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Wang J, Ma J, Tai Z, Li L, Zhang T, Cheng T, Yu J, Zhu Q, Bao L, Chen Z. Nanocarrier-Mediated Immunogenic Cell Death for Melanoma Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7149-7172. [PMID: 38059000 PMCID: PMC10697015 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s434582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin tumor, exhibits notable features including heterogeneity, a high mutational load, and innate immune escape. Despite advancements in melanoma treatment, current immunotherapies fail to fully exploit the immune system's maximum potential. Activating immunogenic cell death (ICD) holds promise in enhancing tumor cell immunogenicity, stimulating immune amplification response, improving drug sensitivity, and eliminating tumors. Nanotechnology-enabled ICD has emerged as a compelling therapeutic strategy for augmenting cancer immunotherapy. Nanoparticles possess versatile attributes, such as prolonged blood circulation, stability, and tumor-targeting capabilities, rendering them ideal for drug delivery. In this review, we elucidate the mechanisms underlying ICD induction and associated therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we provide a concise overview of the immune stress response associated with ICD and explore the potential synergistic benefits of combining ICD induction methods with the utilization of nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lisha Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junxia Yu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leilei Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, People’s Republic of China
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Voronova V, Vislobokova A, Mutig K, Samsonov M, Peskov K, Sekacheva M, Materenchuk M, Bunyatyan N, Lebedeva S. Combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors with radiation therapy in cancer: A hammer breaking the wall of resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1035884. [PMID: 36544712 PMCID: PMC9760959 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1035884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immuno-oncology is an emerging field in the treatment of oncological diseases, that is based on recruitment of the host immune system to attack the tumor. Radiation exposure may help to unlock the potential of the immune activating agents by enhancing the antigen release and presentation, attraction of immunocompetent cells to the inflammation site, and eliminating the tumor cells by phagocytosis, thereby leading to an overall enhancement of the immune response. Numerous preclinical studies in mouse models of glioma, murine melanoma, extracranial cancer, or colorectal cancer have contributed to determination of the optimal radiotherapy fractionation, as well as the radio- and immunotherapy sequencing strategies for maximizing the antitumor activity of the treatment regimen. At the same time, efficacy of combined radio- and immunotherapy has been actively investigated in clinical trials of metastatic melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma. The present review summarizes the current advancements and challenges related to the aforementioned treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Voronova
- Department of Pharmacological Modeling, M&S Decisions LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Vislobokova
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kerim Mutig
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Samsonov
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Peskov
- Department of Pharmacological Modeling, M&S Decisions LLC, Moscow, Russia,MID3 Research Center, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,Artificial Intelligence Research Center, STU Sirius, Sochi, Russia
| | - Marina Sekacheva
- World-Class Research Center “Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare”, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Materenchuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya Bunyatyan
- Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,Federal State Budgetary Institution “Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Lebedeva
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,Institute of Professional Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia,*Correspondence: Svetlana Lebedeva,
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Jeibouei S, Shams F, Mohebichamkhorami F, Sanooghi D, Faal B, Akbari ME, Zali H. Biological and clinical review of IORT-induced wound fluid in breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:980513. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.980513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) has become a growing therapy for early-stage breast cancer (BC). Some studies claim that wound fluid (seroma), a common consequence of surgical excision in the tumor cavity, can reflect the effects of IORT on cancer inhibition. However, further research by our team and other researchers, such as analysis of seroma composition, affected cell lines, and primary tissues in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, clarified that seroma could not address the questions about IORT effectiveness in the surgical site. In this review, we mention the factors involved in tumor recurrence, direct or indirect effects of IORT on BC, and all the studies associated with BC seroma to attain more information about the impact of IORT-induced seroma to make a better decision to remove or remain after surgery and IORT. Finally, we suggest that seroma studies cannot decipher the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of IORT in BC patients. The question of whether IORT-seroma has a beneficial effect can only be answered in a trial with a clinical endpoint, which is not even ongoing.
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Halimi H, Farjadian S. Cholesterol: An important actor on the cancer immune scene. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057546. [PMID: 36479100 PMCID: PMC9719946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the structural and signaling roles of cholesterol, which are necessary for immune cell activity, high concentrations of cholesterol and its metabolites not only trigger malignant cell activities but also impede immune responses against cancer cells. To proliferate and evade immune responses, tumor cells overcome environmental restrictions by changing their metabolic and signaling pathways. Overexpression of mevalonate pathway enzymes and low-density lipoprotein receptor cause elevated cholesterol synthesis and uptake, respectively. Accordingly, cholesterol can be considered as both a cause and an effect of cancer. Variations in the effects of blood cholesterol levels on the outcome of different types of cancer may depend on the stage of cancer. However, positive effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs have been reported in the treatment of patients with some malignancies.
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Zhu M, Yang M, Zhang J, Yin Y, Fan X, Zhang Y, Qin S, Zhang H, Yu F. Immunogenic Cell Death Induction by Ionizing Radiation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705361. [PMID: 34489957 PMCID: PMC8417736 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) induced by various stresses and produces antitumor immunity via damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) release or exposure, mainly including high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), calreticulin (CRT), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and heat shock proteins (HSPs). Emerging evidence has suggested that ionizing radiation (IR) can induce ICD, and the dose, type, and fractionation of irradiation influence the induction of ICD. At present, IR-induced ICD is mainly verified in vitro in mice and there is few clinical evidence about it. To boost the induction of ICD by IR, some strategies have shown synergy with IR to enhance antitumor immune response, such as hyperthermia, nanoparticles, and chemotherapy. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of ICD, ICD-promoting factors associated with irradiation, the clinical evidence of ICD, and immunogenic forms of cell death. Finally, we summarize various methods of improving ICD induced by IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqin Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdie Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhen Yin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Vaidya JS, Bulsara M, Baum M, Wenz F, Massarut S, Pigorsch S, Alvarado M, Douek M, Saunders C, Flyger H, Eiermann W, Brew-Graves C, Williams NR, Potyka I, Roberts N, Bernstein M, Brown D, Sperk E, Laws S, Sütterlin M, Corica T, Lundgren S, Holmes D, Vinante L, Bozza F, Pazos M, Blanc-Onfroy ML, Gruber G, Polkowski W, Dedes KJ, Niewald M, Blohmer J, McReady D, Hoefer R, Kelemen P, Petralia G, Falzon M, Joseph D, Tobias JS. New clinical and biological insights from the international TARGIT-A randomised trial of targeted intraoperative radiotherapy during lumpectomy for breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:380-389. [PMID: 34035435 PMCID: PMC8329051 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TARGIT-A trial reported risk-adapted targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) during lumpectomy for breast cancer to be as effective as whole-breast external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Here, we present further detailed analyses. METHODS In total, 2298 women (≥45 years, invasive ductal carcinoma ≤3.5 cm, cN0-N1) were randomised. We investigated the impact of tumour size, grade, ER, PgR, HER2 and lymph node status on local recurrence-free survival, and of local recurrence on distant relapse and mortality. We analysed the predictive factors for recommending supplemental EBRT after TARGIT-IORT as part of the risk-adapted approach, using regression modelling. Non-breast cancer mortality was compared between TARGIT-IORT plus EBRT vs. EBRT. RESULTS Local recurrence-free survival was no different between TARGIT-IORT and EBRT, in every tumour subgroup. Unlike in the EBRT arm, local recurrence in the TARGIT-IORT arm was not a predictor of a higher risk of distant relapse or death. Our new predictive tool for recommending supplemental EBRT after TARGIT-IORT is at https://targit.org.uk/addrt . Non-breast cancer mortality was significantly lower in the TARGIT-IORT arm, even when patients received supplemental EBRT, HR 0.38 (95% CI 0.17-0.88) P = 0.0091. CONCLUSION TARGIT-IORT is as effective as EBRT in all subgroups. Local recurrence after TARGIT-IORT, unlike after EBRT, has a good prognosis. TARGIT-IORT might have a beneficial abscopal effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN34086741 (21/7/2004), NCT00983684 (24/9/2009).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant S Vaidya
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Max Bulsara
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Michael Baum
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Frederik Wenz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Samuele Massarut
- Department of Surgery, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Steffi Pigorsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Red Cross Hospital, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Alvarado
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Douek
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Eiermann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Red Cross Hospital, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chris Brew-Graves
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Norman R Williams
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ingrid Potyka
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Roberts
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Douglas Brown
- Department of Surgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Elena Sperk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Siobhan Laws
- Department of Surgery, Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester, UK
| | - Marc Sütterlin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tammy Corica
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Steinar Lundgren
- Department of Oncology, St Olav's University Hospital, & Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dennis Holmes
- John Wayne Cancer Institute & Helen Rey Breast Cancer Foundation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lorenzo Vinante
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Fernando Bozza
- Department of Surgery, Instituto Oncologico Veneto (IVO) IRCCS, Padoa, Italy
| | - Montserrat Pazos
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians Universitat, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Wojciech Polkowski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Jens Blohmer
- Sankt Gertrauden-Krankenhaus, and The Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Pond Kelemen
- Ashikari Breast Center, New York Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gloria Petralia
- Department of Surgery, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Mary Falzon
- Department of Pathology University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - David Joseph
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jeffrey S Tobias
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
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Shan Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Min W. The Role of Tumor-Derived Exosomes in the Abscopal Effect and Immunotherapy. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050381. [PMID: 33922480 PMCID: PMC8145657 DOI: 10.3390/life11050381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are microvesicles that can be secreted by various cells and carry a variety of contents; thus, they play multiple biological functions. For instance, the tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) have been proven to have the effect of immunostimulatory in addition to immunosuppression, making TEXs attractive in clinical immunotherapy and targeted therapy for cancer patients. In addition, TEXs as biomarkers have important clinical diagnostic and prognostic value. Recently, TEXs have been recognized to play important roles in the abscopal effect (AbE), a newly discovered mechanism by which the distant tumors are effectively targeted and repressed during immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, TEXs has demonstrated great clinical potential in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer patients in the future. This review summarizes and discusses the role of TEXs in clinical therapy and their role in AbE in recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechen Shan
- Academy of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (W.M.)
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Academy of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Weiping Min
- Academy of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China; (Z.S.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
- Department of Surgery, Pathology and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (W.M.)
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