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Selionova M, Trukhachev V, Aibazov M, Sermyagin A, Belous A, Gladkikh M, Zinovieva N. Genome-Wide Association Study of Milk Composition in Karachai Goats. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:327. [PMID: 38275787 PMCID: PMC10812594 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study is first to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate the milk quality traits in Karachai goats. The objective of the study was to identify candidate genes associated with milk composition traits based on the identification and subsequent analysis of all possible SNPs, both genome-wide (high-confidence) and suggestive (subthreshold significance). To estimate the milk components, 22 traits were determined, including several types of fatty acids. DNA was extracted from ear tissue or blood samples. A total of 167 Karachai goats were genotyped using an Illumina GoatSNP53K BeadChip panel (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). Overall, we identified 167 highly significant and subthreshold SNPs associated with the milk components of Karachai goats. A total of 10 SNPs were located within protein-coding genes and 33 SNPs in close proximity to them (±0.2 Mb). The largest number of genome-wide significant SNPs was found on chromosomes 2 and 8 and some of them were associated with several traits. The greatest number of genome-wide significant SNPs was identified for crude protein and lactose (6), and the smallest number-only 1 SNP-for freezing point depression. No SNPs were identified for monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Functional annotation of all 43 SNPs allowed us to identify 66 significant candidate genes on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 13, 16, 18, 21, 23, 25, 26, and 27. We considered these genes potential DNA markers of the fatty acid composition of Karachai goat milk. Also, we found 12 genes that had a polygenic effect: most of them were simultaneously associated with the dry matter content and fatty acids (METTL, SLC1A 8, PHACTR1, FMO2, ECI1, PGP, ABCA3, AMDHD2). Our results suggest that the genes identified in our study affecting the milk components in Karachai goats differed from those identified in other breeds of dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Selionova
- Subdepartment of Animal Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya Street, 41, 127434 Moscow, Russia (M.G.)
| | - Vladimir Trukhachev
- Subdepartment of Animal Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya Street, 41, 127434 Moscow, Russia (M.G.)
| | - Magomet Aibazov
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy 60, 142132 Podolsk, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.A.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (N.Z.)
| | - Alexander Sermyagin
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy 60, 142132 Podolsk, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.A.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (N.Z.)
| | - Anna Belous
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy 60, 142132 Podolsk, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.A.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (N.Z.)
| | - Marianna Gladkikh
- Subdepartment of Animal Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Timiryazevskaya Street, 41, 127434 Moscow, Russia (M.G.)
| | - Natalia Zinovieva
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy 60, 142132 Podolsk, Moscow Region, Russia; (M.A.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (N.Z.)
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Fang X, Gu B, Chen M, Sun R, Zhang J, Zhao L, Zhao Y. Genome-Wide Association Study of the Reproductive Traits of the Dazu Black Goat ( Capra hircus) Using Whole-Genome Resequencing. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1960. [PMID: 37895309 PMCID: PMC10606515 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproductive traits are the basic economic traits of goats and important indicators in goat breeding. In this study, Dazu black goats (DBGs; n = 150), an important Chinese local goat breed with excellent reproductive performance, were used to screen for important variation loci and genes of reproductive traits. Through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), 18 SNPs were found to be associated with kidding traits (average litter size, average litter size in the first three parity, and average litter size in the first six parity), and 10 SNPs were associated with udder traits (udder depth, teat diameter, teat length, and supernumerary teat). After gene annotation of the associated SNPs and in combination with relevant references, the candidate genes, namely ATP1A1, LRRC4C, SPCS2, XRRA1, CELF4, NTM, TMEM45B, ATE1, and FGFR2, were associated with udder traits, while the ENSCHIG00000017110, SLC9A8, GLRB, GRIA2, GASK1B, and ENSCHIG00000026285 genes were associated with litter size. These SNPs and candidate genes can provide useful biological information for improvement of the reproductive traits of goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqiang Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bowen Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meixi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ruifan Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jipan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Le Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yongju Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (X.F.); (B.G.); (M.C.); (R.S.); (J.Z.); (L.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage & Herbivore, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zhao Y, He S, Huang J, Liu M. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Muscle pH in Texel Sheep × Altay Sheep F 2 Resource Population. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2162. [PMID: 37443959 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
pH was one of the important meat quality traits, which was an important factor affecting the storage/shelf life and quality of meat in meat production. In order to find a way to extend the storage/shelf life, the pH values (pH45min, pH24h, pH48h and pH72h) of the longissimus dorsi muscles in F2 individuals of 462 Texel sheep × Altay sheep were determined, genotyping was performed using Illumina Ovine SNP 600 K BeadChip and whole genome resequencing technology, a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) was used to screen the candidate genes and molecular markers for pH values related to the quality traits of mutton, and the effects of population stratification were detected by Q-Q plots. The results showed that the pH population stratification analysis did not find significant systemic bias, and there was no obvious population stratification effect. The results of the association analysis showed that 28 SNPs significantly associated with pH reached the level of genomic significance. The candidate gene associated with pH45min was identified as the CCDC92 gene by gene annotation and a search of the literature. Candidate genes related to pH24h were KDM4C, TGFB2 and GOT2 genes. The candidate genes related to pH48h were MMP12 and MMP13 genes. The candidate genes related to pH72h were HILPDA and FAT1 genes. Further bioinformatics analyses showed 24 gene ontology terms and five signaling pathways that were significantly enriched (p ≤ 0.05). Many terms and pathways were related to cellular components, processes of protein modification, the activity of protein dimerization and hydrolase activity. These identified SNPs and genes could provide useful information about meat and the storage/shelf life of meat, thereby extending the storage/shelf life and quality of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Changji 831100, China
| | - Sangang He
- Biotechnology Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830013, China
| | | | - Mingjun Liu
- Biotechnology Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830013, China
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Sun X, Jiang J, Wang G, Zhou P, Li J, Chen C, Liu L, Li N, Xia Y, Ren H. Genome-wide association analysis of nine reproduction and morphological traits in three goat breeds from Southern China. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:191-199. [PMID: 35760404 PMCID: PMC9834730 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes associated with nine reproduction and morphological traits in three breed populations of Chinese goats. METHODS The genome-wide association of nine reproduction and morphological traits (litter size, nipple number, wattle, skin color, coat color, black dorsal line, beard, beard length, and hind leg hair) were analyzed in three Chinese native goat breeds (n = 336) using an Illumina Goat SNP50 Beadchip. RESULTS A total of 17 genome-wide or chromosome-wide significant SNPs associated with one reproduction trait (litter size) and six morphological traits (wattle, coat color, black dorsal line, beard, beard length, and hind leg hair) were identified in three Chinese native goat breeds, and the candidate genes were annotated. The significant SNPs and corresponding putative candidate genes for each trait are as follows: two SNPs located on chromosomes 6 (CSN3) and 24 (TCF4) for litter size trait; two SNPs located on chromosome 9 (KATNA1) and 1 (UBASH3A) for wattle trait; three SNPs located on chromosome 26 (SORCS3), 24 (DYM), and 20 (PDE4D) for coat color trait; two SNPs located on chromosome 18 (TCF25) and 15 (CLMP) for black dorsal line trait; four SNPs located on chromosome 8, 2 (PAX3), 5 (PIK3C2G), and 28 (PLA2G12B and OIT3) for beard trait; one SNP located on chromosome 18 (KCNG4) for beard length trait; three SNPs located on chromosome 17 (GLRB and GRIA2), 28 (PGBD5), and 4 for hind leg hair trait. In contrast, there were no SNPs identified for nipple number and skin color. CONCLUSION The significant SNPs or genes identified in this study provided novel insights into the genetic mechanism underlying important reproduction and morphological traits of three local goat breeds in Southern China as well as further potential applications for breeding goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sun
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Gaofu Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Goats, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Goats, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Jie Li
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Goats, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Cancan Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Goats, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Liangjia Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Goats, Chongqing, 402460,
China
| | - Nianfu Li
- Youyang County Livestock Industry Development Center, Chongqing, 409800,
China
| | - Yuanyou Xia
- Youyang County Livestock Industry Development Center, Chongqing, 409800,
China
| | - Hangxing Ren
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Goats, Chongqing, 402460,
China,Corresponding Author: Hangxing Ren, Tel: +86-023-46777341, E-mail:
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Chen Q, Yang M, Liu X, Zhang J, Mi S, Wang Y, Xiao W, Yu Y. Blood transcriptome analysis and identification of genes associated with supernumerary teats in Chinese Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:9837-9852. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kalds P, Zhou S, Gao Y, Cai B, Huang S, Chen Y, Wang X. Genetics of the phenotypic evolution in sheep: a molecular look at diversity-driving genes. Genet Sel Evol 2022; 54:61. [PMID: 36085023 PMCID: PMC9463822 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-022-00753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After domestication, the evolution of phenotypically-varied sheep breeds has generated rich biodiversity. This wide phenotypic variation arises as a result of hidden genomic changes that range from a single nucleotide to several thousands of nucleotides. Thus, it is of interest and significance to reveal and understand the genomic changes underlying the phenotypic variation of sheep breeds in order to drive selection towards economically important traits. REVIEW Various traits contribute to the emergence of variation in sheep phenotypic characteristics, including coat color, horns, tail, wool, ears, udder, vertebrae, among others. The genes that determine most of these phenotypic traits have been investigated, which has generated knowledge regarding the genetic determinism of several agriculturally-relevant traits in sheep. In this review, we discuss the genomic knowledge that has emerged in the past few decades regarding the phenotypic traits in sheep, and our ultimate aim is to encourage its practical application in sheep breeding. In addition, in order to expand the current understanding of the sheep genome, we shed light on research gaps that require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Although significant research efforts have been conducted in the past few decades, several aspects of the sheep genome remain unexplored. For the full utilization of the current knowledge of the sheep genome, a wide practical application is still required in order to boost sheep productive performance and contribute to the generation of improved sheep breeds. The accumulated knowledge on the sheep genome will help advance and strengthen sheep breeding programs to face future challenges in the sector, such as climate change, global human population growth, and the increasing demand for products of animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kalds
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, 45511 Egypt
| | - Shiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yawei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Bei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Shuhong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, 712100 China
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Fang F, Li J, Guo M, Mei Q, Yu M, Liu H, Legarra A, Xiang T. Genomic evaluation and genome-wide association studies for total number of teats in a combined American and Danish Yorkshire pig populations selected in China. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6585233. [PMID: 35553682 PMCID: PMC9259599 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Joint genomic evaluation by combining data recordings and genomic information from different pig herds and populations is of interest for pig breeding companies because the efficiency of genomic selection (GS) could be further improved. In this work, an efficient strategy of joint genomic evaluation combining data from multiple pig populations is investigated. Total Teat Number (TTN), a trait that is equally recorded on 13 060 American Yorkshire (AY) populations (~14.68 teats) and 10 060 Danish Yorkshire (DY) pigs (~14.29 teats), was used to explore the feasibility and accuracy of GS combining datasets from different populations. We first estimated the genetic correlation (rg) of TTN between AY and DY pig populations (rg=0.79, se=0.23). Then we employed the genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify QTL regions that are significantly associated with TTN and investigate the genetic architecture of TTN in different populations. Our results suggested that the genomic regions controlling TTN are slight different in the two Yorkshire populations, where the candidate QTL regions were on SSC 7 and SSC 8 for AY population and on SSC 7 for DY population. Finally, we explored an optimal way of genomic prediction for TTN via three different Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) models and we concluded that when TTN across populations are regarded as different, but correlated, traits in a multi-trait model, predictive abilities for both Yorkshire populations improve. As a conclusion, joint genomic evaluation for target traits in multiple pig populations is feasible in practice and more accurate, provided a proper model is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jieling Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Quanshun Mei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huiming Liu
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, Tjele 8830, Denmark
| | - Andres Legarra
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Tao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Variation and frequency of supernumerary teats, litter size, histological features and the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) gene expression pattern in goats. Theriogenology 2021; 179:141-148. [PMID: 34864564 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, female domestic goats carrying multiple kids are mostly unable to express sufficient nursing ability due to a limited number of functional teats. Therefore, the functional teat is an important component in prolific goat breeding, and plays a key role in the future health of their kids. With this motivation, we wanted to investigate the phenotypic features, litter size, histology of adult female mammary glands, and the gene expression profile of the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) gene in goats. To illustrate this, the initial dataset of the current study consists of an electronic questionnaire that includes 697 individuals (548 does and 149 bucks) of five endemic and three exotic goats from 2015 to 2020 in different geographic areas of Iran, from 59 Markhoz (MARG), 50 Azari (AZAR), 73 Busheri (BUSH), 69 Sarbisheh (SARB), 165 Mahabadi (MOHA) indigenous goats and also exotic breeds, including 183 Saanen (SANN), 39 Alpine (ALPN), and 59 Boer (BORE) goats. The results of this study confirmed that MOHA goats (4.16%), BORE (4.43%) and SANN goat breeds (5.75%) have larger litter sizes. Interestingly, the evidence gathering when SNTs occurred showed that both the BUSH and BORE goat breeds had the highest frequency of SNTs. Moreover, under the same physiological and lactation conditions, there was no statistically significant difference in histological features between the three compared does class consist of the two teats, SNTs, and four functional teats. In addition, the results of the gene expression profile significantly highlight the FGF-2 gene pattern in two teat groups compared to other SNT groups (P < 0.01). In summary, this scenario can be used to generate further research and facts on responsible candidate genes, the variations in teat numbers in goats, examining both the incidence of SNT and litter size.
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Wen H, Luo H, Yang M, Augustino SMA, Wang D, Mi S, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Xiao W, Wang Y, Yu Y. Genetic parameters and weighted single-step genome-wide association study for supernumerary teats in Holstein cattle. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:11867-11877. [PMID: 34482976 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Supernumerary teats (SNT) are a common epidermal abnormality of udders in mammals. The SNT negatively affect machine milking ability, udder health, and animal welfare and sometimes act as reservoirs for undesirable bacteria, resulting in economic losses on calves and lactating cows due to the cost of SNT removal surgery, early culling, and low milk yield. This study aimed to analyze the incidence and genetic parameter of SNT and detect SNT-related genes in Chinese Holstein cattle. In this study, the incidence of SNT was recorded in 4,670 Chinese Holstein cattle (born between 2008 and 2017) from 2 farms, including 734 genotyped cows with 114,485 SNPs. The SNT had a total frequency of 9.8% and estimated heritability of 0.22 (SE = 0.07), which were obtained using a threshold model in the studied Chinese Holstein population. Furthermore, we calculated approximate genetic correlations between SNT and the following indicator traits: 12 milk production, 28 body conformation, 5 fertility and reproduction, 5 health, and 9 longevity. Generally, the estimated correlations, such as 305-d milk yield for third parity (-0.55; SE = 0.02) and age at first calving in heifer (0.19; SE = 0.03), were low to moderate. A single-step GWAS was implemented, and 10 genes associated with SNT located in BTA4 were identified. The region (112.70-112.90 Mb) on BTA4 showed the highest genetic variance for SNT. The quantitative trait loci on BTA4 was mapped into the RARRES2 gene, which was previously shown to affect adipogenesis and hormone secretion. The WIF1 gene, which was located in BTA5, was also considered as a candidate gene for SNT. Overall, these findings provide useful information for breeders who are interested in reducing SNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wen
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - H Luo
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - M Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - S M A Augustino
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - D Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - S Mi
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Y Zhang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - W Xiao
- Beijing Animal Husbandry Station, No. 15A Anwaibeiyuan Road, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
| | - Y Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory of Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
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Scholtens M, Jiang A, Smith A, Littlejohn M, Lehnert K, Snell R, Lopez-Villalobos N, Garrick D, Blair H. Genome-wide association studies of lactation yields of milk, fat, protein and somatic cell score in New Zealand dairy goats. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:55. [PMID: 32489662 PMCID: PMC7247195 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying associations between genetic markers and traits of economic importance will provide practical benefits for the dairy goat industry, enabling genomic prediction of the breeding value of individuals, and facilitating discovery of the underlying genes and mutations. Genome-wide association studies were implemented to detect genetic regions that are significantly associated with effects on lactation yields of milk (MY), fat (FY), protein (PY) and somatic cell score (SCS) in New Zealand dairy goats. Methods A total of 4,840 goats were genotyped with the Caprine 50 K SNP chip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). After quality filtering, 3,732 animals and 41,989 SNPs were analysed assuming an additive linear model. Four GWAS models were performed, a single-SNP additive linear model and three multi-SNP BayesC models. For the single-SNP GWAS, SNPs were fitted individually as fixed covariates, while the BayesC models fit all SNPs simultaneously as random effects. A cluster of significant SNPs were used to define a haplotype block whose alleles were fitted as covariates in a Bayesian model. The corresponding diplotypes of the haplotype block were then fit as class variables in another Bayesian model. Results Across all four traits, a total of 43 genome-wide significant SNPs were detected from the SNP GWAS. At a genome-wide significance level, the single-SNP analysis identified a cluster of variants on chromosome 19 associated with MY, FY, PY, and another cluster on chromosome 29 associated with SCS. Significant SNPs mapped in introns of candidate genes (45%), in intergenic regions (36%), were 0-5 kb upstream or downstream of the closest gene (14%) or were synonymous substitutions (5%). The most significant genomic window was located on chromosome 19 explaining up to 9.6% of the phenotypic variation for MY, 8.1% for FY, 9.1% for PY and 1% for SCS. Conclusions The quantitative trait loci for yield traits on chromosome 19 confirms reported findings in other dairy goat populations. There is benefit to be gained from using these results for genomic selection to improve milk production in New Zealand dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Scholtens
- AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Jiang
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ashley Smith
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mathew Littlejohn
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Ruakura Road, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Klaus Lehnert
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Russell Snell
- Applied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos
- AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Dorian Garrick
- AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Hugh Blair
- AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, School of Agriculture, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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12
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de Lima LG, de Souza NOB, Rios RR, de Melo BA, dos Santos LTA, Silva KDM, Murphy TW, Fraga AB. Advances in molecular genetic techniques applied to selection for litter size in goats (Capra hircus): a review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1717497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Gomes de Lima
- Northeastern Network in Biotechnology (known as RENORBIO in Portuguese), the Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | | | - Raisa Rodrigues Rios
- Northeastern Network in Biotechnology (known as RENORBIO in Portuguese), the Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Breno Araújo de Melo
- Northeastern Network in Biotechnology (known as RENORBIO in Portuguese), the Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Lays Thayse Alves dos Santos
- Animal Science of the Graduation Program, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Alagoas, Rio Largo, Brazil
| | - Kleibe de Moraes Silva
- Research Scientist Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Goats and Sheep, Sobral, Brazil
| | - Thomas Wayne Murphy
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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13
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Hardwick LJA, Phythian CJ, Fowden AL, Hughes K. Size of supernumerary teats in sheep correlates with complexity of the anatomy and microenvironment. J Anat 2020; 236:954-962. [PMID: 31898326 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Supernumerary nipples or teats (polythelia) are congenital accessory structures that may develop at any location along the milk line and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of mastitis. We describe the anatomy and histology of 27 spontaneously occurring supernumerary teats from 16 sheep, delineating two groups of teats - simple and anatomically complex - according to the complexity of the anatomy and microenvironment. Anatomically complex supernumerary teats exhibited significantly increased length and barrel diameter compared with simple supernumerary teats. A teat canal and/or teat cistern was present in anatomically complex teats, with smooth muscle fibres forming a variably well-organised encircling teat sphincter. Complex supernumerary teats also exhibited immune cell infiltrates similar to those of normal teats, including lymphoid follicle-like structures at the folds of the teat cistern-teat canal junction, and macrophages that infiltrated the peri-cisternal glandular tissue. One complex supernumerary teat exhibited teat end hyperkeratosis. These anatomical and histological features allow inference that supernumerary teats may be susceptible to bacterial ingress through the teat canal and we hypothesise that this may be more likely in those teats with less well-organised encircling smooth muscle. The teat cistern of anatomically complex teats may also constitute a focus of milk accumulation and thus a possible nidus for bacterial infection, potentially predisposing to mastitis. We suggest that size of the supernumerary teat, and relationship to the main teats, particularly in the case of 'cluster teats', should be considerations if surgical removal is contemplated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J A Hardwick
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clare J Phythian
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Sandnes, Norway
| | - Abigail L Fowden
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine Hughes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Gipson TA. Recent advances in breeding and genetics for dairy goats. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 32:1275-1283. [PMID: 31357268 PMCID: PMC6668855 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Goats (Capra hircus) were domesticated during the late Neolithic, approximately 10,500 years ago, and humans exerted minor selection pressure until fairly recently. Probably the largest genetic change occurring over the millennia happened via natural selection and random genetic drift, the latter causing genes to be fixed in small and isolated populations. Recent human-influenced genetic changes have occurred through biometrics and genomics. For the most part, biometrics has concentrated upon the refining of estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations. Heritabilities are instrumental in the calculation of estimated breeding values and genetic correlations are necessary in the construction of selection indices that account for changes in multiple traits under selection at one time. Early genomic studies focused upon microsatellite markers, which are short tandem repeats of nucleic acids and which are detected using polymerase chain reaction primers flanking the microsatellite. Microsatellite markers have been very important in parentage verification, which can impact genetic progress. Additionally, microsatellite markers have been a useful tool in assessing genetic diversity between and among breeds, which is important in the conservation of minor breeds. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are a new genomic tool that have refined classical BLUP methodology (biometric) to provide more accurate genomic estimated breeding values, provided a large reference population is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry A Gipson
- American Institute for Goat Research, Langston University, Langston, OK 73050, USA
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15
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Talenti A, Palhière I, Tortereau F, Pagnacco G, Stella A, Nicolazzi EL, Crepaldi P, Tosser-Klopp G. Functional SNP panel for parentage assessment and assignment in worldwide goat breeds. Genet Sel Evol 2018; 50:55. [PMID: 30449282 PMCID: PMC6240953 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-018-0423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND International standard panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have replaced microsatellites in several species for parentage assessment and assignment (PA) purposes. However, such a resource is still lacking in goats. The application of a cheap tool for PA would help the management of goat populations by improving the reliability of pedigree registration and, consequently, allow a better implementation of breeding schemes or conservation programs. RESULTS Using data from the current GoatSNP50 chip, starting from a worldwide dataset of more than 4000 animals belonging to more than 140 breeds and populations from the AdaptMap initiative, we selected a panel of 195 SNPs. The assignment rate of this panel was up to 100% on an additional dataset that included 2000 Alpine and Saanen animals and highly related candidate sires. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we defined a highly informative SNP panel, which will be publicly available to worldwide breeders and laboratories. Its development on such a large number of breeds and populations, together with validation on a second set of cosmopolitan breeds, makes it a promising and important genomic tool for the goat species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Talenti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Isabelle Palhière
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, INPT, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Flavie Tortereau
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, INPT, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Giulio Pagnacco
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stella
- Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano (PTP), Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Ezequiel L. Nicolazzi
- Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano (PTP), Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Paola Crepaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gwenola Tosser-Klopp
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, INPT, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - AdaptMap Consortium
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, INPT, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
- Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano (PTP), Via Einstein, Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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16
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Nazari-Ghadikolaei A, Mehrabani-Yeganeh H, Miarei-Aashtiani SR, Staiger EA, Rashidi A, Huson HJ. Genome-Wide Association Studies Identify Candidate Genes for Coat Color and Mohair Traits in the Iranian Markhoz Goat. Front Genet 2018; 9:105. [PMID: 29670642 PMCID: PMC5893768 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Markhoz goat provides an opportunity to study the genetics underlying coat color and mohair traits of an Angora type goat using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This indigenous Iranian breed is valued for its quality mohair used in ceremonial garments and has the distinction of exhibiting an array of coat colors including black, brown, and white. Here, we performed 16 GWAS for different fleece (mohair) traits and coat color in 228 Markhoz goats sampled from the Markhoz Goat Research Station in Sanandaj, Kurdistan province, located in western Iran using the Illumina Caprine 50K beadchip. The Efficient Mixed Model Linear analysis was used to identify genomic regions with potential candidate genes contributing to coat color and mohair characteristics while correcting for population structure. Significant associations to coat color were found within or near the ASIP, ITCH, AHCY, and RALY genes on chromosome 13 for black and brown coat color and the KIT and PDGFRA genes on chromosome 6 for white coat color. Individual mohair traits were analyzed for genetic association along with principal components that allowed for a broader perspective of combined traits reflecting overall mohair quality and volume. A multitude of markers demonstrated significant association to mohair traits highlighting potential candidate genes of POU1F1 on chromosome 1 for mohair quality, MREG on chromosome 2 for mohair volume, DUOX1 on chromosome 10 for yearling fleece weight, and ADGRV1 on chromosome 7 for grease percentage. Variation in allele frequencies and haplotypes were identified for coat color and differentiated common markers associated with both brown and black coat color. This demonstrates the potential for genetic markers to be used in future breeding programs to improve selection for coat color and mohair traits. Putative candidate genes, both novel and previously identified in other species or breeds, require further investigation to confirm phenotypic causality and potential epistatic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit Nazari-Ghadikolaei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrabani-Yeganeh
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyed R. Miarei-Aashtiani
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Amir Rashidi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Heather J. Huson
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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17
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Martin P, Palhière I, Maroteau C, Clément V, David I, Klopp GT, Rupp R. Genome-wide association mapping for type and mammary health traits in French dairy goats identifies a pleiotropic region on chromosome 19 in the Saanen breed. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5214-5226. [PMID: 29573797 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Type traits and mammary health traits are important to dairy ruminant breeding because they influence animal health, milking ability, and longevity, as well as the economic sustainability of farms. The availability of the genomic sequence and a single nucleotide polymorphism chip in goats has opened up new fields of investigation to better understand the genes and mechanisms that underlie such complex traits and to be able to select them. Our objective was to perform a genome-wide association study in dairy goats for 11 type traits and somatic cell count (SCC) as proxies for mastitis resistance. A genome-wide association study was implemented using a daughter design composed of 1,941 Alpine and Saanen goats sired by 20 artificial insemination bucks, genotyped with the Illumina GoatSNP50 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). This association study was based on both linkage analyses and linkage disequilibrium using QTLmap software (http://dga7.jouy.inra.fr/qtlmap/) interval mapping was performed with the likelihood ratio test using linear regressions. Breeds were analyzed together and separately. The study highlighted 37 chromosome-wide significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) with linkage analyses and 222 genome-wide significant QTL for linkage disequilibrium, for type and SCC traits in dairy goats. Genomic control of those traits was mostly polygenic and breed-specific, suggesting that within-breed selection would be favored for those traits. Of note, Capra hircus autosome (CHI) 19 appeared to be highly enriched in single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with type and SCC, with 2 highly significant regions in the Saanen breed. One region (33-42 Mb) was significantly associated with SCC and includes candidate genes associated with response to intramammary infections (RARA, STAT3, STAT5A, and STAT5B). Another region of the CHI 19 (24.5-27 Mb) exhibited an adverse pleiotropic effect on milk production (milk, fat yield, and protein yield) and udder traits (udder floor position and rear udder attachment) that agreed with the negative genetic correlations that exist between those 2 groups of traits. These QTL were not found in the Alpine breed. In Alpine, the 2 most significant regions were associated with chest depth on CHI 6 (45.8-46.0 Mb) and CHI 8 (80.7-81.1 Mb). These results will be helpful for goat selection in the future and could lead to identification of causal mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Martin
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, F-31326 France
| | - Isabelle Palhière
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, F-31326 France
| | - Cyrielle Maroteau
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, F-31326 France
| | - Virginie Clément
- Institut de l'Elevage, Chemin de Borde Rouge, Castanet Tolosan, F-31326 France
| | - Ingrid David
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, F-31326 France
| | | | - Rachel Rupp
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, F-31326 France.
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18
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Mucha S, Mrode R, Coffey M, Kizilaslan M, Desire S, Conington J. Genome-wide association study of conformation and milk yield in mixed-breed dairy goats. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:2213-2225. [PMID: 29290434 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Identification of genetic markers that affect economically important traits is of high value from a biological point of view, enabling the targeting of candidate genes and providing practical benefits for the industry such as wide-scale genomic selection. This study is one of the first to investigate the genetic background of economically important traits in dairy goats using the caprine 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. The aim of the project was to perform a genome-wide association study for milk yield and conformation of udder, teat, and feet and legs. A total of 137,235 milk yield records on 4,563 goats each scored for 10 conformation traits were available. Out of these, 2,381 goats were genotyped with the Illumina Caprine 50K BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). A range of pseudo-phenotypes were used including deregressed breeding values and pseudo-estimated breeding values. Genome-wide association studies were performed using the multi-locus mixed model (MLMM) algorithm implemented in SNP & Variation Suite v7.7.8 (Golden Helix Inc., Bozeman, MT). A genome-wise significant [-log10(P-value) > 5.95] SNP for milk yield was identified on chromosome 19, with additional chromosome-wise significant (-log10(P-value) > 4.46] SNP on chromosomes 4, 8, 14, and 29. Three genome-wise significant SNP for conformation of udder attachment, udder depth, and front legs were identified on chromosome 19, and chromosome-wise SNP were found on chromosomes 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 23, and 27. The proportion of variance explained by the significant SNP was between 0.4 and 7.0% for milk yield and between 0.1 and 13.8% for conformation traits. This study is the first attempt to identify SNP associated with milk yield and conformation in dairy goats. Two genome-wise significant SNP for milk yield and 3 SNP for conformation of udder attachment, udder depth, and front legs were found. Our results suggest that conformation traits have a polygenic background because, for most of them, we did not identify any quantitative trait loci with major effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Mucha
- Poznan University of Life Sciences, 33 Wolynska, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Mrode
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Coffey
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Mehmet Kizilaslan
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom; International Center for Livestock Research and Training, Breeding and Genetics Department, 06852, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suzanne Desire
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanne Conington
- Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
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Amills M, Capote J, Tosser-Klopp G. Goat domestication and breeding: a jigsaw of historical, biological and molecular data with missing pieces. Anim Genet 2017; 48:631-644. [PMID: 28872195 DOI: 10.1111/age.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Domestic goats (Capra hircus) are spread across the five continents with a census of 1 billion individuals. The worldwide population of goats descends from a limited number of bezoars (Capra aegagrus) domesticated 10 000 YBP (years before the present) in the Fertile Crescent. The extraordinary adaptability and hardiness of goats favoured their rapid spread over the Old World, reaching the Iberian Peninsula and Southern Africa 7000 YBP and 2000 YBP respectively. Molecular studies have revealed one major mitochondrial haplogroup A and five less frequent haplogroups B, C, D, F and G. Moreover, the analysis of autosomal and Y-chromosome markers has evidenced an appreciable geographic differentiation. The implementation of new molecular technologies, such as whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide genotyping, allows for the exploration of caprine diversity at an unprecedented scale, thus providing new insights into the evolutionary history of goats. In spite of a number of pitfalls, the characterization of the functional elements of the goat genome is expected to play a key role in understanding the genetic determination of economically relevant traits. Genomic selection and genome editing also hold great potential, particularly for improving traits that cannot be modified easily by traditional selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amills
- Department of Animal Genetics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - J Capote
- Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, La Laguna, 38108, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Tosser-Klopp
- INRA-GenPhySE-Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage-UMR1388, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge-Auzeville CS 52627, 31326, Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France
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20
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Martin P, Palhière I, Tosser-Klopp G, Rupp R. Corrigendum to "Heritability and genome-wide association mapping for supernumerary teats in French Alpine and Saanen dairy goats" (J. Dairy Sci. 99:8891-8900). J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:7750. [PMID: 28811036 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-100-9-7750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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