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Davuluri S, Lood C, Chung L. Calcinosis in systemic sclerosis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2023:00002281-990000000-00088. [PMID: 37830924 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide updated information on the prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics of calcinosis cutis associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). RECENT FINDINGS Observational studies show ethnic and geographical differences in the prevalence of calcinosis. In addition to clinical and serological associations, biochemical studies and in-vivo models have attempted to explain theories behind its pathogenesis, including prolonged state of inflammation, mechanical stress, hypoxia, and dysregulation in bone and phosphate metabolism. Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors may increase the risk for calcinosis in SSc. Few single center observational studies have shown mild benefit with minocycline and topical sodium thiosulfate. SUMMARY Calcinosis cutis is the deposition of insoluble calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It affects up to 40% of SSc patients and causes significant morbidity. Long disease duration, features of vascular dysfunction, and osteoporosis have been associated with calcinosis. Altered levels of inorganic pyrophosphate and fibroblast growth factor-23 have been implicated in dysregulated phosphate metabolism that may lead to calcinosis in SSc. Plain radiography can help with diagnosis and quantifying the calcinosis burden. Surgical treatment remains the most effective therapy when feasible. At present, no medical therapies have proven efficacy in large randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Davuluri
- Stanford School of Medicine, Division of Immunology &Rheumatology, Palo Alto, California
| | - Christian Lood
- University of Washington, Division of Rheumatology, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lorinda Chung
- Stanford School of Medicine & Palo Alto VA Healthcare System, Division of Immunology & Rheumatology, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Badiee F, Fatemi A, Zahedpasha R, Gharib MH, Jokar M, Livani S, Aghaie M, Abdolahi N. Hands and feet radiologic involvements in systemic sclerosis. BMC Rheumatol 2023; 7:9. [PMID: 37208734 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-023-00336-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by vascular and fibrosing involvement of the skin and internal organs. In this study, we determined the prevalence and characteristics of radiological hands and feet involvements in Iranian SSc patients to identify the associations between clinical features and radiologic findings. METHODS 43 SSc patients (41 women and 2 men), with a median age of 44.8 years (ranges 26-70 years) and a mean disease duration of 11.8 years (ranges 2-28 years) were studied in this cross-sectional study. RESULTS 42 patients had radiological changes both in their hands and feet. Only one patient had alteration just in hand. The most frequent changes that we found in hand were Juxta-articular Osteoporosis (93%), Acro-osteolysis (58.2%), and Joint Space Narrowing (55.8%). The prevalence of joint space narrowing or acro-osteolysis was higher in subjects with active skin involvement [modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) > 14] [16/21 vs. 4/16 for patients with inactive skin involvement (mRSS < 14); p = 0.002]. The most frequent changes that we found in the foot were Juxta-articular Osteoporosis (93%), Acro-osteolysis (46.5%), Joint Space Narrowing (58.1%), and subluxation (44.2%). The presence of anti-ccp antibody was detected in 4 (9.3%), while positive rheumatoid factor was found in 13 (30.2%) of SSc patients. CONCLUSION This study corroborates that arthropathy is common in SSc patients. The introduction of the specific radiological involvements of SSc needs to be confirmed by further studies, in order to define the appropriate prognosis and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Badiee
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Fatemi
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Reza Zahedpasha
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Gharib
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, 5Th Azar Hospital, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
- Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran, Islamic Republic of
| | - Mohammadhassan Jokar
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Livani
- Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran, Islamic Republic of
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Gorgan, Iran, Islamic Republic of
| | - Mehrdad Aghaie
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Abdolahi
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study was to provide updated information on the prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnostics and therapeutics of calcinosis cutis associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). RECENT FINDINGS Observational studies show ethnic and geographical differences in the prevalence of calcinosis. In addition to clinical and serological associations, biochemical studies and in-vivo models have attempted to explain theories behind its pathogenesis, including prolonged state of inflammation, mechanical stress, hypoxia and dysregulation in bone and phosphate metabolism. Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors may increase the risk for calcinosis in SSc. Few single-centre observational studies have shown mild benefit with minocycline and topical sodium thiosulfate. SUMMARY Calcinosis cutis is the deposition of insoluble calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It affects up to 40% of SSc patients and causes significant morbidity. Long disease duration, features of vascular dysfunction and osteoporosis have been associated with calcinosis. Altered levels of inorganic pyrophosphate and fibroblast growth factor-23 have been implicated in dysregulated phosphate metabolism that may lead to calcinosis in SSc. Plain radiography can help with diagnosis and quantifying the calcinosis burden. Surgical treatment remains the most effective therapy when feasible. At present, no medical therapies have proven efficacy in large randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Davuluri
- Stanford School of Medicine, Division of Immunology & Rheumatology, Palo Alto, California
| | - Christian Lood
- University of Washington, Division of Rheumatology, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lorinda Chung
- Stanford School of Medicine & Palo Alto VA Healthcare System, Division of Immunology & Rheumatology, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Riccardi A, Martinroche G, Contin-Bordes C, Avouac J, Gobeaux C, Cauvet A, Guerini H, Truchetet ME, Allanore Y. Erosive arthritis autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 52:151947. [PMID: 35000789 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate in two large SSc French cohorts the prevalence and associated factors with the autoantibodies linked to erosive arthritis. METHODS 448 SSc patients were recruited from May 2015 to January 2019. Standardized clinical and laboratory variables were collected in accordance with the EUSTAR database. ELISAs for IgM rheumatoid factor (RF), IgG anti-citrullinated proteins (ACPA) and IgG anti-carbamylated proteins antibodies (anti-CarP) were all determined in a central laboratory. The prevalence and clinical associations of the different antibodies were investigated. RESULTS RF positivity was observed in 113 patients (25%) compared to 39 (9%) for ACPA and 63 (14%) for anti-CarP antibodies. Through multivariate regression analysis, both RF and ACPA positivity resulted to be associated with RA overlap disease (OR 5.7, 95% CI 2.3-13.8 and OR 44.1, 95% CI 15.4-126.3, respectively). Additionally, ACPA was found to be significantly related to synovitis/ tenosynovitis (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.6). RF positivity was associated to a "vascular subset" (i.e. any major vascular complication) (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.4). Moreover, anti-CarP antibodies were associated with a fibrotic subset and with digital ulcers (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.6 and OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.4). CONCLUSION We corroborated that ACPA could be useful in identifying patients with a more prominent joint disease and RA overlap disease. Of the most interest we found that anti-CarP antibodies could be a relevant biomarker related to fibrotic skin and lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Riccardi
- Department of Precision Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Cécile Contin-Bordes
- Immunology Department, CHU Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France; ImmunoConcEpt, CNRS, UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Department of Rheumatology, Descartes University, APHP, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Camille Gobeaux
- Department of Biochemistry, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Anne Cauvet
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, France
| | - Henri Guerini
- Radiology B department, Cochin Hospital, Université de Paris, France
| | - Marie-Elise Truchetet
- ImmunoConcEpt, CNRS, UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, France; Department of Rheumatology, Descartes University, APHP, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Biochemistry, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France; INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, France; Radiology B department, Cochin Hospital, Université de Paris, France; Rheumatology Department, CHU Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Department of Rheumatology, Descartes University, APHP, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France; Department of Biochemistry, Université de Paris, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France; INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, France; Radiology B department, Cochin Hospital, Université de Paris, France; Rheumatology Department, CHU Bordeaux Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
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