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Nguyen J, Chong TW, Elmi H, Ma J, Madi J, Mamgain A, Melendez E, Messina J, Mongia N, Nambiar S, Ng TJ, Nguyen H, McCullough M, Canfora F, O'Reilly LA, Cirillo N, Paolini R, Celentano A. Role of Hemidesmosomes in Oral Carcinogenesis: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092533. [PMID: 37173998 PMCID: PMC10177336 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancers have limited diagnostic tools to aid clinical management. Current evidence indicates that alterations in hemidesmosomes, the adhesion complexes primarily involved in epithelial attachment to the basement membrane, are correlated to cancer phenotype for multiple cancers. This systematic review aimed to assess the experimental evidence for hemidesmosomal alterations, specifically in relation to oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinomas. METHODS We conducted a systemic review to summarise the available literature on hemidesmosomal components and their role in oral pre-cancer and cancer. Relevant studies were retrieved from a comprehensive search of Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase and Web of Science. RESULTS 26 articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 19 were in vitro studies, 4 in vivo studies, 1 in vitro and in vivo study, and 2 in vitro and cohort studies. Among them, 15 studies discussed individual alpha-6 and/or beta-4 subunits, 12 studies discussed the alpha-6 beta-4 heterodimers, 6 studies discussed the entire hemidesmosome complex, 5 studies discussed bullous pemphigoid-180, 3 studies discussed plectin, 3 studies discussed bullous pemphigoid antigen-1 and 1 study discussed tetraspanin. CONCLUSION Heterogeneity in cell type, experimental models, and methods were observed. Alterations in hemidesmosomal components were shown to contribute to oral pre-cancer and cancer. We conclude that there is sufficient evidence for hemidesmosomes and their components to be potential biomarkers for evaluating oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Nguyen
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Tze Wei Chong
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Hafsa Elmi
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Jiani Ma
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - John Madi
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Asha Mamgain
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Eileen Melendez
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Julian Messina
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Nikhil Mongia
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Sanjana Nambiar
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Tsu Jie Ng
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Michael McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Federica Canfora
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorraine A O'Reilly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Rita Paolini
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Antonio Celentano
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
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Analysis on the relevance of asthma susceptibility with the alteration of integrin β 4 expression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95533. [PMID: 24740264 PMCID: PMC3989341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated research has suggested the importance of the adhesion molecules modulation as therapeutic approach for bronchial asthma. Adhesion molecules expression alteration contributes to the pathogenesis of asthma. In order to probe the roles of expression imbalance of adhesion molecules in asthma pathogenesis, expression profiling of adhesion molecules was performed using cDNA microarray assay. The results showed that the expression pattern of adhesion molecules was altered in peripheral blood leucocytes of asthma patients. In this study, we focused on one of the abnormally expressed molecule, integrin β4, which was down-regulated in all asthma patients, to analyze the relevance of asthma susceptibility with the alteration of integrin β4 expressions. Real time PCR was used to verify the down-regulation of integrin β4 in additional 38 asthma patients. Next, the 5'flanking region of integrin β4 DNA were amplified, sequenced and site-directed mutagenesis technology in correspondent variation sites were carried out. Among 4 variation sites found in 5' flanking region of integrin β4, 3 were related to asthma susceptibility: -nt1029 G/A, -nt 1051 G/A, and -nt 1164 G/C. A reduction of human integrin β4 promoter activity was observed at mutants of these sites. This study demonstrates that various adhesion molecules in asthma patients are abnormally expressed. Mutations in 5' flanking region result in reduced integrin β4 expression, which is related to increased risk of asthma.
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Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the primary tumor type in head and neck cancer. Typically, these tumor cells show persistent invasion that frequently leads to local recurrence and distant lymphatic metastasis. The process of invasion involves concurrent infiltration and destruction of adjacent tissues. As with normal mucosal epithelium, SCC cells express receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion (integrins) and cell-cell adhesion (cadherins). Both receptor families represent important signaling devices that are capable of promoting survival and proliferation. Recent results indicate that integrins and cadherins cooperate to regulate invasive behavior. During SCC invasion, cells actively migrate through the surrounding ECM with the simultaneous remodeling of their intercellular adhesions. During invasion, integrin receptor engagement with specific ECM ligands along with concurrent remodeling of cadherin adhesions induces changes in the cytoskeleton though modulation of the activities of Rho family members. Tumor development and progression of SCC proceeds with the generation of variant cells with potential alterations in expression of adhesion receptors, and their associated signaling pathways lead to a highly invasive and metastatic phenotype. Understanding the molecular events that define this subset of invasive cells will facilitate the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall H Kramer
- Head and Neck Oncology Program, Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Ziober BL, Silverman SS, Kramer RH. Adhesive mechanisms regulating invasion and metastasis in oral cancer. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 2002; 12:499-510. [PMID: 11806519 DOI: 10.1177/10454411010120060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It is the relentless invasion and growth into surrounding tissue that characterize oral squamous cell carcinoma. Metastasis is perhaps the most challenging and important aspect of cancer progression, in that it generally signifies limited survival and ineffective therapy. Inherent in metastasis is invasion, the process by which cells infiltrate into adjacent tissues, degrading basement membranes and extracellular matrix and disrupting tissue architecture and sometimes organ function. The factors that regulate these processes are complex and likely involve loss of the controls that are normally in place in physiologic tissue modeling. Adhesion receptors and their ligands are important in modulating not only invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells but also their survival and proliferation. Normal oral mucosal epithelial cells use integrins to maintain their anchorage to the basement membrane, whereas the formation of stratifying cell layers depends on the formation of intercellular adhesions mediated by cadherins. The process of squamous cell carcinoma invasion and dissemination requires active cell migration through the extracellular matrix with the simultaneous remodeling of intercellular adhesions. Integrins are clearly important in the invasive process, whereas intercellular adhesion receptors restrain invasion and promote a more differentiated phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Ziober
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
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Abstract
In addition to their role in maintenance of tissue integrity, cell adhesion molecules regulate the growth and differentiation of stratified squamous epithelia. Reduced expression of E-cadherin and the alpha 2 beta 1, alpha 3 beta 1 and alpha 6 beta 4 integrins is already reported to correlate with poor histological differentiation in oral squamous cell carcinomas. However, it is not clear how closely cadherin and integrin loss are related in any given tumour, nor whether cadherin loss is correlated with changes in expression of the cytoplasmic regulatory proteins known as catenins. Double-label immunofluorescence has been used to stain a panel of 22 oral squamous cell carcinomas with antibodies to ten proteins, including E- and P-cadherin, the major keratinocyte integrin subunits, and alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin. Overall, E-cadherin expression and integrin expression correlated well with tumour grade, while P-cadherin staining was more variable. All tumours, regardless of differentiation status, showed reduced staining for at least two of the catenins, implying that the adhesive function of E- and P-cadherin could be impaired even when cadherin expression is normal. It is concluded that in all squamous cell carcinomas, regardless of degree of histological differentiation, there is some perturbed expression of cell adhesion molecules and that integrin and E-cadherin loss are closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bagutti
- Keratinocyte Laboratory, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, U.K
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Abstract
Integrins are a family of heterodimeric, cation-dependent cell membrane adhesion molecules which mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. They play a fundamental role in the maintenance of tissue integrity and in the regulation of cell proliferation, growth, differentiation and migration. It is not surprising, therefore, that integrins have been implicated in neoplasia and tumour progression and metastasis. Integrin expression and function are altered in malignant cells, although no specific integrin has been implicated in transformation to the malignant phenotype and changes in integrin expression vary both between and within different tumour types. In oral squamous cell carcinomas there is variable loss or reduced expression of beta 1 integrins and of alpha 6 beta 4, which correlates to loss of basement membrane proteins and is most extensive in poorly differentiated lesions. There are also changes in the repertoire of alpha v integrin expression with de novo expression of alpha v beta 6 which may be important in tumour cell migration. Conversely there is reduced expression of alpha v beta 5. In vitro studies suggest that this integrin may be important in oral neoplasia since alpha v-negative cell lines show a malignant phenotype which can be reversed by transfection of the missing integrin. Because alterations in integrin expression in oral cancers are so variable, it seems unlikely that they will be useful as prognostic markers. However, studies of integrin expression and function are increasing our understanding of cell interactions in oral cancer and may pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions to arrest the progression of individual tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Thomas
- Department of Oral Pathology, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, London, U.K
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