1
|
Ibrahim RM, Abdel-Baki PM, Mohamed OG, Al-Karmalawy AA, Tripathi A, El-Shiekh RA. Metabolites profiling, in-vitro and molecular docking studies of five legume seeds for Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19637. [PMID: 39179586 PMCID: PMC11344142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68743-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though legumes are valuable medicinal plants with edible seeds that are extensively consumed worldwide, there is little information available on the metabolic variations between different dietary beans and their influence as potential anti-cholinesterase agents. High-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in positive and negative ionization modes combined with multivariate analysis were used to explore differences in the metabolic profiles of five commonly edible seeds, fava bean, black-eyed pea, kidney bean, red lentil, and chickpea. A total of 139 metabolites from various classes were identified including saponins, alkaloids, phenolic acids, iridoids, and terpenes. Chickpea showed the highest antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase effects, followed by kidney beans. Supervised and unsupervised chemometric analysis determined that species could be distinguished by their different discriminatory metabolites. The major metabolic pathways in legumes were also studied. Glycerophospholipid metabolism was the most significantly enriched KEGG pathway. Pearson's correlation analysis pinpointed 18 metabolites that were positively correlated with the anti-cholinesterase activity. Molecular docking of the biomarkers to the active sites of acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase enzymes revealed promising binding scores, validating the correlation results. The present study will add to the metabolomic analysis of legumes and their nutritional value and advocate their inclusion in anti-Alzheimer's formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana M Ibrahim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Ainy Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Passent M Abdel-Baki
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Ainy Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Osama G Mohamed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Ainy Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ashootosh Tripathi
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Ainy Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krylova EА, Mikhailova AS, Zinchenko YN, Perchuk IN, Razgonova MP, Khlestkina EK, Burlyaeva MO. The Content of Anthocyanins in Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Seeds and Contribution of the MYB Gene Cluster to Their Coloration Pattern. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3624. [PMID: 37896090 PMCID: PMC10609810 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The intensively pigmented legumes belonging to Phaseolus and Vigna spp. are valued as an essential component of healthy nutrition due to their high content of flavonoids. In this context, we used the accessions of Vigna unguiculata with different colors of seed coats from the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources collection as the main object of this research. We applied confocal laser scanning microscopy, biochemical analysis, and wide in silico and molecular genetic analyses to study the main candidate genes for anthocyanin pigmentation within the MYB cluster on chromosome 5. We performed statistical data processing. The anthocyanin content ranged from 2.96 mg/100 g DW in reddish-brown-seeded cowpea accessions to 175.16 mg/100 g DW in black-seeded ones. Laser microscopy showed that the autofluorescence in cowpea seeds was mainly caused by phenolic compounds. The maximum fluorescence was observed in the seed coat, while its dark color, due to the highest level of red fluorescence, pointed to the presence of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins. Genes of the MYB cluster on chromosome 5 demonstrated a high homology and were segregated into a separate clade. However, amplification products were not obtained for all genes because of the truncation of some genes. Statistical analysis showed a clear correlation between the high content of anthocyanins in cowpea seeds and the presence of PCR products with primers Vigun05g0393-300-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina А. Krylova
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
| | - Aleksandra S. Mikhailova
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
| | - Yulia N. Zinchenko
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
| | - Irina N. Perchuk
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
| | - Mayya P. Razgonova
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
- Advanced Engineering School, Institute of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Food Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Settlement, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Elena K. Khlestkina
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
| | - Marina O. Burlyaeva
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, B. Morskaya 42-44, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (A.S.M.); (Y.N.Z.); (I.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (E.K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fan M, Kim SA, Choi YJ, Tang Y, Yang HP, Kim EK. Anthocyanin oligomer (grape skin extract) administration improves dry eye disease: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 51:122-130. [PMID: 36703096 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry eye disease is a chronic, progressive ocular disease characterised by ocular discomfort and is one of the most common ophthalmological disorders that affects people's lives. METHODS This study investigated the clinical efficacy of anthocyanin oligomers (grape skin extract) for the treatment of dry eye. One hundred and eight patients with dry eye were randomly divided into placebo and treatment groups, each with 54 cases. The placebo group received maltodextrin (800 mg/day) and the treatment group received anthocyanin oligomers (800 mg/day). Clinical efficacy, clinical indices, and occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Anthocyanin oligomers were safe and effective in mild-to-moderate dry eye disease, improving the tear break-up time, intraocular pressure, ocular surface disease, and patient symptomatology. CONCLUSIONS The use of oral anthocyanin oligomers in the treatment of dry eye patients can enhance the therapeutic effect and improve the quality of life of patients while ensuring the safety of treatment, making this therapeutic option suitable for wider application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Fan
- Division of Food Bioscience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ah Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, SahmYook Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus program, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujiao Tang
- Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Hyun Pil Yang
- Technical R&D Center, Kitto Life Co., LTD, Pyeongtaek, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus program, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Center for Food & Bio Innovation, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choi M, Mukherjee S, Yun JW. Anthocyanin oligomers stimulate browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes via activation of the β3-adrenergic receptor and ERK signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6281-6294. [PMID: 34523169 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial fermentation of grape-skin extracts is found to synthesize anthocyanin oligomers (AO), which are more active than the monomeric anthocyanins that are effective for some metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. This study investigated the functional role of AO in 3T3-L1 white adipocyte metabolism, with a focus on inducing browning. To achieve this, we determined the expressions of core genes and protein markers responsible for browning and lipid metabolism in response to AO treatment of 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. AO exposure significantly increases the expressions of beige-specific genes (Cidea, Cited1, Ppargc1α, Prdm16, Tbx1, Tmem26, and Ucp1) and brown-fat signature proteins (UCP1, PRDM16, and PGC-1α), and suppresses the expressions of lipogenic marker proteins while enhancing the protein levels of lipolysis in white adipocytes. The mechanistic study revealed stimulation of white fat browning via activation of the β3-AR/PKA/p38 axis and ERK/CREB signaling pathway subsequent to AO treatment. In conclusion, our current findings indicate the beneficial effects of AO for the treatment of obesity with interesting properties such as regulating the browning of adipocytes and increasing thermogenic activity. Although further research based on animal models or clinical trials remains, AO treatment can bring more insights into the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minji Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulagna Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Teka TA, Retta N, Bultosa G, Udenigwe C, Shumoy H, Raes K. Phytochemical profiles and antioxidant capacity of improved cowpea varieties and landraces grown in Ethiopia. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|