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Groenewald J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Roux J, Shin HD, Shivas R, Summerell B, Braun U, Alfenas A, Ujat A, Nakashima C, Crous P. Species diversity in Pseudocercospora. Fungal Syst Evol 2024; 13:29-89. [PMID: 39135885 PMCID: PMC11317867 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Species of Pseudocercospora are commonly associated with leaf and fruit spots on diverse plant hosts in sub-tropical and tropical regions. Pseudocercospora spp. have mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs, but represent a distinct genus in Mycosphaerellaceae (Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetes). The present study adds a further 29 novel species of Pseudocercospora from 413 host species representing 297 host genera occurring in 60 countries and designates four epitypes and one lectotype for established names. This study recognises 329 species names, with an additional 69 phylogenetic lineages remaining unnamed due to difficulty in being able to unambiguously apply existing names to those lineages. To help elucidate the taxonomy of these species, a phylogenetic tree was generated from multi-locus DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacers and intervening 5.8S nuclear nrRNA gene (ITS), partial actin (actA), and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), as well as the partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) gene sequences. Novel species described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Ps. acaciicola from leaf spots on Acacia sp., Ps. anopter from leaf spots on Anopterus glandulosus, Ps. asplenii from leaf spots on Asplenium dimorphum, Ps. australiensis from leaf spots on Eucalyptus gunnii, Ps. badjensis from leaf spots on Eucalyptus badjensis, Ps. erythrophloeicola from leaf spots on Erythrophleum chlorostachys, Ps. grevilleae from leaf spots on Grevillea sp., Ps. lophostemonigena from leaf spots on Lophostemon confertus, Ps. lophostemonis from leaf spots on Lophostemon lactifluus, Ps. paramacadamiae from leaf spots on Macadamia integrifolia, Ps. persooniae from leaf spots on Persoonia sp., Ps. pultenaeae from leaf spots on Pultenaea daphnoides, Ps. tristaniopsidis from leaf spots on Tristaniopsis collina, Ps. victoriae from leaf spots on Eucalyptus globoidea. Brazil, Ps. musigena from leaf spots on Musa sp. China, Ps. lonicerae-japonicae from leaf spots on Lonicera japonica, Ps. rubigena leaf spots on Rubus sp. France (Réunion), Ps. wingfieldii from leaf spots on Acacia heterophylla. Malaysia, Ps. musarum from leaf spots on Musa sp. Netherlands, Ps. rhododendri from leaf spots on Rhododendron sp. South Africa, Ps. balanitis from leaf spots on Balanites sp., Ps. dovyalidicola from leaf spots on Dovyalis zeyheri, Ps. encephalarticola from leaf spots on Encephalartos sp. South Korea, Ps. grewiana from leaf spots on Grewia biloba, Ps. parakaki from leaf spots on Diospyros kaki, Ps. pseudocydoniae from leaf spots on Chaenomeles lagenaria, Ps. paracydoniae from leaf spots on Chaenomeles speciosa. Thailand, Ps. acerigena from leaf spots on Acer sp., Ps. tectonigena from leaf spots on Tectona grandis. Epitypes are designated for Cercospora bonjeaneae-rectae, Cercospora halleriae, Ps. eucleae, and an epitype as well as a lectotype for Ps. macadamiae. Results obtained in the present study contribute to a better understanding of the host specificity and distribution in Pseudocercospora spp., many of which represent important pathogens of food or fibre crops, or organisms of quarantine concern. Citation: Groenewald JZ, Chen YY, Zhang Y, Roux J, Shin H-D, Shivas RG, Summerell BA, Braun U, Alfenas AC, Ujat AH, Nakashima C, Crous PW (2024). Species diversity in Pseudocercospora. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 13: 29-89. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2024.13.03.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.Z. Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Y.Y. Chen
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - J. Roux
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - H.-D. Shin
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - R.G. Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - B.A. Summerell
- Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Mrs Macquaries Rd, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - U. Braun
- Martin-Luther-Universität, Institut für Biologie, Bereich Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, Herbarium, Neuwerk 21, 06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - A.C. Alfenas
- Departmento de Fitopatologia/Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - A.H. Ujat
- Graduate school of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurima-machiya 1577, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - C. Nakashima
- Graduate school of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurima-machiya 1577, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Aviles-Noriega A, Serrato-Diaz LM, Giraldo-Zapata MC, Cuevas HE, Rivera-Vargas LI. The Sigatoka Disease Complex Caused by Pseudocercospora spp. and Other Fungal Pathogens Associated with Musa spp. in Puerto Rico. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1320-1330. [PMID: 37966473 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-23-0433-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Bananas (Musa spp.) are among the world's most economically important staple food crops. The most important fungal leaf diseases of Musa spp. worldwide are caused by the Sigatoka disease complex, which comprises black Sigatoka (Pseudocercospora fijiensis), yellow Sigatoka (P. musae), and Eumusae leaf spot (P. eumusae). Considering the rapid spreading rate of black Sigatoka in Puerto Rico since its first observation in 2004, a disease survey was conducted from 2018 to 2020 to evaluate the Sigatoka disease complex on the island. Sixty-one leaf samples showing Sigatoka-like symptoms were collected throughout the island for diagnosis by molecular approaches and fungal isolation. Molecular analysis using species-specific primers for P. fijiensis, P. musae, and P. eumusae detected the presence of P. fijiensis in 50 leaf samples. Thirty-eight fungal isolates were collected and identified by morphology and genomic sequencing from various nuclear genes. The analysis identified 24 isolates as P. fijiensis, while the rest of the isolates belonged to the genus Cladosporium spp. and Cladosporium-like spp. (n = 5), Neocordana musae (n = 2), Zasmidium spp. (n = 6), and Z. musigenum (n = 1). The high frequency of P. fijiensis found in leaf samples and collected isolates suggests that black Sigatoka has displaced the yellow Sigatoka (P. musae) in Puerto Rico. Accurate identification of fungal species causing foliar diseases in Musa spp. will allow the establishment of quarantine regulations and specific management approaches in Puerto Rico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Aviles-Noriega
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, PR 00681
| | - Luz M Serrato-Diaz
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayagüez, PR 00680
| | - Martha C Giraldo-Zapata
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, PR 00681
| | - Hugo E Cuevas
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayagüez, PR 00680
| | - Lydia I Rivera-Vargas
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico-Mayagüez Campus, Mayagüez, PR 00681
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van Westerhoven AC, Mehrabi R, Talebi R, Steentjes MBF, Corcolon B, Chong PA, Kema GHJ, Seidl MF. A chromosome-level genome assembly of Zasmidium syzygii isolated from banana leaves. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2024; 14:jkad262. [PMID: 37972272 PMCID: PMC10917495 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Accurate taxonomic classification of samples from infected host material is essential for disease diagnostics and genome analyses. Despite the importance, diagnosis of fungal pathogens causing banana leaf diseases remains challenging. Foliar diseases of bananas are mainly caused by 3 Pseudocercospora species, of which the most predominant causal agent is Pseudocercospora fijiensis. Here, we sequenced and assembled four fungal isolates obtained from necrotic banana leaves in Bohol (Philippines) and obtained a high-quality genome assembly for one of these isolates. The samples were initially identified as P. fijiensis using PCR diagnostics; however, the assembly size was consistently 30 Mb smaller than expected. Based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, we identified the samples as Zasmidium syzygii (98.7% identity). The high-quality Zasmidium syzygii assembly is 42.5 Mb in size, comprising 16 contigs, of which 11 are most likely complete chromosomes. The genome contains 98.6% of the expected single-copy BUSCO genes and contains 14,789 genes and 10.3% repeats. The 3 short-read assemblies are less continuous but have similar genome sizes (40.4-42.4 Mb) and contain between 96.5 and 98.4% BUSCO genes. All 4 isolates have identical ITS sequences and are distinct from Zasmidium isolates that were previously sampled from banana leaves. We thus report the first continuous genome assembly of a member of the Zasmidium genus, forming an essential resource for further analysis to enhance our understanding of the diversity of pathogenic fungal isolates as well as fungal diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk C van Westerhoven
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CS, The Netherlands
| | - Rahim Mehrabi
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
- Keygene N.V., Wageningen 6700 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Reza Talebi
- Keygene N.V., Wageningen 6700 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel B F Steentjes
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Benny Corcolon
- Research, Information, Compliance Department, Tadeco Inc., Panabo, Davao del Norte 8105, Philippines
| | - Pablo A Chong
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090112, Ecuador
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
| | - Michael F Seidl
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CS, The Netherlands
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Martínez de la Parte E, Pérez-Vicente L, García-Bastidas F, Bermúdez-Caraballoso I, Schnabel S, Meijer HJG, Kema GHJ. The Vulnerability of Cuban Banana Production to Fusarium Wilt Caused by Tropical Race 4. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:111-118. [PMID: 37311735 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-23-0127-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bananas are major agricultural commodities in Cuba. One of the main constraints of banana production worldwide is Fusarium wilt of banana. Recent outbreaks in Colombia, Perú, and Venezuela have raised widespread concern in Latin America due to the potential devastating impact on the sustainability of banana production, food security, and livelihoods of millions of people in the region. Here, we phenotyped 18 important Cuban banana and plantain varieties with two Fusarium strains-Tropical Race 4 (TR4) and Race 1-under greenhouse conditions. These varieties represent 72.8% of the national banana acreage in Cuba and are also widely distributed in Latin America and the Caribbean region. A broad range of disease responses from resistant to very susceptible was observed against Race 1. On the contrary, not a single banana variety was resistant to TR4. These results underscore that TR4 potentially threatens nearly 56% of the contemporary Cuban banana production area, which is planted with susceptible and very susceptible varieties, and call for a preemptive evaluation of new varieties obtained in the national breeding program and the strengthening of quarantine measures to prevent the introduction of TR4 into the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Martínez de la Parte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), Ministry of Agriculture, Cuba
| | - Luis Pérez-Vicente
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), Ministry of Agriculture, Cuba
| | | | - Idalmis Bermúdez-Caraballoso
- Instituto de Biotecnología de las Plantas (IBP), Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Ministry of High Education (MES), Cuba
| | - Sabine Schnabel
- Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold J G Meijer
- Wageningen Research, Business Unit Biointeractions and Plant Health, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
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Chen W, Wang J, Song J, Sun Q, Zhu B, Qin L. Exogenous and Endophytic Fungal Communities of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. across Different Habitats and Their Enhancement of Host Plants' Dendrobine Content and Biomass Accumulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12489-12500. [PMID: 37033800 PMCID: PMC10077458 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Both the biosynthesis and array of bioactive and medicinal compounds in plants can be influenced by interactions with endophytic and exogenous fungi. However, the composition of endophytic and exogenous fungal communities associated with many medicinal plants is unknown, and the mechanism by which these fungi stimulate the secondary metabolism of host plants is unclear. In this study, we conducted a correlative analysis between endophytic and exogenous fungi and dendrobine and biomass accumulation in Dendrobium nobile across five Chinese habitats: wild Danxia rock, greenhouse-associated large Danxia stone, broken Danxia stone, broken coarse sandstone, and wood spile. Across habitats, fungal communities exhibited significant differences. The abundances of Phyllosticta, Trichoderma, and Hydropus were higher in wild habitats than in greenhouse habitats. Wild habitats were host to a higher diversity and richness of exogenous fungi than were greenhouse habitats. However, there was no significant difference in endophytic fungal diversity between habitats. The differences between the fungal communities' effects on the dendrobine content and biomass of D. nobile were attributable to the composition of endophytic and exogenous fungi. Exogenous fungi had a greater impact than endophytic fungi on the accumulation of fresh weight (FW) and dendrobine in D. nobile. Furthermore, D. nobile samples with higher exogenous fungal richness and diversity exhibited higher dendrobine content and FW. Phyllosticta was the only genus to be significantly positively correlated with both FW and dendrobine content. A total of 86 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots, stems, and leaves of D. nobile, of which 8 strains were found to be symbiotic with D. nobile tissue-cultured seedlings. The strain DN14 (Phyllosticta fallopiae) was found to promote not only biomass accumulation (11.44%) but also dendrobine content (33.80%) in D. nobile tissue-cultured seedlings. The results of this study will aid in the development of strategies to increase the production of dendrobine in D. nobile. This work could also facilitate the screening of beneficial endophytic and exogenous fungal probiotics for use as biofertilizers in D. nobile.
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Song S, Li M, Huang JE, Liu F. Two new species of Scolecobasidium (Venturiales, Sympoventuriaceae) associated with true mangrove plants and S.terrestre comb. nov. MycoKeys 2023; 96:113-126. [PMID: 37252057 PMCID: PMC10210049 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.96.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Scolecobasidium is cosmopolitan and includes species that inhabit a wide range of ecosystems including soil, water, air, plant and cold-blooded vertebrates. During a fungal survey from mangrove, strains of Scolecobasidium occurring on leaf spots of true mangrove plants, Aegicerascorniculatum and Acanthusebracteatus, were isolated from Futian Mangrove in Shenzhen and the Qi'ao-Dangan Island Mangrove in Zhuhai, China. Unlike most species in Scolecobasidium that produce dark conidia, our strains are characterized by hyaline to pale brown conidia and inconspicuous thread-like sterigmata. Further detailed morphological comparison and multi-locus (LSU, ITS, tub2, tef1-α) phylogenetic analyses revealed these collections as two new taxa, namely S.acanthisp. nov. and S.aegiceratissp. nov. We further emend the generic description of Scolecobasidium, propose one new combination, S.terrestre comb. nov., and clarify the taxonomic status of S.constrictum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jun-En Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Shen X, Liu J, Metok K, Yang Y, Liu J, Liu X, Li Q, Li P. First report of rootstalk rot of Hibiscus mutabilis caused by Fusarium oxysporum in China. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 107:2223. [PMID: 36475740 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-22-1509-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
H. Mutabilis (Cotton rose or confederate rose) is a deciduous shrub in the Malvaceae family, with ornamental, medicinal and edible values (Fan et al. 2015). In May to August 2020, 40.4% of potted plants of H. mutabilis were found to have root and stalk rot in Chengdu Botanical Garden (E104°7'28″, N30°45'57″). At first the leaves of affected H. mutabilis turned yellow and wilted, followed by the stem and root cortex became dark brown and rotten. Finally, the whole plant died within two months. Root and stem produced white mycelium when the humidity exceeded 90%. Samples taken from the lesions were surface disinfested for 3 min in 4% sodium hypochlorite, rinsed in sterile water and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), 35 single-spore cultures with similar morphology isolated from symptomatic tissues were obtained and subcultured. After seven days at 25°C in the dark, the mycelium of a representative culture MFR1 covered the entire plate surface (9 cm diameter). The aerial mycelium of cultures were white and fluffy at first and produced lavender pigment on the back of the cultures in the later stage. After seven days, the cultures produced abundant sickle-shaped macroconidia which have 3 to 5 septations and some oval or oblong microconidia which have 0 to 1 septation. Macroconidia 22.35~46.67 μm (mean 32.11 μm) in length and 4.32~7.72 μm (mean 5.21 μm) in width (n = 100). Microconidia 7.10~21.85 μm (mean 11.62 μm) in length and 2.76~6.84 μm (mean 4.20 μm) in width (n = 100). Based on these characteristics, isolates were tentatively identified as Fusarium sp. (Crous et al. 2021). Pathogenicity was tested on 1-year-old potted seedlings of H. mutabilis by root-zone irrigation inoculation in Sichuan Agricultural University (Jia et al.2019). Conidia suspension (1×107conidia/mL,collected from MFR1 )was poured into the soil along the plant roots. The same amount of distilled water was poured around the roots of the control plants. All inoculated and control plants were incubated in the greenhouse (about 25 ± 2°C). The experiment was performed three times. Within 25 days after inoculation, all plants inoculated with pathogens showed symptoms similar to those in the field, whereas the controls remained symptomless. The pathogen was reisolated from all inoculated plants, and the cultural and morphological characteristics were the same as those of the original isolate. After DNA extraction and PCR amplification, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes of a representative culture MFR1, were sequenced (O'Donnell et al. 2010) and deposited in GenBank (accession numbers OK334295 and ON316728, respectively). The TEF and RPB2 sequences were 99.7% and 99.39% identical to those of F. oxysporum (MN892354 and MZ198892). The result was confirmed by multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Through morphological identification and molecular analyses, the pathogen was identified as F. oxysporum. F. oxysporum is known to infect cotton (Dowd et al.2004), soybean (Ellis et al.2016) and banana (Fourie et al.2011) among other hosts, but it is the first report of F. oxysporum infecting H. mutabilis in China or worldwide. This disease seriously reduced the survival rate of H. mutabilis and may become an important reason to hinder the increase of H. mutabilis in potted seedlings stage. Moreover, the findings will provide theoretical basis to solve the bottleneck problem affecting the popularization and propagation of H. mutabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - PeiLi Li
- Sichuan Agriculture University, College of Agronomy & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan agriculture university, Chengdu , Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130;
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Chen Q, Bakhshi M, Balci Y, Broders K, Cheewangkoon R, Chen S, Fan X, Gramaje D, Halleen F, Jung MH, Jiang N, Jung T, Májek T, Marincowitz S, Milenković I, Mostert L, Nakashima C, Nurul Faziha I, Pan M, Raza M, Scanu B, Spies C, Suhaizan L, Suzuki H, Tian C, Tomšovský M, Úrbez-Torres J, Wang W, Wingfield B, Wingfield M, Yang Q, Yang X, Zare R, Zhao P, Groenewald J, Cai L, Crous P. Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 4. Stud Mycol 2022; 101:417-564. [PMID: 36059898 PMCID: PMC9365048 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper is the fourth contribution in the Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) series. The series provides morphological descriptions and information about the pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms, as well as DNA barcodes for the taxa covered. Moreover, 12 whole-genome sequences for the type or new species in the treated genera are provided. The fourth paper in the GOPHY series covers 19 genera of phytopathogenic fungi and their relatives, including Ascochyta, Cadophora, Celoporthe, Cercospora, Coleophoma, Cytospora, Dendrostoma, Didymella, Endothia, Heterophaeomoniella, Leptosphaerulina, Melampsora, Nigrospora, Pezicula, Phaeomoniella, Pseudocercospora, Pteridopassalora, Zymoseptoria, and one genus of oomycetes, Phytophthora. This study includes two new genera, 30 new species, five new combinations, and 43 typifications of older names. Taxonomic novelties: New genera: Heterophaeomoniella L. Mostert, C.F.J. Spies, Halleen & Gramaje, Pteridopassalora C. Nakash. & Crous; New species: Ascochyta flava Qian Chen & L. Cai, Cadophora domestica L. Mostert, R. van der Merwe, Halleen & Gramaje, Cadophora rotunda L. Mostert, R. van der Merwe, Halleen & Gramaje, Cadophora vinacea J.R. Úrbez-Torres, D.T. O'Gorman & Gramaje, Cadophora vivarii L. Mostert, Havenga, Halleen & Gramaje, Celoporthe foliorum H. Suzuki, Marinc. & M.J. Wingf., Cercospora alyssopsidis M. Bakhshi, Zare & Crous, Dendrostoma elaeocarpi C.M. Tian & Q. Yang, Didymella chlamydospora Qian Chen & L. Cai, Didymella gei Qian Chen & L. Cai, Didymella ligulariae Qian Chen & L. Cai, Didymella qilianensis Qian Chen & L. Cai, Didymella uniseptata Qian Chen & L. Cai, Endothia cerciana W. Wang. & S.F. Chen, Leptosphaerulina miscanthi Qian Chen & L. Cai, Nigrospora covidalis M. Raza, Qian Chen & L. Cai, Nigrospora globospora M. Raza, Qian Chen & L. Cai, Nigrospora philosophiae-doctoris M. Raza, Qian Chen & L. Cai, Phytophthora transitoria I. Milenković, T. Májek & T. Jung, Phytophthora panamensis T. Jung, Y. Balci, K. Broders & I. Milenković, Phytophthora variabilis T. Jung, M. Horta Jung & I. Milenković, Pseudocercospora delonicicola C. Nakash., L. Suhaizan & I. Nurul Faziha, Pseudocercospora farfugii C. Nakash., I. Araki, & Ai Ito, Pseudocercospora hardenbergiae Crous & C. Nakash., Pseudocercospora kenyirana C. Nakash., L. Suhaizan & I. Nurul Faziha, Pseudocercospora perrottetiae Crous, C. Nakash. & C.Y. Chen, Pseudocercospora platyceriicola C. Nakash., Y. Hatt, L. Suhaizan & I. Nurul Faziha, Pseudocercospora stemonicola C. Nakash., Y. Hatt., L. Suhaizan & I. Nurul Faziha, Pseudocercospora terengganuensis C. Nakash., Y. Hatt., L. Suhaizan & I. Nurul Faziha, Pseudocercospora xenopunicae Crous & C. Nakash.; New combinations: Heterophaeomoniella pinifoliorum (Hyang B. Lee et al.) L. Mostert, C.F.J. Spies, Halleen & Gramaje, Pseudocercospora pruni-grayanae (Sawada) C. Nakash. & Motohashi., Pseudocercospora togashiana (K. Ito & Tak. Kobay.) C. Nakash. & Tak. Kobay., Pteridopassalora nephrolepidicola (Crous & R.G. Shivas) C. Nakash. & Crous, Pteridopassalora lygodii (Goh & W.H. Hsieh) C. Nakash. & Crous; Typification: Epitypification: Botrytis infestans Mont., Cercospora abeliae Katsuki, Cercospora ceratoniae Pat. & Trab., Cercospora cladrastidis Jacz., Cercospora cryptomeriicola Sawada, Cercospora dalbergiae S.H. Sun, Cercospora ebulicola W. Yamam., Cercospora formosana W. Yamam., Cercospora fukuii W. Yamam., Cercospora glochidionis Sawada, Cercospora ixorana J.M. Yen & Lim, Cercospora liquidambaricola J.M. Yen, Cercospora pancratii Ellis & Everh., Cercospora pini-densiflorae Hori & Nambu, Cercospora profusa Syd. & P. Syd., Cercospora pyracanthae Katsuki, Cercospora horiana Togashi & Katsuki, Cercospora tabernaemontanae Syd. & P. Syd., Cercospora trinidadensis F. Stevens & Solheim, Melampsora laricis-urbanianae Tak. Matsumoto, Melampsora salicis-cupularis Wang, Phaeoisariopsis pruni-grayanae Sawada, Pseudocercospora angiopteridis Goh & W.H. Hsieh, Pseudocercospora basitruncata Crous, Pseudocercospora boehmeriigena U. Braun, Pseudocercospora coprosmae U. Braun & C.F. Hill, Pseudocercospora cratevicola C. Nakash. & U. Braun, Pseudocercospora cymbidiicola U. Braun & C.F. Hill, Pseudocercospora dodonaeae Boesew., Pseudocercospora euphorbiacearum U. Braun, Pseudocercospora lygodii Goh & W.H. Hsieh, Pseudocercospora metrosideri U. Braun, Pseudocercospora paraexosporioides C. Nakash. & U. Braun, Pseudocercospora symploci Katsuki & Tak. Kobay. ex U. Braun & Crous, Septogloeum punctatum Wakef.; Neotypification: Cercospora aleuritis I. Miyake; Lectotypification: Cercospora dalbergiae S.H. Sun, Cercospora formosana W. Yamam., Cercospora fukuii W. Yamam., Cercospora glochidionis Sawada, Cercospora profusa Syd. & P. Syd., Melampsora laricis-urbanianae Tak. Matsumoto, Phaeoisariopsis pruni-grayanae Sawada, Pseudocercospora symploci Katsuki & Tak. Kobay. ex U. Braun & Crous. Citation: Chen Q, Bakhshi M, Balci Y, Broders KD, Cheewangkoon R, Chen SF, Fan XL, Gramaje D, Halleen F, Horta Jung M, Jiang N, Jung T, Májek T, Marincowitz S, Milenković T, Mostert L, Nakashima C, Nurul Faziha I, Pan M, Raza M, Scanu B, Spies CFJ, Suhaizan L, Suzuki H, Tian CM, Tomšovský M, Úrbez-Torres JR, Wang W, Wingfield BD, Wingfield MJ, Yang Q, Yang X, Zare R, Zhao P, Groenewald JZ, Cai L, Crous PW (2022). Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 4. Studies in Mycology 101: 417-564. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.06.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - M. Bakhshi
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Y. Balci
- USDA-APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine, 4700 River Road, Riverdale, Maryland, 20737 USA
| | - K.D. Broders
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - R. Cheewangkoon
- Entomology and Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 50200
| | - S.F. Chen
- China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, Guangdong Province, China
| | - X.L. Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - D. Gramaje
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad de La Rioja - Gobierno de La Rioja. Ctra. LO-20 Salida 13, 26007 Logroño. Spain
| | - F. Halleen
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
- Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, Stellenboscvh, 7599, South Africa
| | - M. Horta Jung
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - N. Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - T. Jung
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - T. Májek
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - S. Marincowitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - I. Milenković
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - L. Mostert
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - C. Nakashima
- Graduate school of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurima-machiya 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - I. Nurul Faziha
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - M. Pan
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - M. Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - B. Scanu
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - C.F.J. Spies
- ARC-Plant Health and Protection, Private Bag X5017, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa
| | - L. Suhaizan
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - H. Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - C.M. Tian
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - M. Tomšovský
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J.R. Úrbez-Torres
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada
| | - W. Wang
- China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), Zhanjiang 524022, Guangdong Province, China
| | - B.D. Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - M.J. Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Q. Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - X. Yang
- USDA-ARS, Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, 1301 Ditto Avenue, Fort Detrick, Maryland, 21702 USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, ARS Research Participation Program, P.O. Box 117, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831 USA
| | - R. Zare
- Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - P. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Crous PW, Rossman AY, Aime MC, Allen WC, Burgess T, Groenewald JZ, Castlebury LA. Names of Phytopathogenic Fungi: A Practical Guide. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1500-1508. [PMID: 33487022 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-20-0512-per] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using the correct name for phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes is essential for communicating knowledge about species and their biology, control, and quarantine as well as for trade and research purposes. However, many plant pathogenic fungi are pleomorphic, meaning they produce different asexual (anamorph) and sexual (teleomorph) morphs in their life cycles. Therefore, more than one name has been applied to different morphs of the same species, which has confused users. The onset of DNA technologies makes it possible to connect different morphs of the same species, resulting in a move to a more natural classification system for fungi in which a single name for a genus and species can now be used. This move to a single nomenclature, coupled with the advent of molecular systematics and the introduction of polythetic taxonomic approaches, has been the main driving force for a reclassification of fungi, including pathogens. Nonetheless, finding the correct name for species remains challenging. In this article we outline a series of steps or considerations to greatly simplify this process and provide links to various online databases and resources to aid in determining the correct name. Additionally, a list of accurate names is provided for the most common genera and species of phytopathogenic fungi.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research Centre, Laboratory of Phytopathology, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amy Y Rossman
- Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, U.S.A
| | - M Catherine Aime
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, U.S.A
| | - W Cavan Allen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity & Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A
| | - Treena Burgess
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia
| | | | - Lisa A Castlebury
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service Mycology & Nematology Genetic Diversity & Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A
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10
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Zhao P, Crous P, Hou L, Duan W, Cai L, Ma Z, Liu F. Fungi of quarantine concern for China I: Dothideomycetes. PERSOONIA 2021; 47:45-105. [PMID: 38352971 PMCID: PMC10784663 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2023.47.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The current list of Chinese quarantine pests includes 130 fungal species. However, recent changes in the taxonomy of fungi following the one fungus = one name initiative and the implementation of DNA phylogeny in taxonomic revisions, resulted in many changes of these species names, necessitating an update of the current list. In addition, many quarantine fungi lack modern morphological descriptions and authentic DNA sequences, posing significant challenges for the development of diagnostic protocols. The aim of the present study was to review the taxonomy and names of the 33 Chinese quarantine fungi in Dothideomycetes, and provide reliable DNA barcodes to facilitate rapid identification. Of these, 23 names were updated according to the single name nomenclature system, including one new combination, namely Cophinforma tumefaciens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis tumefaciens). On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons, a new genus Xenosphaeropsis is introduced to accommodate the monotypic species Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens), the causal agent of a post-harvest disease of pears. Furthermore, four lectotypes (Ascochyta petroselini, Mycosphaerella ligulicola, Physalospora laricina, Sphaeria lingam), three epitypes (Ascochyta petroselini, Phoma lycopersici, Sphaeria lingam), and two neotypes (Ascochyta pinodella, Deuterophoma tracheiphila) are designated to stabilise the use of these names. A further four reference strains are introduced for Cophinforma tumefaciens, Helminthosporium solani, Mycocentrospora acerina, and Septoria linicola. In addition, to assist future studies on these important pathogens, we sequenced and assembled whole genomes for 17 species, including Alternaria triticina, Boeremia foveata, B. lycopersici, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Didymella glomerata, Didymella pinodella, Diplodia mutila, Helminthosporium solani, Mycocentrospora acerina, Neofusicoccum laricinum, Parastagonospora pseudonodorum, Plenodomus libanotidis, Plenodomus lingam, Plenodomus tracheiphilus, Septoria petroselini, Stagonosporopsis chrysanthemi, and Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens. Citation: Zhao P, Crous PW, Hou LW, et al. 2021. Fungi of quarantine concern for China I: Dothideomycetes. Persoonia 47: 45-105. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.47.02.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - L.W. Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - W.J. Duan
- Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Ningbo 315012, China
- Ningbo Customs District P. R. China, Ningbo 315012, China
| | - L. Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z.Y. Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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