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Trillos-Almanza MC, Chvatal-Medina M, Connelly MA, Moshage H, Bakker SJL, de Meijer VE, Blokzijl H, Dullaart RPF. Circulating Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Is Elevated in Liver Transplant Recipients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6031. [PMID: 38892218 PMCID: PMC11172608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver transplant recipients (LTRs) have lower long-term survival rates compared with the general population. This underscores the necessity for developing biomarkers to assess post-transplantation mortality. Here we compared plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels with those in the general population, investigated its determinants, and interrogated its association with all-cause mortality in stable LTRs. Plasma TMAO was measured in 367 stable LTRs from the TransplantLines cohort (NCT03272841) and in 4837 participants from the population-based PREVEND cohort. TMAO levels were 35% higher in LTRs compared with PREVEND participants (4.3 vs. 3.2 µmol/L, p < 0.001). Specifically, TMAO was elevated in LTRs with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol-associated liver disease, and polycystic liver disease as underlying etiology (p < 0.001 for each). Among LTRs, TMAO levels were independently associated with eGFR (std. β = -0.43, p < 0.001) and iron supplementation (std. β = 0.13, p = 0.008), and were associated with mortality (29 deaths during 8.6 years follow-up; log-rank test p = 0.017; hazard ratio of highest vs. lowest tertile 4.14, p = 0.007). In conclusion, plasma TMAO is likely elevated in stable LTRs, with impaired eGFR and iron supplementation as potential contributory factors. Our preliminary findings raise the possibility that plasma TMAO could contribute to increased mortality risk in such patients, but this need to be validated through a series of rigorous and methodical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camila Trillos-Almanza
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | - Mateo Chvatal-Medina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | | | - Han Moshage
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | - TransplantLines Investigators
- Groningen Institute for Organ Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Stephan J. L. Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Vincent E. de Meijer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Hans Blokzijl
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.C.-M.); (H.M.); (H.B.)
| | - Robin P. F. Dullaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
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Ortiz-Arrabal O, Bermejo-Casares F, Garzón I, Mesa-García MD, Gómez-Llorente C, Alaminos M. Optimization of human skin keratinocyte culture protocols using bioactive molecules derived from olive oil. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:115000. [PMID: 37301136 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin damage due to severe burns can compromise patient life. Current tissue engineering methods allow the generation of human skin substitutes for clinical use. However, this process is time-consuming, as the keratinocytes required to generate artificial skin have a low proliferation rate in culture. In this study, we evaluated the pro-proliferative effects of three natural biomolecules isolated from olive oil: phenolic extract (PE), DL-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl glycol (DHFG), and oleuropein (OLP), on cultured human skin keratinocytes. The results showed that PE and OLP increased the proliferation of immortalized human skin keratinocytes, especially at concentrations of 10 and 5 µg/mL, respectively, without altering cell viability. In contrast, DHFG did not produce a significant improvement in keratinocyte proliferation. In normal human skin keratinocytes obtained from skin biopsies, we found that PE, but not OLP, could increase the number of keratinocyte colonies and the area occupied by these cells. Furthermore, this effect was associated with increased KI-67 and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene expression. Thus, we propose that PE positively affects keratinocyte proliferation and could be used in culture protocols to improve bioartificial skin generation by tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olimpia Ortiz-Arrabal
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain; Doctoral Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Granada, Granada E18071, Spain
| | - Fabiola Bermejo-Casares
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain
| | - Ingrid Garzón
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Mesa-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Granada 18100, Spain.
| | - Carolina Gómez-Llorente
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Granada 18100, Spain.
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada E18016, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada E18012, Spain.
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Faucher Q, Jardou M, Brossier C, Picard N, Marquet P, Lawson R. Is Intestinal Dysbiosis-Associated With Immunosuppressive Therapy a Key Factor in the Pathophysiology of Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:898878. [PMID: 35872991 PMCID: PMC9302877 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.898878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is one of the most common and deleterious comorbidities after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Its incidence varies depending on the organs transplanted and can affect up to 40% of patients. Current research indicates that PTDM shares several common features with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in non-transplant populations. However, the pathophysiology of PTDM is still poorly characterized. Therefore, ways should be sought to improve its diagnosis and therapeutic management. A clear correlation has been made between PTDM and the use of immunosuppressants. Moreover, immunosuppressants are known to induce gut microbiota alterations, also called intestinal dysbiosis. Whereas the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the development of T2DM has been well documented, little is known about its impacts on PTDM. Functional alterations associated with intestinal dysbiosis, especially defects in pathways generating physiologically active bacterial metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, indole and kynurenine) are known to favour several metabolic disorders. This publication aims at discussing the potential role of intestinal dysbiosis and dysregulation of bacterial metabolites associated with immunosuppressive therapy in the occurrence of PTDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Faucher
- University of Limoges, Inserm U1248, Pharmacology & Transplantation, Limoges, France
| | - Manon Jardou
- University of Limoges, Inserm U1248, Pharmacology & Transplantation, Limoges, France
| | - Clarisse Brossier
- University of Limoges, Inserm U1248, Pharmacology & Transplantation, Limoges, France
| | - Nicolas Picard
- University of Limoges, Inserm U1248, Pharmacology & Transplantation, Limoges, France
- Department of pharmacology, toxicology and pharmacovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Pierre Marquet
- University of Limoges, Inserm U1248, Pharmacology & Transplantation, Limoges, France
- Department of pharmacology, toxicology and pharmacovigilance, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Roland Lawson
- University of Limoges, Inserm U1248, Pharmacology & Transplantation, Limoges, France
- *Correspondence: Roland Lawson,
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Kong J, Wu K, Ji Y, Chen K, Zhang J, Sun H, Liang Y, Liang W, Chang Y, Cheng J, Tong J, Li J, Xing G, Chen G. Enhanced Bioavailability by Orally Administered Sirolimus Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4612-4621. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianglong Kong
- College of Food Science, ShiHezi University, ShiHezi 832000, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Ji
- The University of California’s Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kui Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuelan Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanan Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jenny Cheng
- The University of California’s Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Junmao Tong
- College of Food Science, ShiHezi University, ShiHezi 832000, China
| | - Juan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gengmei Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterial & Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guogang Chen
- College of Food Science, ShiHezi University, ShiHezi 832000, China
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