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Adnan S, Xiao J. A scoping review on the trends of digital anatomy education. Clin Anat 2023; 36:471-491. [PMID: 36583721 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Digital technologies are changing the landscape of anatomy education. To reveal the trend of digital anatomy education across medical science disciplines, searches were performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE bibliographic databases for research articles published from January 2010 to June 2021 (inclusive). The search was restricted to publications written in English language and to articles describing teaching tools in undergraduate and postgraduate anatomy and pre-vocational clinical anatomy training courses. Among 156 included studies across six health disciplines, 35% used three-dimensional (3D) digital printing tools, 24.2% augmented reality (AR), 22.3% virtual reality (VR), 11.5% web-based programs, and 4.5% tablet-based apps. There was a clear discipline-dependent preference in the choice and employment of digital anatomy education. AR and VR were the more commonly adopted digital tools for medical and surgical anatomy education, while 3D printing is more broadly used for nursing, allied health and dental health education compared to other digital resources. Digital modalities were predominantly adopted for applied interactive anatomy education and primarily in advanced anatomy curricula such as regional anatomy and neuroanatomy. Moreover, there was a steep increase in VR anatomy combining digital simulation for surgical anatomy training. There is a consistent increase in the adoption of digital modalities in anatomy education across all included health disciplines. AR and VR anatomy incorporating digital simulation will play a more prominent role in medical education of the future. Combining multimodal digital resources that supports blended and interactive learning will further modernize anatomy education, moving medical education further away from its didactic history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmeen Adnan
- Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Junhua Xiao
- Department of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.,School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
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Digital 2D, 2.5D and 3D Methods for Adding Photo-Realistic Textures to 3D Facial Depictions of People from the Past. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1356:245-280. [PMID: 35146625 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-87779-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Facial reconstruction is a technique that can be used to estimate individual faces from human skulls. The presentation of 3D facial reconstructions as photo-realistic depictions of people from the past to public audiences varies widely due to differing methods, the artists' CGI skillset, and access to VFX software required to generate plausible faces.This chapter describes three digital methods for the addition of realistic textures to 3D facial reconstructions; a 2D photo-composite method, a 3D digital painting and rendering method, and a previously undescribed hybrid 2.5D method.These methods are compared and discussed in relation to artistic proficiency, morphological accuracy and practitioner bias.
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Roughley M. Pores, Pimples and Pathologies: 3D Capture and Detailing of the Human Skin for 3D Medical Visualisation and Fabrication. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1260:141-160. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-47483-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Roughley MA, Wilkinson CM. The Affordances of 3D and 4D Digital Technologies for Computerized Facial Depiction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1138:87-101. [PMID: 31313260 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14227-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
3D digital technologies have advanced rapidly over recent decades and they can now afford new ways of interacting with anatomical and cultural artefacts. Such technologies allow for interactive investigation of visible or non-observable surfaces, haptic generation of content and tactile experiences with digital and physical representations. These interactions and technical advances often facilitate the generation of new knowledge through interdisciplinary and sympathetic approaches.Scientific and public understanding of anatomy are often enhanced by clinical imaging technologies, 3D surface scanning techniques, 3D haptic modelling methods and 3D fabrication systems. These digital and haptic technologies are seen as non-invasive and allow scientists, artists and the public to become active investigators in the visualisation of, and interaction with, human anatomy, remains and histories.Face Lab is a Liverpool John Moores University research group that focuses on creative digital face research; specifically the further development of a 3D computerized craniofacial depiction system, utilizing 3D digital technologies in facial analysis and identification of human remains for forensic investigation, or historical figures for archaeological interpretation.This chapter explores the affordances of such interactions for the non-destructive production of craniofacial depiction, through a case-study based exploration of Face Lab workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Roughley
- Liverpool School of Art and Design, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Caroline M Wilkinson
- Liverpool School of Art and Design, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Chepelev L, Wake N, Ryan J, Althobaity W, Gupta A, Arribas E, Santiago L, Ballard DH, Wang KC, Weadock W, Ionita CN, Mitsouras D, Morris J, Matsumoto J, Christensen A, Liacouras P, Rybicki FJ, Sheikh A. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) 3D printing Special Interest Group (SIG): guidelines for medical 3D printing and appropriateness for clinical scenarios. 3D Print Med 2018; 4:11. [PMID: 30649688 PMCID: PMC6251945 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-018-0030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical three-dimensional (3D) printing has expanded dramatically over the past three decades with growth in both facility adoption and the variety of medical applications. Consideration for each step required to create accurate 3D printed models from medical imaging data impacts patient care and management. In this paper, a writing group representing the Radiological Society of North America Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (SIG) provides recommendations that have been vetted and voted on by the SIG active membership. This body of work includes appropriate clinical use of anatomic models 3D printed for diagnostic use in the care of patients with specific medical conditions. The recommendations provide guidance for approaches and tools in medical 3D printing, from image acquisition, segmentation of the desired anatomy intended for 3D printing, creation of a 3D-printable model, and post-processing of 3D printed anatomic models for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Chepelev
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Nicole Wake
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
- Sackler Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | | | - Waleed Althobaity
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Elsa Arribas
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Lumarie Santiago
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - David H Ballard
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO USA
| | - Kenneth C Wang
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - William Weadock
- Department of Radiology and Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Ciprian N Ionita
- Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Dimitrios Mitsouras
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | | | | | - Andy Christensen
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Peter Liacouras
- 3D Medical Applications Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Frank J Rybicki
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Adnan Sheikh
- Department of Radiology and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
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