Association between Prestored Smartphone Monitored Physical Activity and the Risk of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer

Healthy lifestyle and HPV infection risk: results from a cross-sectional study

Background

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection constitutes a significant global public health challenge despite the widespread implementation of vaccination programs, with infection rates persistently high. Recent studies suggest that lifestyle factors including diet quality (DQ) and physical activity (PA) could play a pivotal role in the mitigation of HPV infections. This investigation explored the influence of DQ, PA, and a healthy lifestyle on the incidence of HPV infection in adult women.

Methods

Data from 5,308 women aged 20-59 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016. DQ and PA were measured using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), respectively, creating four lifestyle groups based on how well they matched dietary and activity guidelines. The associations between key factors and HPV infection were explored using multivariate logistic regression, trend tests, and interaction tests.

Results

Fully adjusted multivariable logistic regression models revealed an inverse association between the risk of HPV infection and higher levels of PA (OR = 0.914; 95% CI: 0.854-0.979) as well as DQ (OR = 0.993; 95% CI: 0.989-0.998). Individuals in the highest tertile of DQ displayed a reduced risk of HPV infection relative to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.846; 95% CI: 0.726-0.986). Belonging to the third quintile of PA was linked to a lower risk of HPV infection than the lowest quintile (OR = 0.823; 95% CI: 0.681-0.995). Subgroups adhering to a healthy DQ were linked to a lower risk of HPV infection irrespective of PA meeting guideline recommendations.

Conclusion

Our findings underscore the importance of a healthy diet in conjunction with appropriate PA in preventing HPV infection, offering new insights for public health policies and interventions.

The lifestyle factors of physical activity and diet balance associated with HPV infection in China: The cross-sectional study

Background

Human wellbeing has been linked with lifestyle factors such as physical activity, diet balance, sleep quality, depression, and anxiety. However, few studies illustrate the relationship between such lifestyle factors and HPV infection. In this study, we investigated the association between lifestyle factors, age, disease status and HPV infection.

Participants and methods

Participants were recruited through a digital eHealth platform in Shenzhen, Mainland China. Both lifestyle factors and cervicovaginal mucus (CVM) samples to test for HPV outcomes were collected from each participant as a cross-sectional study. In addition, the eHealth platform recorded age and current or history diseases, which were adjusted to apply for both univariable and multivariable logistic regression. Furthermore, lifestyle factors were categorized as different levels to conduct stratification analysis.

Results

We recruited 149 HPV positive and 346 HPV negative participants through HPV detection. Physical activity and diet balance were significantly associated with HPV infection in lifestyle factors (P values < 0.001) after adjusting for age and current or history diseases. However, stratified analysis showed three factors were insignificant for HPV infection - namely, sleep quality, depression, and anxiety. Most HPV infections involved a sole HPV serotype (83%), and diet balance was the most significant difference between sole and multiple HPV infections.

Conclusions

Among lifestyle factors, physical inactivity or diet imbalance can significantly increase HPV infection risk. In particular, diet balance might be related to the number of HPV serotypes. Our results suggest that exercising and regulating diet may reduce the risk of HPV infection.