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Liu J, Wei X, Zhang Y, Ran Y, Qu B, Wang C, Zhao F, Zhang L. dCas9-guided demethylation of the AKT1 promoter improves milk protein synthesis in a bovine mastitis mammary gland epithelial model induced by using Staphylococcus aureus. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:300-310. [PMID: 38100153 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Mastitis is among the main factors affecting milk quality and yield. Although DNA methylation is associated with mastitis, its role in mastitis remains unclear. In this study, a bovine mastitis mammary epithelial cells (BMMECs) model was established via Staphylococcus aureus infection of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs). Bisulfite sequencing PCR was used to determine the methylation status of the AKT1 promoter in BMMECs. We found that the degree of the AKT1 promoter methylation in BMMECs was significantly greater than that in BMECs, and the expression levels of genes related to milk protein synthesis were significantly decreased. We used the pdCas9-C-Tet1-SgRNA 2.0 system to regulate the methylation status of the AKT1 promoter. High-efficiency sgRNAs were screened and dCas9-guided AKT1 promoter demethylation vectors were constructed. Following transfection with the vectors, the degree of methylation of the AKT1 promoter was significantly reduced in BMMECs, while AKT1 protein levels increased. When the methylation level of the AKT1 promoter decreased, the synthesis of milk proteins and the expression levels of genes related to milk protein synthesis increased significantly. The viability of the BMMECs was enhanced. Taken together, these results indicate that demethylation guided by the pdCas9-C-Tet1-SgRNA 2.0 system on the AKT1 promoter can reactivate the expression of AKT1 and AKT1/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins by reducing the AKT1 promoter methylation level and promoting the recovery milk protein expression in BMMECs, thereby alleviating the symptoms of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangfei Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yaoxiang Ran
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Zheng S, Zhang Z, Ma J, Qu Q, God'spowe B, Qin Y, Chen X, Li LU, Zhou D, Ding W, Li Y. CD-g-CS nanoparticles for enhanced antibiotic treatment of Staphylococcus xylosus infection. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:535-547. [PMID: 34180582 PMCID: PMC8867972 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus xylosus (S. xylosus)-induced cow mastitis is an extremely serious clinical problem. However, antibiotic therapy does not successfully treat S. xylosus infection because these bacteria possess a strong biofilm formation ability, which significantly reduces the efficacy of antibiotic treatments. In this study, we developed ceftiofur-loaded chitosan grafted with β-cyclodextrins (CD-g-CS) nanoparticles (CT-NPs) using host-guest interaction. These positively charged nanoparticles improved bacterial internalization, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness of antibacterial treatments for planktonic S. xylosus. Moreover, CT-NPs effectively inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated mature biofilms. After mammary injection in a murine model of S. xylosus-induced mastitis, CT-NPs significantly reduced bacterial burden and alleviated inflammation, thereby achieving optimized therapeutic efficiency for S. xylosus infection. In conclusion, this treatment strategy could improve the efficiency of antibiotic therapeutics and shows great potential in the treatment of S. xylosus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Di Zheng
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Zhi‐Yun Zhang
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Jin‐Xin Ma
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Qian‐Wei Qu
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Bello‐Onaghise God'spowe
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Yue Qin
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Xue‐Ying Chen
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - LU Li
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Dong‐Fang Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Wen‐Ya Ding
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- School of PharmacyGuangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning530200China
| | - Yan‐Hua Li
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
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Qu Q, Wang J, Cui W, Zhou Y, Xing X, Che R, Liu X, Chen X, Bello-Onaghise G, Dong C, Li Z, Li X, Li Y. In vitro activity and In vivo efficacy of Isoliquiritigenin against Staphylococcus xylosus ATCC 700404 by IGPD target. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226260. [PMID: 31860659 PMCID: PMC6924684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus xylosus (S. xylosus) is a type of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, which was previously considered as non-pathogenic. However, recent studies have linked it with cases of mastitis in cows. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a bioactive compound with pharmacological functions including antibacterial activity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ISL on S. xylosus in vitro and in vivo. The MIC of ISL against S. xylosus was 80 μg/mL. It was observed that sub-MICs of ISL (1/2MIC, 1/4MIC, 1/8MIC) significantly inhibited the formation of S. xylosus biofilm in vitro. Previous studies have observed that inhibiting imidazole glycerol phosphate dehydratase (IGPD) concomitantly inhibited biofilm formation in S. xylosus. So, we designed experiments to target the formation of IGPD or inhibits its activities in S. xylosus ATCC 700404. The results indicated that the activity of IGPD and its histidine content decreased significantly under 1/2 MIC (40 μg/mL) ISL, and the expression of IGPD gene (hisB) and IGPD protein was significantly down-regulated. Furthermore, Bio-layer interferometry experiments showed that ISL directly interacted with IGPD protein (with strong affinity; KD = 234 μM). In addition, molecular docking was used to predict the binding mode of ISL and IGPD. In vivo tests revealed that, ISL significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-6 levels, mitigated the destruction of the mammary glands and reversed the production of inflammatory cells in mice. The results of the study suggest that, ISL may inhibit S. xylosus growth by acting on IGPD, which can be used as a target protein to treat infections caused by S. xylosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Che
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - God’spower Bello-Onaghise
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Chunliu Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhengze Li
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiubo Li
- Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Transporters in the Mammary Gland-Contribution to Presence of Nutrients and Drugs into Milk. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102372. [PMID: 31590349 PMCID: PMC6836069 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of nutrients and bioactive ingredients found in milk play an important role in the nourishment of breast-fed infants and dairy consumers. Some of these ingredients include physiologically relevant compounds such as vitamins, peptides, neuroactive compounds and hormones. Conversely, milk may contain substances-drugs, pesticides, carcinogens, environmental pollutants-which have undesirable effects on health. The transfer of these compounds into milk is unavoidably linked to the function of transport proteins. Expression of transporters belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC-) and Solute Carrier (SLC-) superfamilies varies with the lactation stages of the mammary gland. In particular, Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides 1A2 (OATP1A2) and 2B1 (OATP2B1), Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1), Novel Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCTN1), Concentrative Nucleoside Transporters 1, 2 and 3 (CNT1, CNT2 and CNT3), Peptide Transporter 2 (PEPT2), Sodium-dependent Vitamin C Transporter 2 (SVCT2), Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 5 (ABCC5) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2) are highly induced during lactation. This review will focus on these transporters overexpressed during lactation and their role in the transfer of products into the milk, including both beneficial and harmful compounds. Furthermore, additional factors, such as regulation, polymorphisms or drug-drug interactions will be described.
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