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Guo QY, Song JN, Chen YM, Yuan HN, Xue WS, Sun Y, Niu XL, Wang Y, Chen X. IL-6 regulates epithelial ovarian cancer EMT, invasion, and metastasis by modulating Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:155. [PMID: 38744773 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) play important roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and tumor development. Previous studies have demonstrated that IL-6 promotes EMT, invasion, and metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells by activating the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. MicroRNA (miRNA) is non-coding small RNAs that also play an important role in tumor development. Notably, Let-7 and miR-200 families are prominently altered in EOC. However, whether IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7 and miR-200 families through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling to induce EMT in EOC remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo investigations using two EOC cell lines, SKOV3, and OVCAR3 cells. Our findings demonstrate that IL-6 down-regulates the mRNA levels of Let-7c and miR-200c while up-regulating their target genes HMGA2 and ZEB1 through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling in EOC cells and in vivo. Additionally, to explore the regulatory role of HIF-1α on miRNAs, both exogenous HIF blockers YC-1 and endogenous high expression or inhibition of HIF-1α can be utilized. Both approaches can confirm that the downstream molecule HIF-1α inhibits the expression and function of Let-7c and miR-200c. Further mechanistic research revealed that the overexpression of Let-7c or miR-200c can reverse the malignant evolution of EOC cells induced by IL-6, including EMT, invasion, and metastasis. Consequently, our results suggest that IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway, thereby promoting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in EOC cells.
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MESH Headings
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Humans
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Female
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Signal Transduction
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Mice, Nude
- Mice
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yun Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Technology, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jiang Nan Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yu Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hai Ning Yuan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen Shu Xue
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xiu Long Niu
- Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Dermatosis in Alpine Environment of Plateau, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
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Liquid Biopsy and Circulating Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Precancerous and Cancerous Oral Lesions. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040060. [PMID: 36005828 PMCID: PMC9414906 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, accounting for 2% of all cases annually and 1.8% of all cancer deaths. To date, tissue biopsy and histopathological analyses are the gold standard methods for the diagnosis of oral cancers. However, oral cancer is generally diagnosed at advanced stages with a consequent poor 5-year survival (~50%) due to limited screening programs and inefficient physical examination strategies. To address these limitations, liquid biopsy is recently emerging as a novel minimally invasive tool for the early identification of tumors as well as for the evaluation of tumor heterogeneity and prognosis of patients. Several studies have demonstrated that liquid biopsy in oral cancer could be useful for the detection of circulating biomarkers including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, and exosomes, thus improving diagnostic strategies and paving the way to personalized medicine. However, the application of liquid biopsy in oral cancer is still limited and further studies are needed to better clarify its clinical impact. The present manuscript aims to provide an updated overview of the potential use of liquid biopsy as an additional tool for the management of oral lesions by describing the available methodologies and the most promising biomarkers.
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Vallina C, López-Pintor RM, González-Serrano J, de Vicente JC, Hernández G, Lorz C. Genes involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral cancer: A systematic review. Oral Oncol 2021; 117:105310. [PMID: 33901766 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered the initial step in the invasion-metastasis cascade. The aim of this systematic review was to study the signature of genes involved in the EMT process in oral cancer (OC) confirmed by protein expression and its possible relationship with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) prognostic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of the scientific literature was carried out with no start date restriction until 17 September 2020 in the electronic databases Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus, following specific eligibility criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool. RESULTS A total of 8 retrospective cohort studies were included, all of them performed in China and with low risk of bias. Overexpression of the genes HNRNPC, ITGA5, HMGA2 and SRSF3, and low expression of ALDH3A1 and ARID2 promote EMT in OC. The more advanced clinical stages of the TNM classification were significantly associated with overexpression of HNRNPC, ITGA5, HMGA2 and SRSF3, and low expression of ARID2. CONCLUSIONS HNRNPC, ITGA5, HMGA2, SRSF3, ALDH3A1 and ARID2 genes were associated with EMT process. Over- or under-expression of these genes is associated with worse stages of OSCC and/or worse prognosis of the tumor. Further studies on this topic are needed in different countries to be able to confirm these results, since the detection of these genes can help to know which tumors have a worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Vallina
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Oviedo University, Julián clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosa María López-Pintor
- ORALMED Research Group, Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, School of Dentistry, Complutense University, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José González-Serrano
- ORALMED Research Group, Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, School of Dentistry, Complutense University, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos de Vicente
- ORALMED Research Group, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Central Universitario de Asturias (HUCA), Carretera de Rubín s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Hernández
- ORALMED Research Group, Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, School of Dentistry, Complutense University, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Corina Lorz
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Environmental and Technological Energy Research Center (CIEMAT), Avd. Complutense 40, 28040, Spain; Research Institute 12 de Octubre i+12, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Ave Córdoba s/n, 28041, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Ave Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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