we performed DNA authentication that revealed S. yangii and S. abrotanoides to be very closely related but separate species. We demonstrated that DNA barcoding coupled with parallel LC-MS profiling constitutes a powerful tool in identification of taxonomically close Salvia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Bielecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.P.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+48-717840500
| | - Bartosz Pencakowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Marta Stafiniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Klemens Jakubowski
- Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, Jana Kochanowskiego 14, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.J.); (M.R.); (A.M.)
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, Jana Kochanowskiego 14, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.J.); (M.R.); (A.M.)
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 841583111, Iran
| | - Shima Gharibi
- Core Research Facility (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Street, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, Jana Kochanowskiego 14, 51-601 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.J.); (M.R.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Sylwester Ślusarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Butt HA, Butt HA, Khan AU. In Silico Analysis of Compounds Derived from Perovskia Atriplicifolia for their Antidiabetic Potential. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666181009130936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Diabetes is a chronic endocrine associated metabolic ailment. It is chiefly
characterized by hyperglycemia, which results due to deficient insulin levels caused by either obliteration
of pancreatic beta cells or the incompetent sensitivity of insulin at the target tissue.
Methods:
In the present study, selected compounds (Abrotandiol, Abrotanone, Lariciresinol, Pinoresinol,
Syringaresinol and Taxiresinol) from Perovskia atriplicifolia were evaluated for antidiabetic
potentials using molecular docking simulations and computational tools.
Results:
All selected compounds possess moderate to strong respective activities against aldose
reductase, DPP-IV, PTPB, insulin receptor and PPAR-g. Selected compounds that include Abrotandiol,
Lariciresinol, Pinoresinol, Syringaresinol, Abrotanone and Taxiresinol have shown highest
binding energies of ΔG = -9.3 kcal/mol, -8.9 kcal/mol, -8.9 kcal/mol, -8.8 kcal/mol, -8.8 kcal/mol
and -7.6 kcal/mol respectively against PPAR-g. However, out of six compounds, Abrotanone has
shown strong potential binding energy against all selected targets, i.e. ΔG = -7.8 kcal/mol with
aldose reductase, ΔG = -10.3 kcal/mol with DPP-IV, ΔG = -9.3 kcal/mol with PTPB and ΔG = -8.3
kcal/mol with insulin receptors.
Conclusion:
The present study proposed that all selected compounds possess antidiabetic activity.
However, Abrotanone has a strong antidiabetic potential. This assumption provides better insight to
evaluate further these compounds for in vitro and in vivo testing against diabetes in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Aslam Butt
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Aslam Butt
- Department of Bioinforamtics, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Phytochemistry, Chemotaxonomy, Ethnopharmacology, and Nutraceutics of Lamiaceae. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64185-4.00004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Miroliaei M, Aminjafari A, Ślusarczyk S, Nawrot-Hadzik I, Rahimmalek M, Matkowski A. Inhibition of Glycation-induced Cytotoxicity, Protein Glycation, and Activity of Proteolytic Enzymes by Extract from Perovskia atriplicifolia Roots. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S676-S683. [PMID: 29142432 PMCID: PMC5669115 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_559_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Protein glycation and glycotoxicity belong to the main oxidative-stress related complications in diabetes. Perovskia species are used in Asian folk medicine as antidiabetic herbs. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the ability of the methanolic extract from Perovskia atriplicifolia Benth. roots to diminish glycation of albumin and to prevent cell damage in vitro. Furthermore, we tested the extract for in vitro antioxidant activity and inhibition of elastase and collagenase. Material and Methods: The aqueous methanol extract was analyzed by UHPLC-MS for the content of polyphenols and terpenoids. The prevention of glycated albumin-induced cell damage was tested in four mammalian cell lines (peripheral blood mononuclear cells, human embryonic kidney cells – HEK293, normal human fibroblasts, and Chinese hamster ovary cells) with the 5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4,5-dimethylthiazoly)-3-(4-sulfophenyl) tetrazolium assay. Results: Glycated albumin is significantly more toxic than native human serum albumin (LC50 from 35.00 to 48.34 μg/mL vs. 5.47–9.10 μg/mL, respectively). The extract, rich in rosmarinic acid (344.27 mg/g dry mass), mitigated the glycated albumin toxicity, and increased glycated albumin-treated cell survival by more than 50%. The inhibition of advanced glycation endproduct formation was confirmed by monitoring conformational changes. The free radical scavenging activity was higher than Trolox and metal reducing power was one-third to half that of ascorbic acid. The activity of elastase and collagenase was inhibited by 54.75% ± 6.87% and 60.03% ± 7.22%, respectively. Conclusions: The results confirm antiglycative and antiglycotoxic potential of Perovskia root and its traditional antidiabetic use. The high activity can be attributed to rosmarinic acid abundance. SUMMARY Perovskia is a small genus of aromatic shrubby plants growing in arid regions of Central and South Asia. Different parts are used in folk medicine as antiparasitic, anti-infectious and antidiabetic remedy. Here, we have studied the extract from roots for inhibition of: glycation-induced cytotoxicity, human serum albumin glycation, inflammation-related enzymes, as well as for antioxidant activity. Result: the extract from P. atriplicifolia roots inhibited protein glycation and AGE-induced toxicity in cell cultures. The mechanism is likely to rely on the antioxidant activity of high content of rosmarinic acid.
Abbreviations used: AGE: advanced glycation end-products; DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; HSA: human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Miroliaei
- Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Akram Aminjafari
- Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sylwester Ślusarczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.,Department of Crop Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation (IUNG), Pulawy, Poland
| | - Izabela Nawrot-Hadzik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Wang S, Wu C, Li X, Zhou Y, Zhang Q, Ma F, Wei J, Zhang X, Guo P. Syringaresinol-4- O- β-d-glucoside alters lipid and glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells and C2C12 myotubes. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:453-460. [PMID: 28752030 PMCID: PMC5518665 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Syringaresinol-4-O-β-d-glucoside (SSG), a furofuran-type lignan, was found to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism through an activity screen of lipid accumulation and glucose consumption, and was therefore considered as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorder, especially in lipid and glucose metabolic homeostasis. In this study, the effects of SSG on lipogenesis and glucose consumption in HepG2 cells and C2C12 myotubes were further investigated. Treatment with SSG significantly inhibited lipid accumulation by oil red O staining and reduced the intracellular contents of total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in HepG2 cells. No effect was observed on cell viability in the MTT assay at concentrations of 0.1–10 μmol/L. SSG also increased glucose consumption by HepG2 cells and glucose uptake by C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the beneficial effects were associated with the down-regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c, -2 (SREBP-1c, -2), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) and hydroxyl methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR), and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPARα and PPARγ). SSG also significantly elevated transcription activity of PPARγ tested by luciferase assay. These results suggest that SSG is an effective regulator of lipogenesis and glucose consumption and might be a candidate for further research in the prevention and treatment of lipid and glucose metabolic diseases.
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Gao L, Zhou J, Zhu LY, Zhang JR, Jing YX, Zhao JW, Huang XZ, Li GP, Jiang ZY, Xue DY. Four New Diterpene Glucosides from Perovskia atriplicifolia. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28419767 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Four new diterpene glucosides, namely perovskiaditerpenosides A - D (1 - 4), were isolated from the BuOH extract of Perovskia atriplicifolia. Their structures were well elucidated by chemical methods and comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including MS, IR, and NMR (1D and 2D). The newly isolated compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2, NB4, HeLa, K562, MCF7, PC3, and HL60. The obtained results indicated that the new compounds possessed considerable cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Le-Yu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Juan-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Zhong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Gan-Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P. R. China
| | - Da-Yuan Xue
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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Lee S, Moon E, Choi SU, Kim KH. Lignans from the Twigs of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold and Their Biological Evaluation. Chem Biodivers 2017; 13:1391-1396. [PMID: 27447684 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new sesquilignan, euonymolin A (1), and six known lignans, (-)-de-O-methylmagnolin (2), (+)-de-O-methylepimagnolin A (3), (+)-syringaresinol (4), (+)-pinoresinol (5), (+)-medioresinol (6), and (+)-lariciresinol 4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7), were isolated from the twigs of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (Celastraceae). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic analyses, including extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, HR-MS analysis and circular dichroism (CD) data, and the literature data. All of the isolated compounds were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT-15 cell lines and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 cell line. All compounds showed cytotoxicity against the SK-MEL-2 cell line with IC50 values of 23.24 - 48.14 μm and inhibited NO production in LPS-activated BV-2 cells with IC50 values of 6.75 - 23.53 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulah Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Eunjung Moon
- Charmzone R&D Center, Charmzone Co., Ltd., 318 Yeongdong-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06177, Korea
| | - Sang Un Choi
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Deajeon, 305-600, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea.
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Ma RF, Liu QZ, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Li Q, Yin J, Chen WS. The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family in Isatis indigotica Fort.: molecular cloning, characterization, and expression analysis. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 14:801-812. [PMID: 27914524 PMCID: PMC7129711 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds, metabolites of the phenylpropanoid pathway, play an important role in the growth and environmental adaptation of many plants. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is the first key enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway. The present study was designed to investigate whether there is a multi-gene family in I. Indigotic and, if so, to characterize their properties. We conducted a comprehensive survey on the transcription profiling database by using tBLASTn analysis. Several bioinformatics methods were employed to perform the prediction of composition and physicochemical characters. The expression levels of IiPAL genes in various tissues of I. indigotica with stress treatment were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Protoplast transient transformation was used to observe the locations of IiPALs. IiPALs were functionally characterized by expression with pET-32a vector in Escherichia colis strain BL21 (DE3). Integration of transcripts and metabolite accumulations was used to reveal the relation between IiPALs and target compounds. An new gene (IiPAL2) was identified and both IiPALs had the conserved enzymatic active site Ala-Ser-Gly and were classified as members of dicotyledon. IiPAL1 and IiPAL2 were expressed in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers, with the highest expression levels of IiPAL1 and IiPAL2 being observed in stems and roots, respectively. The two genes responded to the exogenous elicitor in different manners. Subcellular localization experiment showed that both IiPALs were localized in the cytosol. The recombinant proteins were shown to catalyze the conversion of L-Phe to trans-cinnamic acid. Correlation analysis indicated that IiPAL1 was more close to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites than IiPAL2. In conclusion, the present study provides a basis for the elucidation of the role of IiPALs genes in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds, which will help further metabolic engineering to improve the accumulation of bioactive components in I. indigotica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Ma
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qian-Zi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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Kang YJ, Seo DG, Park SY. Phenylpropanoids from cinnamon bark reduced β-amyloid production by the inhibition of β-secretase in Chinese hamster ovarian cells stably expressing amyloid precursor protein. Nutr Res 2016; 36:1277-1284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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