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Mahmoud MM, Yacoub HA. Characterization of transcription profile and structural properties of avian NK-lysin. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3793-3806. [PMID: 32731965 PMCID: PMC7597936 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the transcription profile of NK-lysin gene in native chickens. Moreover, it was targeted toward determining the primary, three-dimensional, and molecular dynamic structures of NK-lysin and granulysin peptides to understand their mode of action and intracellular transduction pathways using in silico analysis. The results revealed that NK-lysin gene in native chickens and Gallus gallus were closely related to those of other avian species. However, there was a low sequence homology when aligned with the mammalian peptides. The coding region of NK-lysin peptide in native chickens encoded 140 amino acids as found in G. gallus with a homology of 98% that declined to 20%, particularly in mammalian species. The results revealed that the NK-lysin in native chickens was closely related to that in avian species at a range of 71-76%. However, it was different from that of other mammalians in terms of nucleotide and amino acid identities. The mRNA transcripts of NK-lysin had high and moderate expression levels in the testis and pancreas, respectively. Nonetheless, the small intestine, kidney, spleen, and liver had a low expression level. The NK-lysin peptides contained more than 50% of the total AA with a nonpolar feature, whereas polar AA constituted up to 30% of AA. The results also indicated that the hydrophilic regions and positively charged amino acids were predominant on the surface of the investigated peptides. The NK-lysin was folded in 4-5 helical units and 3-4 loop structures in their saposin domain. The third helical peptide was long in both avian and bovine species (104-123 residues). However, the fourth helical peptide was short in humans, pigs, and chimpanzees (101-123, 104-123, and 102-124 residues, respectively), with the helical unit residues of 95-97, 96-99, and 96-98, respectively. The obtained results can be helpful in developing novel approaches that could be used as alternatives or adjuncts to the existing means of control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged M Mahmoud
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Human Genetics Division and Genome Research, Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haitham A Yacoub
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Gizza 12622, Egypt.
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Yacoub HA, Sadek MA, Uversky VN. On the potential of using peculiarities of the protein intrinsic disorder distribution in mitochondrial cytochrome b to identify the source of animal meats. INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED PROTEINS 2017; 5:e1264350. [PMID: 28331777 PMCID: PMC5351768 DOI: 10.1080/21690707.2016.1264350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the source of animal meat based on the peculiarities of protein intrinsic disorder distribution in mitochondrial cytochrome b (mtCyt-b). The analysis revealed that animal and avian species can be discriminated based on the proportions of the two groups of residues, Leu+Ile, and Ser+Pro+Ala, in the amino acid sequences of their mtCyt-b. Although levels of the overall intrinsic disorder in mtCyt-b is not very high, the peculiarities of disorder distribution within the sequences of mtCyt-b from different species varies in a rather specific way. In fact, positions and intensities of disorder/flexibility "signals" in the corresponding disorder profiles are relatively unique for avian and animal species. Therefore, it is possible to devise a set of simple rules based on the peculiarities of disorder profiles of their mtCyt-b proteins to discriminate among species. This intrinsic disorder-based analysis represents a new technique that could be used to provide a promising solution for identification of the source of meats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A. Yacoub
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Gizza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Sadek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- EgyBlood, Vacsera, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Yacoub HA, Elazzazy AM, Mahmoud MM, Baeshen MN, Al-Maghrabi OA, Alkarim S, Ahmed ES, Almehdar HA, Uversky VN. Chicken cathelicidins as potent intrinsically disordered biocides with antimicrobial activity against infectious pathogens. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 65:8-24. [PMID: 27328070 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to identify the expression patterns of the cathelicidin genes in a local chicken breed and to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of the cathelicidin peptides against pathogenic bacteria. This analysis revealed that the coding regions of CATH-1, -2, and -3 genes contain 447 bp, 465 bp, and 456 bp, respectively, and encode proteins of 148, 154, 151 amino acids, respectively. The complete amino acid sequences of the cathelicidin peptides are similar to those found in Meleagris gallopavo, Phasianus colchicus, and Coturnix coturnix, and show high sequence identity to their Columba livia and Anas platyrhynchos counterparts. In contrast, these avian peptides shared a very low sequence identity with the mammalian cathelicidins. The analysis further revealed that the cathelicidin genes are expressed in various organ and tissues. We also show that the CATH peptides 1, 2, 3 and their amide-modified structures possess potent antimicrobial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, with these bacteria being affected to different extents. The antimicrobial activities of the peptides are slightly lower than those of their amide analogs. Computational analysis revealed that pre-pro-cathelicidins are hybrid proteins that contain ordered domains and functional intrinsically disordered regions. Furthermore, high structural and sequence variability of mature cathelicidins is a strong indication of their rather disordered nature. It is likely that intrinsic disorder is needed for the multifarious functionality of these antimicrobial peptides. Our analyses indicated that cathelicidin peptides require further study to better understand their full potentials in the treatment of diseases in both humans and animals. The data obtained for synthetic avian peptides will help elucidating of their potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A Yacoub
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Gizza, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Elazzazy
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Division of Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Gizza, Egypt.
| | - Maged M Mahmoud
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, Davison of Human Genetics and Genome Research, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Gizza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nabih Baeshen
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Al-Maghrabi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alkarim
- Embryonic Stem Cell Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ekram S Ahmed
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Gizza, Egypt
| | - Hussein A Almehdar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Yacoub HA, Sadek MA. Identification of fraud (with pig stuffs) in chicken-processed meat through information of mitochondrial cytochrome b. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 28:855-859. [DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2016.1197220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A. Yacoub
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Gizza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Sadek
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- EgyBlood, Vacsera, Cairo, Egypt
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