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Yi X, Latch EK. Systematics of the New World bats Eptesicus and Histiotus suggest trans-marine dispersal followed by Neotropical cryptic diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 175:107582. [PMID: 35810969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity can be boosted by colonization of new habitats such as remote islands and separated continents. Molecular studies have suggested that recently evolved organisms probably colonized already separated continents by dispersal, either via land bridge connections or crossing the ocean. Here we test the on-land and trans-marine dispersal hypotheses by evaluating possibilities of colonization routes over the Bering land bridge and across the Atlantic Ocean in the cosmopolitan bat genus Eptesicus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae). Previous molecular studies have found New World Eptesicus more closely related to Histiotus, a Neotropical endemic lineage with enlarged ears, than to Old World Eptesicus. However, phylogenetic relationships within the New World group remained unresolved and their evolutionary history was unclear. Here we studied the systematics of New World Eptesicus and Histiotus using extensive taxonomic and geographic sampling, and genomic data from thousands of ultra-conserved elements (UCEs). We estimated phylogenetic trees using concatenation and multispecies coalescent. All analyses supported four major New World clades and a novel topology where E. fuscus and Histiotus are sister clades that together diverged from two sister clades of Neotropical Eptesicus. Intra-clade divergence suggested cryptic diversity that has been concealed by morphological features, especially in the Neotropics where taxonomic re-evaluations are warranted. Molecular dating estimated that Old World and New World clades diverged around 17 million years ago followed by radiation of major New World clades in the mid-Miocene, when climatic changes might have facilitated global dispersal and radiation events. Biogeographic ancestral reconstruction supported the Neotropical origin of the New World clades, suggesting a trans-Atlantic colonization route from North Africa to the northern Neotropics. We highlight that trans-marine dispersal may be more prevalent than currently acknowledged and may be an important first step to global biodiversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Yi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA.
| | - Emily K Latch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
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Kafash A, Ashrafi S, Yousefi M. Modeling habitat suitability of bats to identify high priority areas for field monitoring and conservation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:25881-25891. [PMID: 34851481 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bats provide important ecosystem services but face severe threats due to land and climate changes. Although bats are an important component of mammal diversity in Iran, the ecology of many species remains virtually unstudied in the country. Here we applied the maximum entropy approach to model habitat suitability of bat species in Iran, identify the most important variables for their distribution, predict high priority areas for field monitoring and conservation, and estimate the coverage of the bat species' suitable habitats by the existing protected areas. We created a richness map for the twelve species to identify high priority areas for field monitoring and conservation. The results of species distribution modeling showed that Pipistrellus kuhlii (828,977.2 km2) and Miniopterus pallidus (646,581.9 km2) had the largest distribution ranges and Rhinopoma microphyllum (211,202.7 km2) and Rousettus aegyptiacus (218,278.6 km2) had the smallest distribution ranges in Iran. By averaging the importance of each ecological variable across the 12 species, we found that distance to forests (with a negative association) is the most important ecological driver of bat distribution in Iran. The Zagros Mountains were identified as a hotspot of bats based on the distribution of the 12 species. Our findings showed that small proportions of each species suitable habitats were covered by protected areas and protected suitable habitats varied from 3.2%for Pipistrellus kuhlii to15.9% for Tadarida teniotis. This study highlights the importance of forests for bat conservation showing that forest conservation is a high priority in the country. Areas which have the highest richness should be prioritized for field monitoring and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anooshe Kafash
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sohrab Ashrafi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Yousefi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Velazco PM, Almeida FC, Cláudio VC, Giménez AL, Giannini NP. A New Species of Histiotus Gervais, 1856 (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae), from the Pacific Coast of Northern Peru. AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1206/3979.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Diet and resource partitioning in Patagonian bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae and Molossidae). MAMMAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-021-00574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pacheco V, Sánchez-Vendizú P, Loaiza Salazar CR, Pino K, Medina C, Vivas-Ruiz D. A revision of Neusticomys peruviensis (Rodentia: Cricetidae) with the description of a new subspecies. J Mammal 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Neusticomys peruviensis is a poorly known sigmodontine rodent of the tribe Ichthyomyini, represented in collections by only five specimens collected in five localities from lowland forests of central and southern Peru. Recent expeditions in Llanchama, in northern Peru, north of the Río Amazonas, and near Allpahuayo Mishana Natural Reserve (Loreto, Peru), were successful in obtaining three specimens of Neusticomys. Based on morphological and meristic data, we found the population at Llanchama is distinct from the allopatric populations of N. peruviensis, and other species of Neusticomys. A species distribution model also shows the population at Llanchama is not highly predicted by the set of variables of the known localities of N. peruviensis. However, sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene indicate that genetic distinctiveness is low. Because intraspecific variability is important to understand evolutionary and biogeographic processes, and in concordance with the polytypic species concept, we interpret the population at Llanchama to represent a new subspecies of N. peruviensis that we describe in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Pacheco
- Departamento de Mastozoología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-11, Peru
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas “Antonio Raimondi”, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-1, Perú
| | - Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú
- Departamento de Mastozoología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-11, Peru
| | - Christian R Loaiza Salazar
- Departamento de Mastozoología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-11, Peru
| | - Kateryn Pino
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa, Perú
| | - César Medina
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa, Perú
| | - Dan Vivas-Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas “Antonio Raimondi”, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-1, Perú
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Lisón F, Jiménez‐Franco MV, Altamirano A, Haz Á, Calvo JF, Jones G. Bat ecology and conservation in semi‐arid and arid landscapes: a global systematic review. Mamm Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fulgencio Lisón
- Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Conservación Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de La Frontera Box‐45D Temuco Chile
- Departamento de Zoología Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile
| | - María V. Jiménez‐Franco
- Área de Ecología Departamento de Biología Aplicada Universidad Miguel Hernández Avda. Universidad, s/n. Edf. Vinalopó 03202 Elche, Alicante Spain
- Department of Ecological Modelling UFZ‐Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research D‐04301 Leipzig Germany
| | - Adison Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Conservación Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de La Frontera Box‐45D Temuco Chile
| | - Ángeles Haz
- Paseo Rosales 10 4D, Molina de Segura 30500 Murcia Spain
| | - José F. Calvo
- Departamento de Ecología e Hidrología Universidad de Murcia 30100 Campus de Espinardo Murcia Spain
| | - Gareth Jones
- School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol 24 Tyndall Avenue BS8 1TQ Bristol UK
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Ruiz Barlett T, Martin GM, Laguna MF, Abramson G, Monjeau A. Climatic constraints and the distribution of Patagonian mice. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
We generated potential distribution models for 14 sigmodontine rodent species that inhabit the Andean–Patagonian forest region and adjacent areas, and retrieved the main climatic variables responsible for these models. Our main objective was to compare these climatic variables and the distribution patterns generated for each species, and explore the effects of the physical environment in shaping the composition of rodent communities in the area. We retrieved a total of 1,215 records of species presence from 580 sites. Maxent was used to generate potential distribution models for the 14 rodent species studied. We used a total of 20 variables obtained from the WorldClim database, including elevation and 19 bioclimatic variables, in addition to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Our results showed a clear discrimination between two groups of rodents, one concentrated in the western part of our study area, with more humid climate and a rugged mountainous and discontinuous habitat, and another inhabiting the eastern, drier part of our study area, which appears to be more uniform in habitat characteristics. These groups showed a mosaic of phylogenetically non-related species from different tribes, that probably arrived or expanded into Patagonia during the last millennia. The overlap of all models showed the forest-steppe ecotone east of Nahuel Huapi Lake and south to −43° latitude as the area with the highest species richness (8–11 species). All species showed a high correspondence with temperature and precipitation that define patterns at a landscape scale, with little to very little information contained in the typical vegetation variables that would define local conditions.
En este trabajo generamos modelos de distribución potencial para cada especie de roedor sigmodontino que habita la región de los bosques andino-patagónicos y áreas adyacentes, identificando las principales variables climáticas que influyen en dichas distribuciones. Nuestro principal objetivo fue comparar las variables climáticas y los patrones de distribución generados para cada especie, y explorar los efectos del entorno físico en la composición de los ensambles de especies. Recopilamos un total de 1215 registros de presencia de especies de 580 sitios. Se utilizó MaxEnt para generar los modelos de distribución potencial de las 14 especies de roedores estudiadas, con 20 variables obtenidas de la base de datos WorldClim, incluida la elevación, 19 variables bioclimáticas, además del NDVI y EVI. Nuestros resultados muestran una clara discriminación entre dos grupos de roedores, uno concentrado en el área occidental, con un clima más húmedo y montañoso, y otro que habita en el área más seca del este. Curiosamente, estos grupos muestran un mosaico de especies, filogenéticamente no relacionadas y de diferentes tribus, que probablemente llegaron o se expandieron en la Patagonia durante los últimos milenios. La superposición de todos los modelos muestra el ecotono bosque-estepa, al este del lago Nahuel Huapi y hacia el sur hasta los -43°, como la zona más rica en especies (8 a 11 especies). Todas las especies muestran una alta correspondencia con las variables ambientales (temperatura y precipitación) que definen patrones a escala del paisaje, con muy poca información contenida en las variables típicas de la vegetación que definirían las condiciones locales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel M Martin
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CIEMEP), CONICET – Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia, Roca 780 CP 9200, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evolución y Biodiversidad (LIEB), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, CP9200, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - María Fabiana Laguna
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and CONICET, R8402AGP San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Abramson
- Centro Atómico Bariloche and CONICET, R8402AGP San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto Balseiro, R8402AGP San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Adrián Monjeau
- Fundacion Bariloche and CONICET, R8402AGP, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
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Giménez AL, Giannini NP. The endemic Patagonian vespertilionid assemblage is a depauperate ecomorphological vicariant of species-rich neotropical assemblages. Curr Zool 2018; 63:495-505. [PMID: 29492009 PMCID: PMC5804208 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vespertilionidae is the most diverse chiropteran family, and its diversity is concentrated in warm regions of the World; however, due to physiological and behavioral adaptations, these bats also dominate bat faunas in temperate regions. Here we performed a comparative study of vespertilionid assemblages from two broad regions of the New World, the cold and harsh Patagonia, versus the remaining temperate-to-subtropical, extra-Patagonian eco-regions of the South American Southern Cone. We took an ecomorphological approach and analyzed the craniodental morphological structure of these assemblages within a phylogenetic framework. We measured 17 craniodental linear variables from 447 specimens of 22 currently recognized vespertilionid species of the study regions. We performed a multivariate analysis to define the morphofunctional space, and calculated the pattern and degree of species packing for each assemblage. We assessed the importance of phylogeny and biogeography, and their impact on depauperate (Patagonian) versus rich (extra-Patagonian) vespertilionid assemblages as determinants of morphospace structuring. We implemented a sensitivity analysis associated to small samples of rare species. The morphological patterns were determined chiefly by the evolutionary history of the family. The Patagonian assemblage can be described as a structurally similar but comparatively depauperate ecomorphological version of those assemblages from neighboring extra-Patagonian eco-regions. The Patagonian assemblage seems to have formed by successively adding populations from Northern regions that eventually speciated in the region, leaving corresponding sisters (vicariants) in extra-Patagonian eco-regions that continued to be characteristically richer. Despite being structurally akin, degree of species packing in Patagonia was comparatively very low, which may reflect the effect of limited dispersal success into a harsh region for bat survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía L Giménez
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónicas (CIEMEP, CONICET-UNPSJB), Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evolución y Biodiversidad (LIEB), Roca 780, Esquel, Chubut, CP 9200, Argentina
| | - Norberto P Giannini
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Fundación Miguel Lillo, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Giménez AL, Giannini NP. Ecomorphological Diversity in the Patagonian Assemblage of Bats from Argentina. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2017.19.2.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Analía Laura Giménez
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica (CIEMEP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco (UNPSJB), Roca 780, 9200, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Norberto Pedro Giannini
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Fundación Miguel Lillo, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
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Niche overlap and shared distributional patterns between two South American small carnivorans: Galictis cuja and Lyncodon patagonicus (Carnivora: Mustelidae). MAMMALIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2015-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLimiting abiotic conditions might shape boundaries of species distribution, while biotic factors influence such distributions through interspecific relationships. When two morphologically and or/ecologically similar species are geographically overlapped, a distribution displacement or a change in size or morphology is expected to minimize competition. Environmental niche modeling (ENM) might help us understand the relationship between distribution of a species’ pair and their relationship with environmental conditions, allowing us to test the possible existence of shared distribution patterns and/or displacements across wide geographic ranges. In this work, distribution patterns and climatic and geographic overlap are analyzed between two South American small carnivorans,
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