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Kulniwatcharoen P, Hansapinyo L, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Potential underlying mechanisms of ethambutol induced optic neuropathy: Evidence from in vitro to clinical studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114176. [PMID: 37949203 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Ethambutol is an antibiotic widely used for treatment of Mycobacterium species. Although it is safe to use in patients, the ocular toxic impact, including optic neuropathy and retinopathy, can be observed in patients using ethambutol. After discontinuation of the drug, the ocular toxic effects can be reversible in some patients, but some are not. Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy has been recognized for more than six decades and the prevalence of optic neuropathy from a standard dose of ethambutol has been reported as 0.7-1.29%. Several factors associated with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy include dosage/duration of drug, the medical conditions of patients such as renal and hepatic dysfunction and preexisting mitochondrial mutations. Currently, there is no specific treatment and prevention of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy. In addition, the potential underlying mechanisms of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy is still unclear. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize and discuss evidence from clinical, in vitro, and in vivo studies in order to explore the potential pathophysiology of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy. Any contradictory findings are also included and discussed. The insights gained from the review will facilitate the discovery of novel approaches for prevention and treatment of optic neuropathy-induced by ethambutol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichaya Kulniwatcharoen
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Linda Hansapinyo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Saxena R, Singh D, Phuljhele S, Kalaiselvan V, Karna S, Gandhi R, Prakash A, Lodha R, Mohan A, Menon V, Garg R. Ethambutol toxicity: Expert panel consensus for the primary prevention, diagnosis and management of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:3734-3739. [PMID: 34827033 PMCID: PMC8837289 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_3746_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethambutol use may lead to permanent vision loss by inducing a dose- and duration-dependent optic neuropathy. This has been of concern to ophthalmologists and physicians both; however, ethambutol continues to be used because of its anti-mycobacterial action with relative systemic safety. Recently, the guidelines of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme of India have been revised to allow for fixed dose and longer duration of ethambutol use; this is likely to result in an increase in vision-threatening adverse effects. Taking cognizance of this, neuro-ophthalmologists, infectious disease specialists, and scientists met under the aegis of the Indian Neuro-Ophthalmology Society to deliberate on prevention, early diagnosis, and management of ethambutol-related toxic optic neuropathy. The recommendations made by the expert group focus on early suspicion of ethambutol toxicity through screening at the physician’s office and opportunistic screening by the ophthalmologist. Further, they focus on an early diagnosis through identification of specific clinical biomarkers and on management in way of early stoppage of the drug and supportive therapy. This statement also describes the mechanism of reporting a case of toxic optic neuropathy through the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India and emphasizes the need for spreading awareness regarding vision-threatening adverse effects among patients and healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Saxena
- Strabismus and Neuro-Ophthalmology Services, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Swati Phuljhele
- Strabismus and Neuro-Ophthalmology Services, Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - V Kalaiselvan
- Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satya Karna
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jaypee Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmin Gandhi
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Services, Centre for Sight, Hyderabad and University of Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Anupam Prakash
- Department of Medicine, Lady Harding Medical College and Affiliated hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Lodha
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vimla Menon
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Services, Centre for Sight, Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev Garg
- Directorate General of Health Services, Government of India, New Delhi, India
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3
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Zysset-Burri DC, Schlegel I, Lincke JB, Jaggi D, Keller I, Heller M, Lagache SB, Wolf S, Zinkernagel MS. Understanding the Interactions Between the Ocular Surface Microbiome and the Tear Proteome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:8. [PMID: 34369983 PMCID: PMC8354087 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the interplay between the ocular surface microbiome and the tear proteome in humans in order to better understand the pathogenesis of ocular surface-associated diseases. Methods Twenty eyes from 20 participants were included in the study. The ocular surface microbiome was sequenced by whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing using lid and conjunctival swabs. Furthermore, the tear proteome was identified using chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. After compositional and functional profiling of the metagenome and functional characterization of the proteome by gene ontology, association studies between the ocular microbiome and tear proteome were assessed. Results Two hundred twenty-nine taxa were identified with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria being the most abundant phyla with significantly more Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis in lid compared to conjunctival swabs. The lid metagenomes were enriched in genes of the glycolysis lll and adenosine nucleotides de novo and L-isoleucine biosynthesis. Correlations between the phylum Firmicutes and fatty acid metabolism, between the genus Agrobacterium as well as vitamin B1 synthesis and antimicrobial activity, and between biosynthesis of heme, L-arginine, as well as L-citrulline and human vision were detected. Conclusions The ocular surface microbiome was found to be associated with the tear proteome with a role in human immune defense. This study has a potential impact on the development of treatment strategies for ocular surface-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise C Zysset-Burri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irina Schlegel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joel-Benjamin Lincke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Damian Jaggi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irene Keller
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Heller
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Braga Lagache
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin S Zinkernagel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Aleshin VA, Zhou X, Krishnan S, Karlsson A, Bunik VI. Interplay Between Thiamine and p53/p21 Axes Affects Antiproliferative Action of Cisplatin in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Changing Metabolism of 2-Oxoglutarate/Glutamate. Front Genet 2021; 12:658446. [PMID: 33868388 PMCID: PMC8047112 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.658446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is often deficient in oncopatients, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy. However, interaction between the thiamine deficiency and anticancer action of drugs has not been characterized. A major natural thiamine derivative, thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), is a coenzyme of central metabolism, also known to affect transcriptional activity of the master metabolic regulator and genome guardian p53. A direct transcriptional target of p53, p21, regulates cell cycle dynamics and DNA damage response. Our work focuses on dependence of the action of the DNA damaging anticancer drug cisplatin on metabolic regulation through p53/p21 axes and cellular thiamine status in human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549. These cells are used as a model of a hardly curable cancer, known to develop chemoresistance to platinum drugs, such as cisplatin. Compared to wild type (A549WT), a stable line with a 60% knockdown of p21 (A549p21-) is less sensitive to antiproliferative action of cisplatin. In contrast, in the thiamine-deficient medium, cisplatin impairs the viability of A549p21- cells more than that of A549WT cells. Analysis of the associated metabolic changes in the cells indicates that (i) p21 knockdown restricts the production of 2-oxoglutarate via glutamate oxidation, stimulating that within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; (ii) cellular cisplatin sensitivity is associated with a 4-fold upregulation of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) by cisplatin; (iii) cellular cisplatin resistance is associated with a 2-fold upregulation of p53 by cisplatin. Correlation analysis of the p53 expression and enzymatic activities upon variations in cellular thiamine/ThDP levels indicates that p21 knockdown substitutes positive correlation of the p53 expression with the activity of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHC) for that with the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). The knockdown also changes correlations of the levels of OGDHC, GDH and GOT2 with those of the malate and isocitrate dehydrogenases. Thus, a p53/p21-dependent change in partitioning of the glutamate conversion to 2-oxoglutarate through GOT2 or GDH, linked to NAD(P)-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoglutarate in affiliated pathways, adapts A549 cells to thiamine deficiency or cisplatin treatment. Cellular thiamine deficiency may interfere with antiproliferative action of cisplatin due to their common modulation of the p53/p21-dependent metabolic switch between the glutamate oxidation and transamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A. Aleshin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xiaoshan Zhou
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuba Krishnan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria I. Bunik
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
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Akalin Y, Bulut S, Kuloglu T, Demir CF, Tasci I. An investigation of the effects of thiamine in the experimental diabetic rat brain tissue. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2020. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.19.04147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ucak T, Karakurt Y, Tasli G, Cimen FK, Icel E, Kurt N, Ahiskali I, Süleyman H. The effects of thiamine pyrophosphate on ethanol induced optic nerve damage. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:40. [PMID: 31277705 PMCID: PMC6612179 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-019-0319-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to determine the protective effects of thiamine pyrophosphate on ethanol induced optic neuropathy in an experimental model. Methods The rats were assigned into 4 groups, with 6 rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (HC group), only ethanol administered group (EtOH group), ethanol + thiamine pyrophosphate (20 mg/kg) administered group (TEt-20 group), and only thiamine pyrophosphate (20 mg/kg) (TPG group) administered group. To the rats in TEt-20 and TPG groups, 20 mg/kg thiamine pyrophosphate was administered via intraperitoneal route. To the rats in HC and EtOH groups, the same volume (0.5 ml) of distilled water as solvent was applied in the same manner. To the rats in TEt-20 and EtOH groups, one hour after application of thiamine pyrophosphate or distilled water, 32% ethanol with a dose of 5 g/kg was administered via oral gavage. This procedure was repeated once a day for 6 weeks. From the blood samples and tissues obtained from the rats, Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were studied. Histopathological evaluations were performed to the optic nerve tissue. Results Serum and tissue IL-1β, TNF-α and MDA levels were the highest in EtOH group which were significantly lower in thiamine pyrophosphate administered group (TEt-20 group) (p: 0.001). Serum and tissue reduced GSH levels were the lowest in EtOH group which were also significantly higher in TEt-20 group (p:0.001). In histopathological evaluations, in EtOH group there was obvious destruction and edema with hemorrhage and dilated blood vessels which were not present in any other groups. Conclusions There was an apparent destruction in ethanol administered group in histopathological analyses with an augmented level of oxidative stress markers and all those alterations were prevented with concomitant thiamine pyrophosphate administration. These protective effects of thiamine pyrophosphate are extremely important in chronic ethanol consumption. Clinical studies are warranted to define the exact role of thiamine pyrophosphate in prevention of ethanol induced optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turgay Ucak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Yucel Karakurt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tasli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ferda Keskin Cimen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Erel Icel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Nezahat Kurt
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Atatürk University Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ahiskali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Halis Süleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Karakurt Y, Süleyman H, Keskin Cimen F, Tasli G, Ucak T, Icel E, Kurt N. The effects of lutein on optic nerve injury induced by ethambutol and isoniazid: an experimental study. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2018; 38:136-140. [PMID: 30362367 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2018.1539010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Ethambutol and isoniazid are two major effective first line agents in tuberculosis treatment having some visual adverse effects. We aimed to determine the protective effects of lutein on oxidative optic neuropathy induced by ethambutol and isoniazid in an experimental model. MATERIAL AND METHOD Totally 24 albino Wistar male rats were assigned into 4 groups, with 6 rats in each group as follows: healthy controls (HC group), 50 mg/kg ethambutol +50 mg/kg isoniazid administered group (EI), 0.5 mg/kg lutein +50 mg/kg ethambutol +50 mg/kg isoniazid administered group (LEI-05) and only Lutein (0.5 mg/kg) (LUT group) administered group. From the blood samples and tissues obtained from the rats, Malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were studied. Histopathological evaluations were performed at the end of the study. RESULTS Serum and tissue IL-1β, TNF-α and MDA levels were the highest in EI group which were significantly lower in lutein administered group. On the other hand, serum and tissue total GSH levels were the lowest in EI group which were significantly higher in Lutein administered group. In histopathological evaluations, there were significant differences between EI group and all other three groups with edema and hemorrhage in connective tissue covering optic nerve, dilated and congested capillary, decrease in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. CONCLUSION Isoniazid and ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy although not common, may have some potential devastating effects on vision. Lutein is determined as an effective agent in prevention of isoniazid and ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucel Karakurt
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Halis Süleyman
- b Department of Pharmacology , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | | | - Gamze Tasli
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Turgay Ucak
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Erel Icel
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Nezahat Kurt
- d Department of Biochemistry , Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey
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Hu S, He W, Du X, Huang Y, Fu Y, Yang Y, Hu C, Li S, Wang Q, Wen Q, Zhou X, Zhou C, Zhong XP, Ma L. Vitamin B1 Helps to Limit Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth via Regulating Innate Immunity in a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ-Dependent Manner. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1778. [PMID: 30166982 PMCID: PMC6106772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that vitamin B1 (VB1) has a protective effect against oxidative retinal damage induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs. However, it remains unclear whether VB1 regulates immune responses during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. We report here that VB1 promotes the protective immune response to limit the survival of MTB within macrophages and in vivo through regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ). VB1 promotes macrophage polarization into classically activated phenotypes with strong microbicidal activity and enhanced tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 expression at least in part by promoting nuclear factor-κB signaling. In addition, VB1 increases mitochondrial respiration and lipid metabolism and PPAR-γ integrates the metabolic and inflammatory signals regulated by VB1. Using both PPAR-γ agonists and deficient mice, we demonstrate that VB1 enhances anti-MTB activities in macrophages and in vivo by down-regulating PPAR-γ activity. Our data demonstrate important functions of VB1 in regulating innate immune responses against MTB and reveal novel mechanisms by which VB1 exerts its function in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfeng Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting He
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xialin Du
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuling Fu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalong Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuxuan Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Silin Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinshu Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinying Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoying Zhou
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhong
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Li Ma
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Immunology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Cinici E, Cetin N, Suleyman B, Altuner D, Yarali O, Balta H, Calik I, Tumkaya L, Suleyman H. Gene expression and histopathological evaluation of thiamine pyrophosphate on optic neuropathy induced with ethambutol in rats. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1390-1395. [PMID: 27803853 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.10.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and thiamine (TM) in oxidative optic neuropathy in rats induced by ethambutol. METHODS The animals were divided into four groups: a control group (CG), an ethambutol control (ETC) group, TM plus ethambutol group (TMG), and TPP plus ethambutol group (TPPG). One hour after intraperitoneal administration of TM 20 mg/kg to the TMG group and TPP 20 mg/kg to TPPG group, 30 mg/kg ethambutol was given via gavage to all the groups but the CG. This procedure was repeated once daily for 90d. After that period, all rats were exposed to high levels of anaesthesia in order to investigate the gene expression of malondialdehyde and glutathione in removed optic nerve tissue and histopathologically to examine these tissues. RESULTS Malondialdehyde gene expression significantly increased, whereas glutathione gene expression significantly decreased in the ETC group compared to the CG. TM could not prevent the increase of malondialdehyde gene expression and the decrease of glutathione, while TPP significantly could suppress. Histopathologically, significant vacuolization in the optic nerve, single-cell necrosis in the glial cells, and a decrease in oligodendrocytes were observed in the ETC group. Vacuolization in the optic nerve, a decrease in oligodendrocytes and single-cell necrosis were found in the TMG group, while no pathological finding was observed in the TPPG group except for mild vacuolization. CONCLUSION TPP protects the optic nerve against the ethambutol-induced toxicity but TM does not. TPP can be beneficial in prophilaxis of optic neuropathy in ethambutol therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Cinici
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erzurum Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
| | - Nihal Cetin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Bahadir Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Durdu Altuner
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Yarali
- Department of Medical Genetics, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul 34730, Turkey
| | - Hilal Balta
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Calik
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Region Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum 25100, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize 53100, Turkey
| | - Halis Suleyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, Erzincan 24030, Turkey
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