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Ghirigato E, Terenzi F, Baglivo M, Zanetti N, Baldo F, Murru FM, Bobbo M, Barbi E, Zeviani M, Bruno I, Lamantea E. A new family with a case of severe early-onset muscle fatigue and a peculiar maternally inherited painful swelling in chewing muscles associated with homoplasmic m.15992A>T mutation in mitochondrial tRNA Pro. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:972-977. [PMID: 38030461 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
A 16-year-old boy was evaluated for a history of exercise-induced fatigability associated with nausea even after minimal effort, lower limbs muscle hypotrophy, and swelling of the masseter muscles after chewing. Laboratory tests were remarkable for hyperlactatemia and metabolic acidosis after short physical activity. The muscle biopsy showed non-specific mitochondrial alterations and an increase in intrafibral lipids. Biochemical analysis showed reduced activity of the respiratory chain complexes. Mitochondrial DNA sequencing revealed the presence of a homoplasmic variant m.15992A>T in the MT-TP gene, coding for the mt-tRNAPro in the patient, in his mother and in his brother. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in MT-TP gene are rare. They are responsible for different clinical presentation, almost ever involving the muscle tissue. We report the first family with exercise-induced muscle weakness and swelling of the chewing muscles due to m.15992A>T variant in absence of J1c10 haplogroup, confirming its pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mirko Baglivo
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zanetti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Baldo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Flora Maria Murru
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Bobbo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Egidio Barbi
- University of Trieste, Italy; Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Irene Bruno
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lamantea
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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The Evolutionary Dynamics of the Mitochondrial tRNA in the Cichlid Fish Family. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101522. [PMID: 36290425 PMCID: PMC9598224 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cichlids are a unique example of fish diversity and species richness which have been explained by sympatric speciation at different freshwater sources in Africa. The mitochondria contribute to cell vitality by providing energy. It contains a circular genome with an established translation system that is spatially independent of the cytosolic counterpart. The current study aimed to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of the mitochondrial tRNA and its role in cichlids’ diversity. The available cichlid mitogenomes in the public database were filtered, in addition to newly sequenced accessions from a specific cichlid group known as the haplotilapiine lineage that is widely distributed in the Egyptian sector of the Nile River. Based on the comparative analysis of mitogenomic data, we identified 22 tRNA genes, in which a single gene was D-armless, while the cloverleaf secondary structure subdivided into stem-loop formations was predicted and used to define the levels of genetic divergence for the remained tRNAs. Peculiarly, in cichlids, the formation known as “T-arm” showed the lowest polymorphism levels among other structures in contrast to other organisms (e.g., scorpions). Comparing the whole family to the specific haplotilapiine lineage showed that the tryptophan tRNA was the most conserved tRNA, with signatures of possible purifying selection. Abstract The mitochondrial transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) attract more attention due to their highly dynamic and rapidly evolving nature. The current study aimed to detect and evaluate the dynamics, characteristic patterns, and variations of mitochondrial tRNAs. The study was conducted in two main parts: first, the published mitogenomic sequences of cichlids mt tRNAs have been filtered. Second, the filtered mitochondrial tRNA and additional new mitogenomes representing the most prevalent Egyptian tilapiine were compared and analyzed. Our results revealed that all 22 tRNAs of cichlids folded into a classical cloverleaf secondary structure with four domains, except for trnSGCU, missing the D domain in all cichlids. When consensus tRNAs were compared, most of the mutations were observed in the trnP at nucleotide levels (substitutions and indels), in contrast to trnLUAA. From a structural perspective, the anticodon loop and T-loop formations were the most conserved structures among all parts of the tRNA in contrast to the A-stem and D-loop formations. The trnW was the lowest polymorphic unneutral tRNA among all cichlids (both the family and the haplotilapiine lineage), in contrast with the neutral trnD that was extremely polymorphic among and within the haplotilapiine lineage species compared to other cichlids species. From a phylogenetic perspective, the trnC was extremely hypervariable and neutral tRNA in both haplotilapiine lineage and cichlids but was unable to report correct phylogenetic signal for the cichlids. In contrast to trnI and trnY, less variable neutral tRNAs that were able to cluster the haplotilapiine lineage and cichlids species as previously reported. By observing the DNA polymorphism in the coding DNA sequences (CDS), the highest affected amino acid by non-synonymous mutations was isoleucine and was equally mutated to valine and vice versa; no correlation between mutations in CDS and tRNAs was statistically found. The current study provides an insight into the mitochondrial tRNA evolution and its effect on the cichlid diversity and speciation model at the maternal level.
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Joshi PR, Baty K, Hopton S, Cordts I, Falkous G, Schoser B, Blakely EL, Taylor RW, Deschauer M. Progressive external ophthalmoplegia due to a recurrent de novo m.15990C>T MT-TP (mt-tRNA Pro) gene variant. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:346-350. [PMID: 32305257 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Progressive external ophthalmoplegia is typically associated with single or multiple mtDNA deletions but occasionally mtDNA single nucleotide variants within mitochondrial transfer RNAs (mt-tRNAs) are identified. We report a 34-year-old female sporadic patient with progressive external ophthalmoplegia accompanied by exercise intolerance but neither fixed weakness nor multisystemic involvement. Histopathologically, abundant COX-deficient fibres were present in muscle with immunofluorescence analysis confirming the loss of mitochondrial complex I and IV proteins. Molecular genetic analysis identified a rare heteroplasmic m.15990C>T mt-tRNAPro variant reported previously in a single patient with childhood-onset myopathy. The variant in our patient was restricted to muscle. Single muscle fibre analysis identified higher heteroplasmy load in COX-deficient fibres than COX-normal fibres, confirming segregation of high heteroplasmic load with a biochemical defect. Our case highlights the phenotypic variability typically observed with pathogenic mt-tRNA mutations, whilst the identification of a second case with the m.15990C>T mutation not only confirms pathogenicity but shows that de novo mt-tRNA point mutations can arise in multiple, unrelated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Raj Joshi
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Karen Baty
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sila Hopton
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Isabell Cordts
- Department of Neurology, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Gavin Falkous
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emma L Blakely
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; NHS Highly Specialised Mitochondrial Diagnostic Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Deschauer
- Department of Neurology, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
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The role of control region mitochondrial DNA mutations in cardiovascular disease: stroke and myocardial infarction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2766. [PMID: 32066781 PMCID: PMC7026394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies associated certain type of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with specific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects, mainly driven by the central role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism. Considering the importance of the control region (CR) on the regulation of the mtDNA gene expression, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mtDNA CR mutations in two CVDs: stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). MtDNA CR mutations (both fixed and in heteroplasmy) were analysed in two demographically-matched case-control samples, using 154 stroke cases, 211 MI cases and their corresponding control individuals. Significant differences were found, reporting mutations m.16145 G > A and m.16311 T > C as potential genetic risk factors for stroke (conditional logistic regression: p = 0.038 and p = 0.018, respectively), whereas the m.72 T > C, m.73 A > G and m.16356 T > C mutations could act as possible beneficial genetic factors for MI (conditional logistic regression: p = 0.001, p = 0.009 and p = 0.016, respectively). Furthermore, our findings also showed a high percentage of point heteroplasmy in MI controls (logistic regression: p = 0.046; OR = 0.209, 95% CI [0.045-0.972]). These results demonstrate the possible role of mtDNA mutations in the CR on the pathogenesis of stroke and MI, and show the importance of including this regulatory region in genetic association studies.
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Interpretation of mitochondrial tRNA variants. Genet Med 2020; 22:917-926. [PMID: 31965079 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop criteria to interpret mitochondrial transfer RNA (mt-tRNA) variants based on unique characteristics of mitochondrial genetics and conserved structural/functional properties of tRNA. METHODS We developed rules on a set of established pathogenic/benign variants by examining heteroplasmy correlations with phenotype, tissue distribution, family members, and among unrelated families from published literature. We validated these deduced rules using our new cases and applied them to classify novel variants. RESULTS Evaluation of previously reported pathogenic variants found that 80.6% had sufficient evidence to support phenotypic correlation with heteroplasmy levels among and within families. The remaining variants were downgraded due to the lack of similar evidence. Application of the verified criteria resulted in rescoring 80.8% of reported variants of uncertain significance (VUS) to benign and likely benign. Among 97 novel variants, none met pathogenic criteria. A large proportion of novel variants (84.5%) remained as VUS, while only 10.3% were likely pathogenic. Detection of these novel variants in additional individuals would facilitate their classification. CONCLUSION Proper interpretation of mt-tRNA variants is crucial for accurate clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling. Correlations with tissue distribution, heteroplasmy levels, predicted perturbations to tRNA structure, and phenotypes provide important evidence for determining the clinical significance of mt-tRNA variants.
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Poulton J, Finsterer J, Yu-Wai-Man P. Genetic Counselling for Maternally Inherited Mitochondrial Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2018; 21:419-429. [PMID: 28536827 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-017-0279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to provide an evidence-based approach to frequently asked questions relating to the risk of transmitting a maternally inherited mitochondrial disorder (MID). We do not address disorders linked with disturbed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance, causing mtDNA depletion or multiple mtDNA deletions, as these are autosomally inherited. The review addresses questions regarding prognosis, recurrence risks and the strategies available to prevent disease transmission. The clinical and genetic complexity of maternally inherited MIDs represent a major challenge for patients, their relatives and health professionals. Since many of the genetic and pathophysiological aspects of MIDs remain unknown, counselling of affected patients and at-risk family members remains difficult. MtDNA mutations are maternally transmitted or, more rarely, they are sporadic, occurring de novo (~25%). Females carrying homoplasmic mtDNA mutations will transmit the mutant species to all of their offspring, who may or may not exhibit a similar phenotype depending on modifying, secondary factors. Females carrying heteroplasmic mtDNA mutations will transmit a variable amount of mutant mtDNA to their offspring, which can result in considerable phenotypic heterogeneity among siblings. The majority of mtDNA rearrangements, such as single large-scale deletions, are sporadic, but there is a small risk of recurrence (~4%) among the offspring of affected women. The range and suitability of reproductive choices for prospective mothers is a complex area of mitochondrial medicine that needs to be managed by experienced healthcare professionals as part of a multidisciplinary team. Genetic counselling is facilitated by the identification of the underlying causative genetic defect. To provide more precise genetic counselling, further research is needed to clarify the secondary factors that account for the variable penetrance and the often marked differential expressivity of pathogenic mtDNA mutations both within and between families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Poulton
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Postfach 20, 1180, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Patrick Yu-Wai-Man
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle Eye Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Finsterer J, Zarrouk-Mahjoub S. Mitochondrial disorders due to tRNA(Pro) mutations. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 27:791. [PMID: 28554555 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria.
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Finsterer J, Zarrouk-Mahjoub S. Mitochondrial multiorgan disorder syndrome score generated from definite mitochondrial disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:2569-2579. [PMID: 29062232 PMCID: PMC5638572 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s149067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) frequently present as mitochondrial multiorgan disorder syndrome (MIMODS) at onset or evolve into MIMODS during the course. This study aimed to find which organs and/or tissues are most frequently affected by MIMODS, which are the most frequent abnormalities within an affected organ, whether there are typical MIMODS patterns, and to generate an MIMODS score to assess the diagnostic probability for an MID. METHODS This is a retrospective evaluation of clinical, biochemical, and genetic investigations of adult patients with definite MIDs. A total of 36 definite MID patients, 19 men and 17 women, aged 29-82 years were included in this study. The diagnosis was based on genetic testing (n=21), on biochemical investigations (n=17), or on both (n=2). RESULTS The number of organs most frequently affected was 4 ranging from 1 to 9. MIMODS was diagnosed in 97% of patients. The organs most frequently affected were the muscle (97%), central nervous system (CNS; 72%), endocrine glands (69%), heart (58%), intestines (55%), and peripheral nerves (50%). The most frequent CNS abnormalities were leukoencephalopathy, prolonged visually evoked potentials, and atrophy. The most frequent endocrine abnormalities included thyroid dysfunction, short stature, and diabetes. The most frequent cardiac abnormalities included arrhythmias, systolic dysfunction, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The most frequent MIMODS patterns were encephalomyopathy, encephalo-myo-endocrinopathy, and encepalo-myo-endocrino-cardiopathy. The mean ± 2SD MIMODS score was 35.97±27.6 (range =11-71). An MIMODS score >10 was regarded as indicative of an MID. CONCLUSION Adult MIDs manifest as MIMODS in the vast majority of the cases. The organs most frequently affected in MIMODS are muscles, CNS, endocrine glands, and heart. An MIMODS score >10 suggests an MID.
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Mkaouar-Rebai E, Felhi R, Tabebi M, Alila-Fersi O, Chamkha I, Maalej M, Ammar M, Kammoun F, Keskes L, Hachicha M, Fakhfakh F. Mitochondrial DNA triplication and punctual mutations in patients with mitochondrial neuromuscular disorders. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:578-85. [PMID: 27033601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by the impairment of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system which have been associated with various mutations of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear gene mutations. The clinical phenotypes are very diverse and the spectrum is still expanding. As brain and muscle are highly dependent on OXPHOS, consequently, neurological disorders and myopathy are common features of mtDNA mutations. Mutations in mtDNA can be classified into three categories: large-scale rearrangements, point mutations in tRNA or rRNA genes and point mutations in protein coding genes. In the present report, we screened mitochondrial genes of complex I, III, IV and V in 2 patients with mitochondrial neuromuscular disorders. The results showed the presence the pathogenic heteroplasmic m.9157G>A variation (A211T) in the MT-ATP6 gene in the first patient. We also reported the first case of triplication of 9 bp in the mitochondrial NC7 region in Africa and Tunisia, in association with the novel m.14924T>C in the MT-CYB gene in the second patient with mitochondrial neuromuscular disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emna Mkaouar-Rebai
- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Rahma Felhi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Tabebi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Alila-Fersi
- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Chamkha
- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Maalej
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Ammar
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Kammoun
- Service de pédiatrie, C.H.U. Hedi Chaker de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Keskes
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Département des Sciences de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia.
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Guillen Sacoto MJ, Chapman KA, Heath D, Seprish MB, Zand DJ. An uncommon clinical presentation of relapsing dilated cardiomyopathy with identification of sequence variations in MYNPC3, KCNH2 and mitochondrial tRNA cysteine. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 3:47-54. [PMID: 26937396 PMCID: PMC4750614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a young girl with dilated cardiomyopathy, long QT syndrome, and possible energy deficiency. Two major sequence changes were identified by whole exome sequencing (WES) and mitochondrial DNA analysis that were interpreted as potentially causative. Changes were identified in the KCNH2 gene and mitochondrial tRNA for cysteine. A variation was also seen in MYPBC3. Since the launch of WES as a clinically available technology in 2010, there has been concern regarding the identification of variants unrelated to the patient's phenotype. However, in cases where targeted sequencing fails to explain the clinical presentation, the underlying etiology could be more complex than anticipated. In this situation, the extensive reach of this tool helped explain both her phenotype and family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Guillen Sacoto
- Medical Genetics Training Program, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC 3717 Room 1B207, Bethesda, MD 20892-3717, USA
| | - Kimberly A Chapman
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, N.W., Washington D.C. 20010, USA
| | - Deneen Heath
- Department of Cardiology, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, N.W., Washington D.C. 20010, USA
| | - Mary Beth Seprish
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, N.W., Washington D.C. 20010, USA
| | - Dina J Zand
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue, N.W., Washington D.C. 20010, USA
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Brunel-Guitton C, Levtova A, Sasarman F. Mitochondrial Diseases and Cardiomyopathies. Can J Cardiol 2015; 31:1360-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Zhang S, He Z, Wang J, Wang L, Wu Y, Wang J, Lv T, Liu H. Mitochondrial Ultrastructural Alterations and Declined M2 Receptor Density Were Involved in Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats after Long Term Treatment with Autoantibodies against M2 Muscarinic Receptor. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129563. [PMID: 26086781 PMCID: PMC4472961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies showed that autoantibodies (M2-AA) against the second extracellular loop of M2 muscarinic receptor (M2AChR-el2) from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) serum could induce DCM-like morphological changes in mice hearts. However, the effects of M2-AA on the cardiac function during the process of DCM and the potential mechanisms are not fully known. The present study was designed to dynamically observe the cardiac function, mitochondrial changes, and M2 receptor binding characteristics in rats long-term stimulated with M2-AA in vivo. Methods M2-AA-positive model was established by actively immunizing healthy male Wistar rats with synthetic M2AChR-el2 peptide for 18 months. Meanwhile, vehicle group rats were administrated with physiological saline. The change of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was detected by radionuclide imaging. The ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed under electron microscopy. The M2 receptor binding characteristics were determined by radioactive ligand binding assay. Results After immunization for 12 months, compared with vehicle group, M2AChR-el2-immunized rats showed decreased myocardial contractility and cardiac diastolic function evidenced by declined maximal rate of rise of ventricular pressure and increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, respectively. Additionally, mitochondrial swelling and vacuolation were observed. At 18 months, M2AChR-el2-immunized rats manifested significant decreased cardiac systolic and diastolic function and pathological changes such as enlargement of right ventricular cavity and wall thinning; and the mitochondrial damage was aggravated. Furthermore, the M2 receptor maximum binding capacity (Bmax) of the M2AChR-el2-immunized rats significantly decreased, while the M2 receptor dissociation constant (Kd) was increased. Conclusions Our study suggested that long-term stimulation with M2-AA leaded to the ventricular dilatation and gradual deterioration of cardiac dysfunction. Mitochondrial damage and the down-regulation of M2 receptor density and affinity may be involved in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmei He
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Wang J, Lin F, Guo LL, Xiong XJ, Fan X. Cardiovascular Disease, Mitochondria, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:143145. [PMID: 26074984 PMCID: PMC4449907 DOI: 10.1155/2015/143145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that mitochondria play an important role in the cardiovascular system and mutations of mitochondrial DNA affect coronary artery disease, resulting in hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years to treat cardiovascular disease, but it is not yet clear how TCM affects mitochondrial function. By reviewing the interactions between the cardiovascular system, mitochondrial DNA, and TCM, we show that cardiovascular disease is negatively affected by mutations in mitochondrial DNA and that TCM can be used to treat cardiovascular disease by regulating the structure and function of mitochondria via increases in mitochondrial electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, modulation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, and decreases in mitochondrial ROS. However further research is still required to identify the mechanism by which TCM affects CVD and modifies mitochondrial DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Li-li Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xing-jiang Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xun Fan
- Clinical Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
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