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Bowie J, Brunckhorst O, Stewart R, Dasgupta P, Ahmed K. Body image, self-esteem, and sense of masculinity in patients with prostate cancer: a qualitative meta-synthesis. J Cancer Surviv 2022; 16:95-110. [PMID: 33963973 PMCID: PMC8881246 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-021-01007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Body image, self-esteem, and masculinity are three interconnected constructs in men with prostate cancer, with profound effects on quality of life. This meta-synthesis aimed to evaluate all known qualitative studies published studying the effect of prostate cancer on these constructs. METHODS A systematic review utilising PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases up to May 2020 was conducted in line with PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines. All qualitative studies of men's experiences with body image, self-esteem, and masculinity whilst living with prostate cancer were included. A thematic meta-synthesis was conducted to identify emergent descriptive and analytical themes under the main study constructs. RESULTS Of 2188 articles identified, 68 were included. Eight descriptive themes were identified under two analytical themes: 'Becoming a Prostate Cancer Patient' and 'Becoming a Prostate Cancer Survivor'. These described the distress caused by changes to body image, sexual functioning, sense of masculinity, and self-esteem, and the subsequent discourses men engaged with to cope with and manage their disease. A key element was increased flexibility in masculinity definitions, and finding other ways to re-affirm masculinity. CONCLUSIONS Prostate cancer has an important effect on men's health post-diagnosis, and we identified strong relationships between each construct evaluated. The role of hegemonic masculinity is important when considering men's coping mechanisms and is also a key factor when addressing these constructs in counselling post-treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This meta-synthesis provides key topics that uniquely affect prostate cancer survivors, enabling these patients to be effectively counselled, and have their concerns recognised by clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bowie
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Oliver Brunckhorst
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Robert Stewart
- King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Prokar Dasgupta
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, UK
| | - Kamran Ahmed
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, UK.
- Department of Urology, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
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Oliffe JL, Rossnagel E, Kelly MT, Bottorff JL, Seaton C, Darroch F. Men's health literacy: a review and recommendations. Health Promot Int 2021; 35:1037-1051. [PMID: 31557281 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although men's health promotion efforts have attracted programmatic and evaluative research, conspicuously absent are gendered insights to men's health literacy. The current scoping review article shares the findings drawn from 12 published articles addressing men's health literacy in a range of health and illness contexts. Evident was consensus that approaches tailored to men's everyday language and delivered in familiar community-based spaces were central to advancing men's health literacy, and, by extension, the effectiveness of men's health promotion programs. However, most men's health literacy studies focussed on medical knowledge of disease contexts including prostate and colon cancers, while diversity was evident regards conceptual frameworks and/or methods and measures for evaluating men's health literacy. Despite evidence that low levels of health literacy fuel stigma and men's reticence for health help-seeking, and that tailoring programs to health literacy levels is requisite to effective men's health promotion efforts, the field of men's health literacy remains underdeveloped. Based on the scoping review findings, recommendations for future research include integrating men's health literacy research as a needs analysis to more effectively design and evaluate targeted men's health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emma Rossnagel
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary T Kelly
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia, Okanagan, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cherisse Seaton
- University of British Columbia, Okanagan, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Francine Darroch
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Seaton CL, Oliffe JL, Rice SM, Bottorff JL, Johnson ST, Gordon SJ, Chambers SK. Health Literacy Among Canadian Men Experiencing Prostate Cancer. Health Promot Pract 2019; 21:1004-1011. [PMID: 30791725 DOI: 10.1177/1524839919827576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to describe the health literacy of a sample of Canadian men with prostate cancer and explore whether sociodemographic and health factors were related to men's health literacy scores. A sample of 213 Canadian men (M age = 68.71 years, SD = 7.44) diagnosed with prostate cancer were recruited from an online prostate cancer support website. The men completed the Health Literacy Questionnaire along with demographic, comorbidity, and prostate cancer treatment-related questions online. Of the 5-point scales, men's health literacy scores were highest for "Understanding health information enough to know what to do" (M = 4.04, SD = 0.48) and lowest for "Navigating the health care system" (M = 3.80, SD = 0.58). Of the 4-point scales, men's scores were highest for "Feeling understood and supported by health care professionals" (M = 3.20, SD = 0.52) and lowest for "Having sufficient information to manage my health" (M = 2.97, SD = 0.46). Regression analyses indicated that level of education was positively associated with health literacy scores, and men without comorbidities had higher health literacy scores. Age and years since diagnosis were unrelated to health literacy. Support in health system navigation and self-management of health may be important targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Susan J Gordon
- Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanne K Chambers
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,University Technology Sydney, New South Wales (NSW), Australia
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Zanchetta MS, Cognet M, Lam-Kin-Teng MR, Dumitriu ME, Renaud L, Rhéaume J. From early detection to rehabilitation in the community: reading beyond the blog testimonies of survivors' quality of life and prostate cancer representation. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2016; 14:171. [PMID: 27986091 PMCID: PMC5162078 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-016-0568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Survivors’ testimonies can reveal much about men’s experiences of prostate cancer and impacts on their quality of life (QOL) during the clinical trajectory of the disease. These survivors’ shared thoughts and views were hypothesized to reflect salient features of their lived social representation of prostate cancer. Context We explored the content of testimonies posted by men to a public blog hosted by a French national prostate cancer patients’ association. The study question, “What do French bloggers’ testimonies reveal about their lived experiences with prostate cancer, especially regarding their quality of life in community settings, that underpin their social representation of prostate cancer?” guided the exploration and analysis of the textual data. The aims were to better understand men’s experiences and predominant thoughts and views, to elucidate patients’ behaviours, and to enlighten medical policy and practice. Purpose Explore issues of QOL as reported by French prostate cancer survivors in a public blog by: (a) identifying the salient aspects and issues of the experience of living with prostate cancer from the perspective of survivors; and (b) analyzing the content in the posted testimonies regarding perceived and lived impacts of prostate cancer on QOL. Methods A critical ethnographic study guided the selection of textual data from 196 male bloggers’ testimonies about prostate cancer posted in the period from 2008 to 2013. Media content analysis method was undertaken on blog testimonies, framed by a multidimensional conceptual framework of QOL. Results Testimonies focused mainly on medical care and rehabilitation, recovery, health education and self-care, as well as on a global vision of prostate cancer and its impacts on personal views of manhood and masculinity. The language used indicated that political, educative and compassionate discourses were intertwined to create a complex representation of the experience and effects of prostate cancer; this multi-faceted representation can inform the public and professional debate about men’s capacity to provide emotional support and problem-solve within a community of interest. Conclusion Findings, while based on data limited to mostly one-time entries to a French blog, contribute to understanding a unique, collective expression of men’s lived experiences of prostate cancer. These anonymous survivors shared their varied reactions, ways of coping, and thoughts on needed change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareth Santos Zanchetta
- Ryerson University- Faculty of Community Services, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, 350 Victoria St. office POD 470C, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Marguerite Cognet
- Université Denis Diderot- UFR Sciences sociales, Unité de recherche Migrations et Sociétés, Paris, France
| | - Mary Rachel Lam-Kin-Teng
- Ryerson University- Faculty of Community Services, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, 350 Victoria St. office POD 470C, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Marie Elisabeth Dumitriu
- Ryerson University- Faculty of Community Services, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, 350 Victoria St. office POD 470C, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Lise Renaud
- Université du Québec à Montréal, CSSS de la Montagne, Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jacques Rhéaume
- CSSS de la Montagne, Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Zanchetta MS, Maheu C, Kolisnyk O, Mohamed M, Guruge S, Kinslikh D, Christopher JJ, Stevenson M, SanJose C, Sizto T, Byam A. Canadian Men's Self-Management of Chronic Diseases: A Literature Analysis of Strategies for Dealing With Risks and Promoting Wellness. Am J Mens Health 2015; 11:1077-1095. [PMID: 25804217 DOI: 10.1177/1557988315577674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the qualitative research on men's self-management of mental and physical chronic diseases, with emphasis on strategies for dealing with risks and promoting wellness. Using Bardin's method of document analysis, it was focused on the findings of Canadian qualitative studies published in French or English from 2005 to 2011. Boltanski's theory on social uses of the body inspired the analysis. Living with a chronic disease threatens men's sense of masculinity and self-image, as well as their perceived ability to fulfill expected social roles. Social images of men's bodies influence how men express their emotions, attributes, and attitudes, or acknowledge the need for and seek social affirmation. Self-management has been documented in Canadian qualitative literature as a complex phenomenon influenced by the social environment, personal capacities, feelings, perceptions, and potentials. The extent of how all these features interact within the scope of men's mental and physical health and illness experiences was partially revealed in this study. The findings underscore the social invisibility of men's bodies, especially those of men facing social inequities. Attending to principles of social justice can ensure that future research on men's health will amplify the range of men's voices and allow them to be heard. Recommendations address also the international scientific community interested in advancing men's health research, especially in those countries that lack a national men's health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Maheu
- 2 McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,3 Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olesya Kolisnyk
- 4 Centennial College & University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Terry Sizto
- 1 Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Byam
- 1 Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wenger LM, Oliffe JL, Bottorff JL. Psychosocial Oncology Supports for Men: A Scoping Review and Recommendations. Am J Mens Health 2014; 10:39-58. [PMID: 25389212 DOI: 10.1177/1557988314555361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although men's cancer experiences have received limited attention within the field of psychosocial oncology, increasing attention is being devoted to the development and evaluation of men-centered programs. This scoping review describes this emergent body of literature, detailing the focus, participation, and impact of interventions designed to help men with cancer build illness-specific knowledge, adapt to illness, manage side effects, distress, and uncertainty, sustain relationships, and more. Striving to build on existing knowledge, research gaps and opportunities are discussed, including a need for stronger methodologies, more tailored and targeted supports, attention to the experiences of men with nonprostate cancers, and the explicit integration of gender analyses in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Wenger
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia; Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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7
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Oliffe JL, Chambers S, Garrett B, Bottorff JL, McKenzie M, Han CS, Ogrodniczuk JS. Prostate cancer support groups: Canada-based specialists' perspectives. Am J Mens Health 2014; 9:163-72. [PMID: 25061087 PMCID: PMC4361490 DOI: 10.1177/1557988314543510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand prostate cancer (PCa) specialists' views about prostate cancer support groups (PCSGs), a volunteer sample of Canada-based PCa specialists (n = 150), including urologists (n = 100), radiation oncologists (n = 40), and medical oncologists (n = 10) were surveyed. The 56-item questionnaire used in this study included six sets of attitudinal items to measure prostate cancer specialists' beliefs about positive and negative influences of PCSGs, reasons for attending PCSGs, the attributes of effective PCSGs, and the value of face-to-face and web-based PCSGs. In addition, an open-ended question was included to invite additional input from participants. Results showed that PCSGs were positively valued, particularly for information sharing, education and psychosocial support. Inclusivity, privacy, and accessibility were identified as potential barriers, and recommendations were made for better marketing PCSGs to increase engagement. Findings suggest prostate cancer specialists highly valued the role and potential benefits of face-to-face PCSGs. Information provision and an educational role were perceived as key benefits. Some concerns were expressed about the ability of web-based PCSGs to effectively engage and educate men who experience prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Bernie Garrett
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada and Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael McKenzie
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver Cancer Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christina S Han
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Llinares Insa L, Benedito Monleón MA, Piqueras Espallargas Á. El enfermo de cáncer: una aproximación a su representación social. PSICOLOGIA & SOCIEDADE 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-71822010000200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo el análisis de la representación social del cáncer y de los enfermos oncológicos en la población española. Para ello se entrevistaron a 200 sujetos elegidos mediante muestreo al azar. El método utilizado fue la realización de entrevistas estructuradas que contenían asociaciones libres de palabras ante términos estimulo y preguntas semicerradas. Las respuestas obtenidas son analizadas a partir de análisis descriptivos y análisis de contenido. Los resultados nos indican que existe una representación social del cáncer y del enfermo oncológico y que parte de ella sufre variaciones en función de la pertenencia a determinadas categorías o grupos sociales. Estos resultados son relevantes en el contexto sanitario ya que dicho conocimiento permite a los sanitarios analizar su comunicación con el paciente y poder llevar a cabo un trato diferenciado del enfermo de cáncer, no por su pertenencia social a un grupo de enfermos determinado sino por sus peculiaridades personales lo que incrementa la efectividad de la acción profesional.
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