Self-assembly of bile salts and their mixed aggregates as building blocks for smart aggregates

The present communication offers a comprehensive overview of the self-assembly of bile salts emphasizing their mixed smart aggregates with a variety of amphiphiles. Using an updated literature survey, we have explored the dissimilar interactions of bile salts with different types of surfactants, phospholipids, ionic liquids, drugs, and a variety of natural and synthetic polymers. While assembling this review, special attention was also provided to the potency of bile salts to alter the size/shape of aggregates formed by several amphiphiles to use these aggregates for solubility improvement of medicinally important compounds, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and also to develop their smart delivery vehicles. A fundamental understanding of bile salt mixed aggregates will enable the development of new strategies for improving the bioavailability of drugs solubilized in newly developed potential hosts and to formulate smart aggregates of desired morphology for specific targeted applications. It enriches our existing knowledge of the distinct interactions exerted in mixed systems of bile salts with variety of amphiphiles. By virtue of this, researchers can get innovative ideas to construct novel nanoaggregates from bile salts by incorporating various amphiphiles that serve as a building block for smart aggregates for their numerous industrial applications.

Self-Assembly, Interfacial, and Thermodynamic Properties of Antipsychotic Drug with Bile Salt in Water/Salt Solutions

Herein, we investigated the micelle formation of mixed systems of the antipsychotic drug, chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ), and the bile salt, sodium deoxycholate (NaDC), both in the absence and presence of NaCl by tensiometry. To understand the aggregation behaviour of the mixture of these two amphiphiles, we calculated various micellar and interfacial parameters using the theories of Clint, Rubingh, Rosen and Motomura. The calculated interaction parameters indicate an attractive interaction between the two amphiphiles both in the absence and presence of salt. The results were discussed with regard to the use of bile salt as a promising drug carrier for CPZ and the improvement of its bioavailability.