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Cho MC, Yoo S, Choo MS, Son H, Jeong H. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is a predictor of clinically significant prostate cancer at prostate biopsy. Prostate 2021; 81:1278-1286. [PMID: 34516662 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays critical roles at different stages of carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Several previous studies showed conflicting results for the predictive role of systemic inflammation markers in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancers (CSPCs). We aimed to determine the predictive roles of lymphocyte-to-monocyte (LMR) and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (ELR) in the detection of CSPC at standard 12-core transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (12-core-TRUS-Bx) using our large-cohort database. METHODS Clinical and pathological data of a total of 1740 men, who underwent initial standard 12-core TRUS-Bx, were analyzed. LMR and ELR were calculated from the prebiopsy complete blood count. Definitions of CSPC, LMR, and ELR were "Gleason grade group ≥2," "the lymphocyte counts/the monocyte counts," and "the eosinophil counts/the lymphocyte counts," respectively. RESULTS Median (interquartile range) of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and prostatic volume before TRUS-Bx were 7.59 (5.02-13.12) ng/ml and 38.2 (29.0-52.9) ml, respectively. Benign prostatic lesions, clinically insignificant prostate cancers (CIPCs), and CSPCs were detected in 1179 (67.8%), 180 (10.3%), and 381 (21.9%) patients, respectively. The patients with CSPCs had older age, a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus or hypertension, a higher rate of digital rectal examination abnormality, higher serum PSA level, lower serum testosterone level, and lower LMR than those with benign lesions or CIPCs. However, there was no difference in ELR among the three (benign lesions, CIPCs and CSPCs). In all the patients, multivariate regression analysis showed that lower LMR was an independent predictor of CSPCs compared with ELR. In the subset of men with prostate volume ≥39.3 ml, lower LMR was an independent predictor of CSPCs compared with ELR. In the subset of men with prostate volume <39.3 ml, men with lower LMR showed the tendency of having a higher probability of CSPCs without any statistical significance on the contrary to ELR. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that LMR can play an independent predictive role in the detection of CSPCs at initial 12-core-TRUS-Bx compared with ELR. The predictive role of the LMR appears to be significant for men with larger prostate volume rather than those with smaller prostate volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chul Cho
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangjun Yoo
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Choo
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwancheol Son
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Novel Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: Aetiology, Clinical Performance and Sensing Applications. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9080205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The review initially provides a short introduction to prostate cancer (PCa) incidence, mortality, and diagnostics. Next, the need for novel biomarkers for PCa diagnostics is briefly discussed. The core of the review provides details about PCa aetiology, alternative biomarkers available for PCa diagnostics besides prostate specific antigen and their biosensing. In particular, low molecular mass biomolecules (ions and metabolites) and high molecular mass biomolecules (proteins, RNA, DNA, glycoproteins, enzymes) are discussed, along with clinical performance parameters.
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Sonmez G, Demirtas T, Tombul ST, Akgun H, Demirtas A. Diagnostic efficiency of systemic immune-inflammation index in fusion prostate biopsy. Actas Urol Esp 2021; 45:359-365. [PMID: 34088435 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of systemic immune response (SII) in prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with PSA < 10 ng/mL undergoing fusion prostate biopsy. METHODS The prospective study included patients who were planned for fusion prostate biopsy and had PSA < 10 ng/mL and a PI-RADS ≥ 3. All the patients underwent 12-core standard transrectal prostate biopsy followed targeted biopsy (combined biopsy). Based on preoperative complete blood count parameters, SII was calculated using the following formula: SII = platelet × neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Correlations between PI-RADS score, platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, PSA, PSA density, SII and PCa were determined using ROC curve analysis. Optimal cut-off values were determined using the maximum Youden Index (defined as: sensitivity + specificity - 1). RESULTS The study included 508 patients with a mean age of 62.49 ± 6.86 years and a median PSA level of 7.28 (5.69-8.70) ng/mL. The overall clinically significant PCa rate was 39.4%. Although SII had no significant diagnostic value in PCa patients with low ISUP grades (grade 1 and 2) (AUC = 0.487, P = 0.622), it was revealed as a significant marker in PCa patients with an ISUP grade ≥ 3 (AUC = 0.811, P < 0.001). The cut-off value of SII was 533.0. While the combination of SII with PI-RADS score is the most effective marker, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet were also revealed as effective markers in predicting ISUP grade 3-5 PCa, though not as effective as SII. CONCLUSION SII and SII combination with PI-RADS score appear to be a significant diagnostic marker in patients with high-grade PCa (ISUP grade 3-5). These values were found to be higher compared to those of patients with a benign pathology and patients with lower ISUP scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sonmez
- Assistant Prof., MD, Department of Urology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - T Demirtas
- MD, Department of Medical History and Ethics, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - S T Tombul
- MD, Department of Urology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - H Akgun
- Prof., MD, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - A Demirtas
- Prof., MD, Department of Urology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Merder E, Arıman A, Dinçer S, Altunrende F. Can we use neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis and prediction of extracapsular extension in localized prostate cancer? Urologia 2021; 89:203-209. [PMID: 33960239 DOI: 10.1177/03915603211014864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the diagnosis and prediction of extracapsular extension (ECE) in clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 396 patients with clinically localized PCa who underwent open radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), and 260 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent suprapubic prostatectomy were included in the study. Preoperative NLR, prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific antigen density (PSAD), free PSA, prostate volume (PV), free/total PSA (f/t PSA) in both groups, and relation of NLR with PSA, Gleason Score (GS), and pathologic stage in PCa group were investigated. Records of patients were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS NLR, free PSA, f/t PSA, and PV were statistically higher in BHP, and PSAD was higher in PCa group. In PCa group, NLR was found to be higher in patients with PSA >10 ng/ml compared to those with less than ⩽10 ng/ml. NLR increases as the preoperative GS increases, and it was higher in pT3 patients than pT2 patients. NLR was statistically higher in those patients with positive lymph nodes than those without after RRP (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION NLR is not a sufficient biomarker in differentiating clinically localized PCa from BPH. NLR increases as preoperative GS and pathologic stage increases. Lymph node involved patients after RRP have statistically higher NLR. NLR can be an indicator of ECE and lymph-node involvement in clinically localized PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Merder
- Urology, Prof.Dr.Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Arıman
- Urology, Prof.Dr.Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selvi Dinçer
- Prof.Dr.Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital Radiation Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul
| | - Fatih Altunrende
- Urology, Prof.Dr.Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sonmez G, Demirtas T, Tombul S, Akgun H, Demirtas A. Diagnostic efficiency of systemic immune-inflammation index in fusion prostate biopsy. Actas Urol Esp 2021. [PMID: 33640195 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of systemic immune response (SII) in prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with PSA<10ng/ml undergoing fusion prostate biopsy. METHODS The prospective study included patients who were planned for fusion prostate biopsy and had PSA<10ng/ml and a PI-RADS≥3. All the patients underwent 12-core standard transrectal prostate biopsy followed targeted biopsy (combined biopsy). Based on preoperative complete blood count parameters, SII was calculated using the following formula: SII=platelet×neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Correlations between PI-RADS score, platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, PSA, PSA density, SII and PCa were determined using ROC curve analysis. Optimal cut-off values were determined using the maximum Youden Index (defined as: sensitivity+specificity-1). RESULTS The study included 508 patients with a mean age of 62.49±6.86 years and a median PSA level of 7.28 (5.69-8.70) ng/ml. The overall clinically significant PCa rate was 39.4%. Although SII had no significant diagnostic value in PCa patients with low ISUP grades (grade 1 and 2) (AUC=0.487, P=.622), it was revealed as a significant marker in PCa patients with an ISUP grade≥3 (AUC=0.811, P<.001). The cut-off value of SII was 533.0. While the combination of SII with PI-RADS score is the most effective marker, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet were also revealed as effective markers in predicting ISUP grade 3-5 PCa, though not as effective as SII. CONCLUSION SII and SII combination with PI-RADS score appear to be a significant diagnostic marker in patients with high-grade PCa (ISUP grade 3-5). These values were found to be higher compared to those of patients with a benign pathology and patients with lower ISUP scores.
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Barani M, Sabir F, Rahdar A, Arshad R, Kyzas GZ. Nanotreatment and Nanodiagnosis of Prostate Cancer: Recent Updates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1696. [PMID: 32872181 PMCID: PMC7559844 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication and development of nanomaterials for the treatment of prostate cancer have gained significant appraisal in recent years. Advancements in synthesis of organic and inorganic nanomaterials with charge, particle size, specified geometry, ligand attachment etc have resulted in greater biocompatibility and active targeting at cancer site. Despite all of the advances made over the years in discovering drugs, methods, and new biomarkers for cancer of the prostate (PCa), PCa remains one of the most troubling cancers among people. Early on, effective diagnosis is an essential part of treating prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or serum prostate-specific antigen is the best serum marker widely accessible for diagnosis of PCa. Numerous efforts have been made over the past decade to design new biosensor-based strategies for biomolecules detection and PSA miniaturization biomarkers. The growing nanotechnology is expected to have a significant effect in the immediate future on scientific research and healthcare. Nanotechnology is thus predicted to find a way to solve one of the most and long-standing problem, "early cancer detection". For early diagnosis of PCa biomarkers, different nanoparticles with different approaches have been used. In this review, we provide a brief description of the latest achievements and advances in the use of nanoparticles for PCa biomarker diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Barani
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616914111, Iran;
| | - Fakhara Sabir
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran
| | - Rabia Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - George Z. Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece
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Djaballah-Ider F, Touil-Boukoffa C. Effect of combined colchicine-corticosteroid treatment on neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio: a predictive marker in Behçet disease activity. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:819-829. [PMID: 32227261 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Behçet's disease (BD) is an auto-immune vasculitis, characterized by episodic inflammation of multiple organs. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is used as a marker of inflammation in several diseases nowadays. While nitric oxide (NO) seem to be involved in BD pathogenicity. Our study aims to investigate the NLR as an inflammatory marker of BD activity as well as to evaluate the relationship between the NO production and NLR in Algerian BD patients with different clinical manifestations before and under colchicine + corticosteroid treatment. METHODS For this purpose, we evaluated the NLR as the ratio of neutrophil count to lymphocyte count in naïve and treated active BD patients with different clinical manifestations and in inactive ones. Furthermore, we assessed NO production by the Griess' method in the same patients. Additionally, we evaluated in vivo interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels using ELISA. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Our results indicate that the NLR and nitrite levels were higher in naïve active BD patients. Interestingly, this high ratio and NO production differed according to the clinical manifestations and was associated with an increased risk of mucocutaneous and vascular involvement. Importantly, in treated BD patients NLR was higher in active patients especially in those with mucocutaneous involvement while increased nitrites levels were regardless of the clinical manifestations studied. Both NLR and NO production decreased in these treated active patients. In addition, IL-4 production differed according to the clinical manifestations studied contrary to the IFN-γ production. CONCLUSION Collectively our results suggest that the NLR is a potential marker of BD activity in Algerian patients, predicting the disease severity. Moreover, the positive relationship between the NLR and NO production is related to an increased risk of mucocutaneous lesions and vascular involvement. Thus, the application of these two accessible tools could be benefit for the clinical prognosis and treatment of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmazohra Djaballah-Ider
- Cytokines and NO-Synthases, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Faculty of Biological Science, USTHB, PB 32, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chafia Touil-Boukoffa
- Cytokines and NO-Synthases, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology (LBCM), Faculty of Biological Science, USTHB, PB 32, 16111, Algiers, Algeria.
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