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Chou YL, Wang YT, Cheng LH, Liu SC, Wang HW. Efficacy of levocetirizine in isolated rat tracheal smooth muscle. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:1671-1678. [PMID: 37928871 PMCID: PMC10620866 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.86769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine receptor-1 (H1) antagonists like levocetirizine are frequently used nowadays to treat rhinitis patients who experience rhinorrhea and sneezing. The trachea may be affected by the H1 antagonist when it is used to treat nasal symptoms, either orally or through inhalation. The purpose of this study was to ascertain in vitro effects of levocetirizine on isolated tracheal smooth muscle. As a parasympathetic mimetic, methacholine (10-6 M) causes contractions in tracheal smooth muscle, which is how we tested effectiveness of levocetirizine on isolated rat tracheal smooth muscle. We also tested the drug's impact on electrically induced tracheal smooth muscle contractions. The impact of menthol (either before or after) on the contraction brought on by 10-6 M methacholine was also investigated. According to the results, the addition of levocetirizine at concentrations of 10-5 M or more caused a slight relaxation in response to methacholine's 10-6 M contraction. Levocetirizine could prevent spike contraction brought on by electrical field stimulation (EFS). As the concentration rose, it alone had a neglect effect on the trachea's basal tension. Before menthol was applied, levocetirizine might have also inhibited the function of the cold receptor. According to this study, levocetirizine might potentially impede the parasympathetic function of the trachea. If levocetirizine was used prior to menthol addition, it also reduced the function of cold receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Liang Chou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Radical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yueh-Ting Wang
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li-Hsiang Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shao-Cheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsing-Won Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- The Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine and Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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2
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Charoo NA, Abdallah DB, Ahmed DT, Abrahamsson B, Cristofoletti R, Langguth P, Mehta M, Parr A, Polli JE, Shah VP, Kambayashi A, Dressman J. Biowaiver Monograph for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:893-903. [PMID: 36581104 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Levocetirizine, a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, is prescribed to treat uncomplicated skin rashes associated with chronic idiopathic urticaria as well as the symptoms of both seasonal and continual allergic rhinitis. In this monograph, the practicality of using Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) based methodologies as a substitute for pharmacokinetic studies in human volunteers to appraise the bioequivalence of immediate-release (IR) oral, solid dosage forms containing levocetirizine dihydrochloride was investigated, using data from the literature and in-house testing. Levocetirizine's solubility and permeability properties, as well as its dissolution from commercial products, its therapeutic uses, therapeutic index, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic traits, were reviewed in accordance with the BCS, along with any reports in the literature about failure to meet bioequivalence (BE) requirements, bioavailability issues, drug-excipient interactions as well as other relevant information. The data presented in this monograph unequivocally point to classification of levocetirizine in BCS Class 1. For products that are somewhat supra-equivalent or somewhat sub-equivalent, clinical risks are expected to be insignificant in light of levocetirizine's wide therapeutic index and unlikelihood of severe adverse effects. After careful consideration of all the information available, it was concluded that the BCS-based biowaiver can be implemented for products which contain levocetirizine dihydrochloride, provided (a) the test product comprises excipients that are typically found in IR oral, solid drug products that have been approved by a country belonging to or associated with ICH and are used in quantities that are typical for such products, (b) data supporting the BCS-based biowaiver are gathered using ICH-recommended methods, and (c) all in vitro dissolution requirements specified in the ICH guidance are met by both the test and comparator products (in this case, the comparator is the innovator product).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem A Charoo
- Adcan Pharma LLC, Industrial City of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daud B Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Daoud T Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Bertil Abrahamsson
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Cristofoletti
- Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Peter Langguth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mehul Mehta
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Alan Parr
- Bioceutics LCC, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
| | - James E Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vinod P Shah
- International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Atsushi Kambayashi
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc, Analytical Research Laboratories, Yaizu, Japan
| | - Jennifer Dressman
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Ino H, Shiramoto M, Eto T, Haranaka M, Irie S, Terao T, Ogura H, Wakamatsu A, Hoyano K, Nakano A. Levocetirizine Oral Disintegrating Tablet: A Randomized Open-Label Crossover Bioequivalence Study in Healthy Japanese Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2020; 9:805-812. [PMID: 32196954 PMCID: PMC7586835 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Levocetirizine is classified as a second‐generation antihistamine. Levocetirizine is available for the treatment of allergic disorders such as allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. This was a single‐center, single‐dose, open‐label, randomized, 2‐way crossover study in healthy Japanese male subjects consisting of 2 parts. Part 1 compared the bioavailability of levocetirizine oral disintegrating tablet (ODT) and levocetirizine immediate‐release tablet (IRT) taken with water in the fasted state in 24 subjects; all subjects completed this part of the trial. In part 2, the bioavailability of levocetirizine ODT without water was compared with that of levocetirizine IRT with water in the fasted state in 48 subjects; 47 subjects completed this part of the trial. Bioequivalence was demonstrated between levocetirizine IRT 5 mg and ODT 5 mg. The safety profiles were generally similar between levocetirizine ODT and levocetirizine IRT, with no serious adverse events, deaths, or adverse events leading to withdrawal reported during the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Ino
- Clinical Pharmacology Office, Japan Development Division, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Shin Irie
- Souseikai Hakata Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Terao
- Biomedical Data Sciences Department, Japan Development Division, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ogura
- Clinical Pharmacology Office, Japan Development Division, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Wakamatsu
- Pre-Clinical Development Department, Japan Development Division, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Hoyano
- Biomedical Data Sciences Department, Japan Development Division, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapeutic Office, Medicines Development, Japan Development, GlaxoSmithKline KK, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Marzouk MA, Darwish MK, Abd El-Fattah MA. Development of medicated chewing gum of taste masked levocetirizine dihydrochloride using different gum bases: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:395-402. [PMID: 31996053 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1724130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to develop medicated chewing gum (MCG) formulation for taste-masked levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LCZ) that can provide fast drug release into the salivary fluid.Methods: Taste-masked LCZ was first prepared by two methods: cyclodextrin complexation using Kleptose or Captisol and formation of drug resin complex using Kyron T-154 or Kyron T-314 to overcome poor LCZ palatability. MCGs were then prepared using the taste-masked drug, gum base (Artica-T, Chicle, or Health In Gum (HIG), plasticizer (glycerol or soy lecithin at 6 or 8% of the final gum weight). The developed MCGs were evaluated for physical properties, content uniformity, and drug release. Best release MCGs were evaluated thermally to investigate the plasticizer effectiveness and for ex vivo chew out study to confirm adequate drug release. Drug bioavailability was determined for selected formula compared to commercial tablets.Results: Based on taste-masking efficiency, drug/Kleptose complex (1:3 molar ratio) was chosen for incorporation into chewing gums. Physical properties and drug release showed that gum base type, plasticizer type, and level affected not only physical properties but also drug release from MCGs. Thermal study showed decreased glass transition temperature (Tg) with increased plasticizer level. Chew out study confirmed almost complete drug release after a few minutes of chewing. Pharmacokinetic results showed shorter tmax (0.585 vs. 1.375 h) and higher Cmax (0.113 vs. 0.0765 μg/mL) for MCGs than conventional tablets.Conclusion: Results provided evidence that MCGs could be a better alternative to conventional tablet formulations with improved bioavailability and enhanced palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Marzouk
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal K Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Cheng Y, Lin BJ, Guo JH, Huang BL, Fang LP, Que WC, Liu MB, Chen XF, Qiu HQ. The Effect Of Food On The Pharmacokinetic Properties And Bioequivalence Of Two Formulations Of Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride In Healthy Chinese Volunteers. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:3625-3634. [PMID: 31695330 PMCID: PMC6804673 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s215316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to assess the bioequivalence of a new generic formulation and the branded formulation of levocetirizine dihydrochloride in healthy Chinese volunteers under fasting and fed conditions, and food-intake effect on the pharmacokinetic properties is also evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Volunteers were randomly allocated into two groups to receive a single oral dose of generic formulation and branded formulation under fasting or fed conditions, respectively. Blood samples were collected at designated time points. Plasma concentrations of levocetirizine were determined by UFLC-MS/MS. Safety evaluations were carried out through the study. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the two formulations of levocetirizine were calculated using non-compartmental analysis incorporated in WinNonlin® 7.0 software. RESULTS Forty-nine volunteers were enrolled; 46 completed the studies. Under fasting and fed conditions, the 90% confidence intervals for the geometric mean of generic/branded ratios were in the range of 94.75-107.24% and 99.98-114.69% for the maximum observed concentration, and 97.13-102.50% and 98.36-103.98% for the area under the concentration-time curve. As a result of food intake before administration, the reduced rate and extent of absorption of levocetirizine were observed. Both formulations were generally well tolerated, with no serious adverse reactions reported. CONCLUSION The two formulations demonstrated essentially identical pharmacokinetic profiles and were all well within the FDA/CFDA bioequivalence standards. Meanwhile, food intake can delay the absorption rate and reduced the bioavailability of levocetirizine in healthy Chinese volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bi-Juan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hua Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin-Ping Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-Cai Que
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao-Bai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qiang Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou350001, People’s Republic of China
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350004, People’s Republic of China
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Weinberger M. Treating chronic spontaneous urticaria in children. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2018; 6:1806. [PMID: 30197074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miles Weinberger
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; University of California San Diego, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, Calif.
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Ben-Shoshan M, Grattan C. Reply. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2018; 6:1806-1808. [PMID: 30197075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Clive Grattan
- Norflok and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom; St John's Institute of Dermatology, London, United Kingdom
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