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Liu M, Wang S, Liang Y, Fan Y, Wang W. Genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in the type I interferon system (STAT4 and IRF5): association with Asian SLE patients. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:2403-2416. [PMID: 38963465 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-07046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease with a polymorphic clinical presentation involving multisystem damages with significant differences in prevalence and disease severity among different ethnic groups. Although genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors have been demonstrated to contribute a lot to SLE, the pathogenesis of SLE is still unknown. Numerous evidence revealed that gene variants within the type I interferons (IFN) signaling pathway performed the great genetic associations with autoimmune diseases including SLE. To date, through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genetic association studies showed that more than 100 susceptibility genes have been linked to the pathogenesis of SLE, among which TYK2, STAT1, STAT4, and IRF5 are important molecules directly connected to the type I interferon signaling system. The review summarized the genetic associations and the detailed risk loci of STAT4 and IRF5 with Asian SLE patients, explored the genotype distributions associated with the main clinical manifestations of SLE, and sorted out the potential reasons for the differences in susceptibility in Asia and Europe. Moreover, the therapies targeting STAT4 and IRF5 were also evaluated in order to propose more personalized and targeted treatment plans in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yujiao Liang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, China.
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Blekeris T, Gedvilaite G, Kaikaryte K, Kriauciuniene L, Zaliuniene D, Liutkevciene R. Association of STAT4 Gene Polymorphisms (rs10181656, rs7574865, rs7601754, rs10168266) and Serum STAT4 Levels in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Biomedicines 2023; 12:18. [PMID: 38275379 PMCID: PMC10813583 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative disease that affects the central part of the retina: the macula. AMD is the most common cause of central vision loss in industrialized countries. Increasing attention is being paid to the study of genetic factors that may influence the manifestation of AMD. STAT4 protein is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory processes, so we decided to investigate the association between STAT4 gene polymorphisms (rs10181656, rs7574865, rs7601754, and rs10168266) and age-related macular degeneration. PURPOSE To investigate the association between STAT4 (rs10181656, rs7574865, rs7601754, and rs10168266) gene polymorphisms and STAT4 serum levels in patients with age-related macular degeneration. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS The study included 150 individuals with early AMD, 150 individuals with exudative AMD, and 200 healthy subjects. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using the DNA salting-out method, and the genotyping was performed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. STAT4 serum levels were evaluated using the ELISA method. Statistical analysis was performed using "IBM SPSS "Statistics 29.0" software". RESULTS The study revealed no statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles for the STAT4 polymorphisms (rs10181656, rs7574865, rs7601754, and rs10168266) between patients with AMD and the control group. Similarly, a gender-based analysis did not yield any significant differences in the genotype or allele frequencies. Age group comparisons also showed no statistically significant variations in the presence of these STAT4 polymorphisms between AMD patients and the control group. However, notably, individuals with exudative AMD displayed lower levels of serum STAT4 in comparison to the control group (median (IQR): 0.118 (0.042) vs. 0.262 (0.385), p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Investigating STAT4 gene polymorphisms (rs10181656, rs7574865, rs7601754, and rs10168266) did not reveal a significant association with AMD. However, further analysis demonstrated intriguing findings regarding serum STAT4 levels. Exudative AMD patients with at least one G allele of the STAT4 rs10181656 exhibited significantly lower serum STAT4 levels than the control group subjects (p = 0.011). Similarly, those with at least one T allele of STAT4 rs10168266 had lower serum STAT4 levels compared to the control group subjects (p = 0.039). These results suggest a potential link between specific STAT4 genotypes and serum STAT4 levels in exudative AMD patients, shedding light on a novel aspect of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Blekeris
- Medical Faculty, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (T.B.); (K.K.)
| | - Greta Gedvilaite
- Medical Faculty, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (T.B.); (K.K.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (R.L.)
| | - Kriste Kaikaryte
- Medical Faculty, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (T.B.); (K.K.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (R.L.)
| | - Loresa Kriauciuniene
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (R.L.)
| | - Dalia Zaliuniene
- Ophthalmology Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Rasa Liutkevciene
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania (R.L.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Cytokines and Transgenic Matrix in Autoimmune Diseases: Similarities and Differences. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120559. [PMID: 33271810 PMCID: PMC7761121 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are increasingly recognized as disease entities in which dysregulated cytokines contribute to tissue-specific inflammation. In organ-specific and multiorgan autoimmune diseases, the cytokine profiles show some similarities. Despite these similarities, the cytokines have different roles in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Altered levels or action of cytokines can result from changes in cell signaling. This article describes alterations in the JAK-STAT, TGF-β and NF-κB signaling pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. There is a special focus on T cells in preclinical models and in patients afflicted with these chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Exploring the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus: a genetic perspective. Immunogenetics 2019; 71:283-297. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-019-01103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gupta V, Kumar S, Pratap A, Singh R, Kumari R, Kumar S, Aggarwal A, Misra R. Association of ITGAM, TNFSF4, TNFAIP3 and STAT4 gene polymorphisms with risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in a North Indian population. Lupus 2018; 27:1973-1979. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203318786432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several susceptibility genes have been associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) across different populations worldwide. However, data on association between genetic polymorphisms and SLE from Indian population is scarce. We aimed to replicate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ITGAM, TNFSF4, TNFAIP3 and STAT4 genes with susceptibility to SLE in a North Indian population. Three hundred and ninety-four SLE patients and 583 unrelated healthy controls of the same ethnic background were enrolled. All samples were genotyped for SNPs in ITGAM (rs1143679), TNFSF4 (rs2205960), TNFAIP3 (rs5029939) and STAT4 (rs7574865) using TaqMan genotyping assay. At allele level, significant association with susceptibility to SLE was detected with polymorphisms in ITGAM (A vs. G, odds ratio (OR) = 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30–2.30, p < 0.001), TNFSF4 (T vs. G, OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.08–1.64, p < 0.01), TNFAIP3 (G vs. C, OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.27–2.85, p < 0.01) and STAT4 (T vs. G, OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.13–1.69, p < 0.01). All four SNPs were associated with SLE under a dominant model with an OR of 1.47 (95% CI = 1.07–2.04, p < 0.05) for ITGAM, 1.30 (95% CI = 1.01–1.69, p < 0.05) for TNFSF4, 1.90 (95% CI = 1.25–2.90, p < 0.01) for TNFAIP3 and 1.38 (95% CI = 1.06–1.78, p < 0.05) for STAT4. Under a recessive model, significant association was found with ITGAM (OR = 4.87, 95% CI = 2.17–10.91, p < 0.001), TNFSF4 (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.13–3.00, p < 0.05) and STAT4 (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.19–2.77, p < 0.01). In conclusion, single nucleotide polymorphisms in ITGAM, TNFSF4, TNFAIP3 and STAT4 genes are associated with susceptibility to SLE in a North Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gupta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - S Kumar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Pratap
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - R Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Kumar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R Misra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Patel ZH, Lu X, Miller D, Forney CR, Lee J, Lynch A, Schroeder C, Parks L, Magnusen AF, Chen X, Pujato M, Maddox A, Zoller EE, Namjou B, Brunner HI, Henrickson M, Huggins JL, Williams AH, Ziegler JT, Comeau ME, Marion MC, Glenn SB, Adler A, Shen N, Nath SK, Stevens AM, Freedman BI, Pons-Estel BA, Tsao BP, Jacob CO, Kamen DL, Brown EE, Gilkeson GS, Alarcón GS, Martin J, Reveille JD, Anaya JM, James JA, Sivils KL, Criswell LA, Vilá LM, Petri M, Scofield RH, Kimberly RP, Edberg JC, Ramsey-Goldman R, Bang SY, Lee HS, Bae SC, Boackle SA, Cunninghame Graham D, Vyse TJ, Merrill JT, Niewold TB, Ainsworth HC, Silverman ED, Weisman MH, Wallace DJ, Raj P, Guthridge JM, Gaffney PM, Kelly JA, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, Langefeld CD, Wakeland EK, Kaufman KM, Weirauch MT, Harley JB, Kottyan LC. A plausibly causal functional lupus-associated risk variant in the STAT1-STAT4 locus. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:2392-2404. [PMID: 29912393 PMCID: PMC6005081 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus) (OMIM: 152700) is a chronic autoimmune disease with debilitating inflammation that affects multiple organ systems. The STAT1-STAT4 locus is one of the first and most highly replicated genetic loci associated with lupus risk. We performed a fine-mapping study to identify plausible causal variants within the STAT1-STAT4 locus associated with increased lupus disease risk. Using complementary frequentist and Bayesian approaches in trans-ancestral Discovery and Replication cohorts, we found one variant whose association with lupus risk is supported across ancestries in both the Discovery and Replication cohorts: rs11889341. In B cell lines from patients with lupus and healthy controls, the lupus risk allele of rs11889341 was associated with increased STAT1 expression. We demonstrated that the transcription factor HMGA1, a member of the HMG transcription factor family with an AT-hook DNA-binding domain, has enriched binding to the risk allele compared with the non-risk allele of rs11889341. We identified a genotype-dependent repressive element in the DNA within the intron of STAT4 surrounding rs11889341. Consistent with expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis, the lupus risk allele of rs11889341 decreased the activity of this putative repressor. Altogether, we present a plausible molecular mechanism for increased lupus risk at the STAT1-STAT4 locus in which the risk allele of rs11889341, the most probable causal variant, leads to elevated STAT1 expression in B cells due to decreased repressor activity mediated by increased binding of HMGA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubin H Patel
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Daniel Miller
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Carmy R Forney
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joshua Lee
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Arthur Lynch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Connor Schroeder
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lois Parks
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Albert F Magnusen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mario Pujato
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Avery Maddox
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Erin E Zoller
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Bahram Namjou
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Hermine I Brunner
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael Henrickson
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jennifer L Huggins
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Adrienne H Williams
- Center for Public Health Genomics and the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Julie T Ziegler
- Center for Public Health Genomics and the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Mary E Comeau
- Center for Public Health Genomics and the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Miranda C Marion
- Center for Public Health Genomics and the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Stuart B Glenn
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Adam Adler
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Nan Shen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, P.R. China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Anne M Stevens
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Chaim O Jacob
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Diane L Kamen
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Brown
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gary S Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Graciela S Alarcón
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Javier Martin
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada 18001-18016, Spain
| | - John D Reveille
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), Universidad del Rosario, Bogota 111711, Colombia
| | - Judith A James
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kathy L Sivils
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Lindsey A Criswell
- Department of Medicine, Rosalind Russell/Ephraim P Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0500, USA
| | - Luis M Vilá
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA
| | - Michelle Petri
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - R Hal Scofield
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Edberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - So-Young Bang
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Hye-Soon Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Susan A Boackle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Deborah Cunninghame Graham
- Divisions of Genetics/Molecular Medicine and Immunology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Timothy J Vyse
- Divisions of Genetics/Molecular Medicine and Immunology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Joan T Merrill
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
| | - Timothy B Niewold
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hannah C Ainsworth
- Center for Public Health Genomics and the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Earl D Silverman
- Division of Rheumatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Hospital for Sick Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Michael H Weisman
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Daniel J Wallace
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joel M Guthridge
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Patrick M Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kelly
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Unit of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17167, Sweden
- Center for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucia, Parque Tecnológica de la Salud, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Center for Public Health Genomics and the Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kaufman
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - John B Harley
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | - Leah C Kottyan
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
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Ebrahimiyan H, Rezaei R, Mostafaei S, Aslani S, Goulielmos GN, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Association study between STAT4 polymorphisms and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Shi Z, Zhang Q, Chen H, Lian Z, Liu J, Feng H, Miao X, Du Q, Zhou H. STAT4 Polymorphisms are Associated with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. Neuromolecular Med 2017; 19:493-500. [PMID: 28852993 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-017-8463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
STAT4 plays a crucial role in the functioning of the innate and adaptive immune cells and has been identified as a susceptibility gene in numerous autoimmune disorders. However, its association with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) remains uncertain. Here, we performed a case-control study to determine whether STAT4 contributed to the risk of NMOSD. We tested five STAT4 SNPs in 233 patients with established NMOSD and 492 healthy controls. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed with four genetic models, including allelic, additive, dominant, and recessive models, to identify associations with NMOSD. The results of multiple test comparisons were corrected using the Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR-BH). After correcting for multiple test comparisons, the minor alleles of four STAT4 SNPs exhibited significant association with increased risk of NMOSD (rs7574865 T, odds ratio [OR] = 1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32-2.08, P corr = 0.000; rs10181656 G, OR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.29-2.03, P corr = 0.000; rs10168266 T, OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.27-2.00, P corr = 0.001; and rs13426947 A, OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.21-1.90, P corr = 0.004). Identical results were observed in the dominant, recessive, and additive models. In contrast, the G allele of rs7601754 displayed a protective effect against NMOSD (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.36-0.76, P corr = 0.006). Our study indicates that STAT4 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of NMOSD, which provides novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiyun Lian
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huiru Feng
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaohui Miao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qin Du
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 28 Dianxin Nanjie Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Aslani S, Mahmoudi M, Salmaninejad A, Poursani S, Ziaee V, Rezaei N. Lack of Association between STAT4 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Iranian Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2017; 36:177-183. [PMID: 28524764 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1253809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease in children. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) gene are suspected to have association with the risk of autoimmune diseases. Previous investigations have indicated that the STAT4 rs7574865 T allele was significantly associated with rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of STAT4 SNPs with JRA in Iranian population. T allele of STAT4 rs7574865 SNP was less frequent in patients than in controls, and the difference was not significant (p = 0.19, OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.44 -1.17). In addition, G allele of this SNP was frequent but not significant in JRA patients (p = 0.19, OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.85-2.25). Neither alleles nor genotypes of rs7601754 SNP of STAT4 gene demonstrated associations with JRA. We recognize that gene variants of STAT4 did not affect JRA susceptibility in Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Aslani
- a Rheumatology Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- a Rheumatology Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- a Rheumatology Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,c Student Research Committee, Medical Genetics Research Center , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Shiva Poursani
- a Rheumatology Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Vahid Ziaee
- d Pediatric Rheumatology Research Group , Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,e Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Pediatrics Center of Excellence , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- b Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,f Research Center for Immunodeficiencies , Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,g Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA) , Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) , Sheffield , UK
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Zamani MR, Salmaninejad A, Akbari Asbagh F, Masoud A, Rezaei N. STAT4 single nucleotide gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to endometriosis-related infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 203:20-4. [PMID: 27235632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometriosis is a multifactorial benign gynecologic disorder, characterized by the ectopic growth of misplaced endometrial cells with complex genetic inheritance and changing of some immune based factors and also shares some autoimmune characteristics. However, it is not clear yet that how and when these immunological factors affect the initiation or progression of the disease. It has been shown that STAT4 is a predisposing gene in the development of some autoimmune diseases. METHOD The study group comprised 114 patients with endometriosis and 92 sex-, age-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls of Iranian ancestry. Four SNPs (rs7574865, rs7601754, rs7582694 and rs11889341) were genotyped using the MGB TaqMan. RESULTS A significant association in rs7582694 between C allele (P=0.002, OR=1.986, 95% CI: 1.262-3.126) and endometriosis was found in our study, while the G allele (P=0.002, OR=0.0503, 95% CI: 0.319-0.792) was significantly decreased in the patients population. The GC genotype (P=0.004, OR=2.234, 95% CI: 1.301-4.150) was also significantly overrepresented in the patients with endometriosis, while the frequency of GG genotype was significantly lower in the patient group, compared to the controls (P=0.007, OR=0.457, 95% CI: 0.256-0.813). CONCLUSIONS Our results for the first time showed a significant association between rs7582694 alleles and genotypes and susceptibility to endometriosis in a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zamani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Autoimmunity and Malignancy (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Autoimmunity and Malignancy (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Akbari Asbagh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Masoud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Autoimmunity and Malignancy (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Xu Y, Wang W, Tian Y, Liu J, Yang R. Polymorphisms in STAT4 and IRF5 increase the risk of systemic sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Int J Dermatol 2015; 55:408-16. [PMID: 26712637 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is the most severe connective tissue disorder. Recent studies have demonstrated that genetic factors may play a role in the development of SSc. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) rs7574865 and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) rs2004640 polymorphisms with risk of SSc. METHODS Case-control studies were obtained from the electronic database of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) up to December 2013. The association between STAT4 and IRF5 polymorphisms and SSc susceptibility was assessed by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Six related studies, including 4746 SSc cases and 7399 healthy controls, were pooled in this meta-analysis. For STAT4 polymorphism, we observed a statistically significant positive association between risk factor T allele carriers and SSc susceptibility (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.27-1.48, P < 0.00001) in the overall population. The presence of limited cutaneous (lcSSc) and diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) scleroderma also showed a significant association with each of the genetic models (P < 0.00001). For IRF5 polymorphism, the T allele was shown to be strongly associated with increased SSc risk (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.17-1.39, P < 0.00001). No significant heterogeneity between studies was found. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that STAT4 rs7574865 and IRF5 rs2004640G/T substitution are associated with a susceptibility to SSc, and they may serve as the SSc genetic susceptibility factor. These data confirmed that genetic polymorphisms may play a role in the development of SSc and have provided new insight into the pathogenesis of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Tian
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Rongya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
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James JA. Clinical perspectives on lupus genetics: advances and opportunities. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2014; 40:413-32, vii. [PMID: 25034154 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, genome-wide association studies have led to an expansion in the identification of regions containing confirmed genetic risk variants within complex human diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many of the strongest SLE genetic associations can be divided into groups based on their potential roles in different processes implicated in lupus pathogenesis, including ubiquitination, DNA degradation, innate immunity, cellular immunity, lymphocyte development, and antigen presentation. Recent advances have also shown several genetic associations with SLE subphenotypes and subcriteria. Many areas for further exploration remain to move lupus genetic studies toward clinically informative end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A James
- Oklahoma Clinical & Translational Science Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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Dang J, Shan S, Li J, Zhao H, Xin Q, Liu Y, Bian X, Liu Q. Gene-gene interactions of IRF5, STAT4, IKZF1 and ETS1 in systemic lupus erythematosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 83:401-8. [PMID: 24697319 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) activation signaling and T helper 17 (Th17)-cell/B-cell regulation play a critical role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Several studies have provided convincing evidence that polymorphisms in IRF5, STAT4, IKZF1 and ETS1 from these pathways may be involved in SLE by affecting gene expression or epistasis. We analyzed the genetic interaction in known SLE susceptibility loci from the four genes in northern Han Chinese. A total of 946 northern Han Chinese participated in this study (370 unrelated SLE patients and 576 healthy controls). Subjects underwent genotyping for the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2004640 in IRF5, rs7574865 in STAT4, rs4917014 in IKZF1 and rs1128334 in ETS1 by use of a TaqMan SNP genotyping assay and direct sequencing. Gene-gene interaction analysis involved direct counting, multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and linear regression analysis. SLE patients and controls differed in allele frequencies of rs7574865, rs1128334 (P < 0.001) and rs4917014 (P < 0.01). Direct counting revealed that the frequency of risk homozygote combinations was higher for SLE patients than controls (P < 0.01). Furthermore, 2-, 3- and 4-way gene-gene epistasis in SLE was confirmed by parametric methods and MDR analysis. Gene expression analysis partially supported the findings. Our study confirmed the association of the IFN pathway or Th17/B-cells and the pathogenesis of SLE, and gene-gene interaction in this pathway may increase the risk of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China; Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Insight into gene polymorphisms involved in toll-like receptor/interferon signalling pathways for systemic lupus erythematosus in South East Asia. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:529167. [PMID: 24741605 PMCID: PMC3987947 DOI: 10.1155/2014/529167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in genes involved in toll-like receptor/interferon signalling pathways have been reported previously to be associated with SLE in many populations. This study aimed to investigate the role of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms within TNFAIP3, STAT4, and IRF5, which are involved in upstream and downstream pathways of type I interferon production, in SLE in the South East Asian populations. Genotyping of 360 Malaysian SLE patients and 430 normal healthy individuals revealed that minor alleles of STAT4 rs7574865 and rs10168266 were associated with elevated risk of SLE in the Chinese and Malay patients, respectively (P = 0.028, odds ratio (OR) = 1.42; P = 0.035, OR = 1.80, respectively). Polymorphisms in TNFAIP3 and IRF5 did not show significant associations with SLE in any of the ethnicities. Combined analysis of the Malays, Chinese, and Indians for each SNP indicated that STAT4 rs10168266 was significantly associated with the Malaysian SLE as a whole (P = 0.014; OR = 1.435). The meta-analysis of STAT4 rs10168266, which combined the data of other studies and this study, further confirmed its importance as the risk factor for SLE by having pooled OR of 1.559 and P value of <0.001.
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Peng WJ, Pan HF, Tao JH, Wang BX, Lu MM, Wang S, He Q, Wang J. A meta-analysis of the association between cytokine gene polymorphisms and systemic sclerosis. Mod Rheumatol 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-011-0574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Genetics of SLE: functional relevance for monocytes/macrophages in disease. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:582352. [PMID: 23227085 PMCID: PMC3511832 DOI: 10.1155/2012/582352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies in the last 5 years have greatly facilitated our understanding of how the dysregulation of diverse components of the innate immune system contributes to pathophysiology of SLE. A role for macrophages in the pathogenesis of SLE was first proposed as early as the 1980s following the discovery that SLE macrophages were defective in their ability to clear apoptotic cell debris, thus prolonging exposure of potential autoantigens to the adaptive immune response. More recently, there is an emerging appreciation of the contribution both monocytes and macrophages play in orchestrating immune responses with perturbations in their activation or regulation leading to immune dysregulation. This paper will focus on understanding the relevance of genes identified as being associated with innate immune function of monocytes and macrophages and development of SLE, particularly with respect to their role in (1) immune complex (IC) recognition and clearance, (2) nucleic acid recognition via toll-like receptors (TLRs) and downstream signalling, and (3) interferon signalling. Particular attention will be paid to the functional consequences these genetic associations have for disease susceptibility or pathogenesis.
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Bernatsky S, Easton DF, Dunning A, Michailidou K, Ramsey-Goldman R, Gordon C, Clarke AE, Foulkes W. Decreased breast cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus: the search for a genetic basis continues. Lupus 2012; 21:896-9. [PMID: 22495874 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312443992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent work has demonstrated an important decrease in breast cancers for women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The reason behind this phenomenon is unknown. Our purpose was to explore whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) predisposing to SLE might be protective against breast cancer (in women in the general population). METHODS We focused on loci relevant to 10 SNPs associated with SLE (with a p value of <10(-9)). We determined whether we could establish a decreased frequency of these SNPs in breast cancer cases versus controls, within the general population. To do this we used a large breast cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset, involving 3,659 breast cancer cases and 4,897 controls. These subjects were all primarily of European ancestry. RESULTS The population-based GWAS breast cancer data we examined suggested little evidence for important associations between breast cancer and SLE-related SNPs. Within the general population GWAS data, a cytosine(C) nucleotide substitution at rs9888739 (on chromosome 16p11.2) showed a very weak inverse association with breast cancer. The odds ratio (OR) for the rs9888739-C allele was 0.907551 (p value 0.049899) in the GWAS breast cancer sample, compared to controls. There was a slightly stronger, positive, association with breast cancer for rs6445975-G (Guanine) on chromosome 3p14.3, with a breast cancer OR of 1.0911 (p value 0.0097). CONCLUSIONS Within this large breast cancer dataset, we did not demonstrate important associations with 10 lupus-associated SNPs. If decreased breast cancer risk in SLE is influenced by genetic profiles, this may be due to complex interactions and/or epigenetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bernatsky
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Vaughn SE, Kottyan LC, Munroe ME, Harley JB. Genetic susceptibility to lupus: the biological basis of genetic risk found in B cell signaling pathways. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:577-91. [PMID: 22753952 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0212095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 50 genetic variants have been statistically associated with the development of SLE (or lupus). Each genetic association is a key component of a pathway to lupus pathogenesis, the majority of which requires further mechanistic studies to understand the functional changes to cellular physiology. Whereas their use in clinical practice has yet to be established, these genes guide efforts to develop more specific therapeutic approaches. The BCR signaling pathways are rich in lupus susceptibility genes and may well provide novel opportunities for the understanding and clinical treatment of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Vaughn
- Cincinnati Children’s Hosptial Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
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