1
|
Kwon HC, Jung HS, Kothuri V, Han SG. Current status and challenges for cell-cultured milk technology: a systematic review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:81. [PMID: 38849927 PMCID: PMC11161985 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is an innovative technology for manufacturing sustainable agricultural products as an alternative to traditional agriculture. While most cellular agriculture is predominantly centered on the production of cultured meat, there is a growing demand for an understanding of the production techniques involved in dairy products within cellular agriculture. This review focuses on the current status of cellular agriculture in the dairy sector and technical challenges for cell-cultured milk production. Cellular agriculture technology in the dairy sector has been classified into fermentation-based and animal cell culture-based cellular agriculture. Currently, various companies synthesize milk components through precision fermentation technology. Nevertheless, several startup companies are pursuing animal cell-based technology, driven by public concerns regarding genetically modified organisms in precision fermentation technology. Hence, this review offers an up-to-date exploration of animal cell-based cellular agriculture to produce milk components, specifically emphasizing the structural, functional, and productive aspects of mammary epithelial cells, providing new information for industry and academia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Cheol Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Su Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Vahinika Kothuri
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kwon HC, Jung HS, Kim DH, Han JH, Han SG. The Role of Progesterone in Elf5 Activation and Milk Component Synthesis for Cell-Cultured Milk Production in MAC-T Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:642. [PMID: 38396610 PMCID: PMC10886090 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolactin is essential for mammary gland development and lactation. Progesterone also induces ductal branching and alveolar formation via initial secretory differentiation within the mammary gland. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the role of progesterone as a prolactin substitute for the production of cell-cultured milk components in MAC-T cells. Cells were treated with various hormones such as prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P4), 17β-estradiol (E2), cortisol (COR), and insulin (INS) for 5 d. MAC-T cells cultured in a P4 differentiation media (2500 ng/mL of P4, 25 ng/mL of E2, 25 ng/mL of COR, and 25 ng/mL of INS) showed similar levels of E74-like factor 5 (Elf5) and milk component synthesis (α-casein, β-casein, α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and triglycerides) compared to those cultured in a PRL differentiation media (5000 ng/mL of PRL, 500 ng/mL of CORT, and 50 ng/mL of INS). The levels of α-casein and triglycerides in the optimal P4 differentiation media were present at comparable levels to those in the PRL differentiation media. Our results demonstrated that P4 induces the activation of Elf5 and the synthesis of milk components in MAC-T cells, similar to PRL. Therefore, P4 may be used as an effective substitute of PRL for cell-cultured milk production in in vitro frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sung Gu Han
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (H.C.K.); (H.S.J.); (D.H.K.); (J.H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wakatsuki T, Nakamura T, Ishii A, Konishi K, Okubo M, Souma K, Hirayama H. Calving prediction with continuous measurement of subcutaneous tissue glucose concentration in pregnant cows. Theriogenology 2023; 202:119-124. [PMID: 36940636 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
To reduce losses of dams and calves due to unfortunate events, such as dystocia and freezing to death, identifying the onset of calving and providing necessary assistance are crucial. Prepartum increase in blood glucose concentration is a known indicator to detect labor in pregnant cows. However, some issues, including the need for frequent blood sampling and stress on cows, must be resolved before establishing a method for anticipating calving using changes in blood glucose concentrations. Herein, instead of measuring the blood glucose concentrations, subcutaneous tissue glucose concentration (tGLU) was measured in peripartum primiparous (n = 6) and multiparous (n = 8) cows at 15 min intervals using a wearable sensor. A transient increase in tGLU was observed in the peripartum period, with peak individual concentrations occurring between 2.8 h before and 3.5 h after calving. tGLU in primiparous cows was significantly higher than that in multiparous cows. To account for individual variations in basal tGLU, the maximum relative increase in the 3-h moving average of tGLU (Max MA) was used to predict calving. Cutoff points for Max MA were established by parity, with receiver operating characteristic analysis predicting calving within 24, 18, 12, and 6 h. Except for one multiparous cow that showed an increase in tGLU just before calving, all cows reached at least two cutoff points and calving was predicted successfully. The time interval between reaching the tGLU cutoff points that predicted calving within 12 h and actual calving was 12.3 ± 5.6 h. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential role of tGLU as a predictive indicator of calving in cows. Advancements in machine learning-based prediction algorithms and bovine-optimized sensors will help in increasing the accuracy of calving prediction using tGLU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Wakatsuki
- Dairy Cow Group, Daily Research Center, Hokkaido Research Organization, Nakashibetsu, Hokkaido, 086-1135, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Nakamura
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Ayumi Ishii
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Kanta Konishi
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Michiko Okubo
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Kousaku Souma
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan; Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hirayama
- Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Faculty of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan; Department of Northern Biosphere Agriculture, Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Megahed AA, Jones KL, Bisinotto RS, Chebel RC, Galvão KN, Chan AM, Bittar JHJ. Validation of a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for cattle serum and plasma progesterone measurement. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9:1064201. [PMID: 36699340 PMCID: PMC9868466 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1064201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Monitoring circulating progesterone concentration ([P4]) is an important component of basic and applied reproduction research and clinical settings. IMMULITE® 2000 XPi (Siemens Healthineers, Cary, NC) is a newly upgraded fully automated immunoassay system marketed for human use to measure concentrations of different measurands including P4. Objectives Our objective was therefore to characterize the analytical performance of the IMMULITE® 2000 XPi P4 immunoassay (IPI) across the reportable range in serum and plasma of cattle. Methods The IPI validation protocols included characterization of the method linearity, within-run, and between-run precision through calculation of the coefficient of variation (CV). The method accuracy was assessed through the calculation of the spiking-recovery (SR) bias across the reportable range (0.2-40.0 ng/mL). Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman plots were used to determine the interlaboratory bias for two laboratories. Three types of observed total error (TEo) were calculated based on the considered type of bias, TEoSR (spiking-recovery), TEoRB (range-based bias), and TEoAB (average-based bias). Results The IPI was linearly related to the true value (R 2 = 0.997) across the reportable range. The within-run and between-run precision (CV%) of the IPI for both serum and plasma [P4] of clinical relevance (1, 2, 5, and 10 ng/mL) were <5 and <10%, respectively. The TEo reported here for serum and plasma at [P4] of 1 and 5 ng/mL was ~20 and 25%, respectively. Of interest, the three types of TEo were relatively similar regardless of the considered bias. Conclusions We concluded that the automated IPI provides a precise, accurate, reliable, and safe method for measuring [P4] in both serum and plasma of cattle. Consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations, the serum matrix is more accurate than plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameer A. Megahed
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor-Toukh, Kalyobiya, Egypt
| | - Kristi L. Jones
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Rafael S. Bisinotto
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ricardo C. Chebel
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Klibs N. Galvão
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ann M. Chan
- Department of Research and Graduate Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - João H. J. Bittar
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,*Correspondence: João H. J. Bittar ✉
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yi J, Yum SY, Kim D, Han S, Ha J, Kim J, Jung D, Jang G, Lee W, Moon J. Differences in hormone levels around parturition in Hanwoo cattle (Bos taurus coreanae) following artificial insemination and embryo transfer. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:1258-1263. [PMID: 35193169 PMCID: PMC9122465 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With unique genetic traits, Hanwoo cattle (Bos taurus coreanae) are well‐adapted to the Korean environment. However, their perinatal mortality rate is 2%–3%, which imposes an economic burden. Objective Due to insufficient data on hormonal changes around parturition, the timing of parturition is often predicted subjectively; few studies have examined hormones in Hanwoo cattle. We measured the changes in various hormones around parturition, to seek an objective predictor of parturition time. Methods In 14 female Hanwoo cattle, we measured progesterone, prolactin and cortisol concentrations daily in jugular vein blood samples, beginning 6 days before parturition until 7 days after parturition. Conception was induced in five animals using artificial insemination. Nine animals received embryo transfer. Results During parturition, the concentration of progesterone decreased significantly in the embryo transfer group (n = 9) and in the total population (n = 14); it did not change significantly in the artificial insemination group (n = 5). Prolactin concentration increased on the day of parturition but did not differ significantly among the groups. Cortisol remained constant throughout the study course. Conclusion We concluded that parturition time can be predicted in Hanwoo cattle using progesterone concentration. This knowledge can reduce perinatal mortality, which would help to improve farm income and animal welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junkoo Yi
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Yum
- Lartbio Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyun Kim
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sera Han
- Lartbio Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejung Ha
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Lartbio Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Jung
- Livestock Research Institute, Yeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Jang
- Lartbio Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyou Lee
- Lartbio Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonho Moon
- Lartbio Co., Ltd., Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
How to Predict Parturition in Cattle? A Literature Review of Automatic Devices and Technologies for Remote Monitoring and Calving Prediction. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030405. [PMID: 35158728 PMCID: PMC8833683 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cattle farming is facing an increase in number of animals that farmers must care for, together with decreasing time for observation of the single animal. Remote monitoring systems are needed in order to optimize workload and animal welfare. Where the presence of personnel is constant, for example in dairy farms with great number of lactating cows or with three milking/day, calving monitoring systems which send alerts during the prodromal stage of labor (stage I) could be beneficial. On the contrary, where the presence of farm personnel is not guaranteed, for example in smaller farms, systems which alert at the beginning of labor (stage II) could be preferred. In this case, time spent observing periparturient animals is reduced. The reliability of each calving alarm should also be considered: automatic sensors for body temperature and activity are characterized by a time interval of 6-12 h between the alarm and calving. Promising results have been shown by devices which could be placed within the vaginal canal, thus identifying the beginning of fetal expulsion and optimizing the timing of calving assistance. However, some cases of non-optimal local tolerability and cow welfare issues are reported. Future research should be aimed to improve Sensitivity (Se), Specificity (Sp) and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of calving alert devices in order to decrease the number of false positive alarms and focusing on easy-to-apply, re-usable and well tolerated products.
Collapse
|
7
|
Effect of antepartum vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) and postpartum oral calcium administration on serum total calcium concentration in Holstein cows fed an acidogenic diet in late gestation. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:239-246. [PMID: 33706075 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several strategies are available to control periparturient hypocalcaemia in dairy cows. Three complementary strategies were applied in this study: feeding a low DCAD (acidogenic) ration during late gestation, oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) administration in late gestation, and oral Ca administration immediately after parturition. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 240) were fed an acidogenic ration in late gestation and randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Group A (n = 80) were fed the acidogenic diet without supplementary Ca or cholecalciferol. Group Ca + A (n = 80) received 50 g of Ca as an oral bolus at calving and 12 h later. Group D3 + Ca + A (n = 80) were administered 3 mg of cholecalciferol orally each day starting 3 to 5 days before the anticipated calving date and 50 g of Ca as an oral bolus at calving and 12 h later. Blood and urine samples were obtained periodically from a random subset of 20 cows in each group from day 5 antepartum to day 21 postpartum and selected analytes measured. Data was analyzed using mixed models analysis. Serum Ca concentrations in group D3 + Ca + A were higher 12 h before and at parturition, compared to the two other groups. Oral Ca administration transiently increased mean serum Ca concentrations at 6 h after treatment initiation in groups D3 + Ca + A and Ca + A. We conclude that daily oral administration of 3 mg of cholecalciferol for up to 5 days before calving, combined with feeding an acidogenic ration in late gestation and oral Ca immediately after parturition, provided the highest periparturient serum Ca concentrations.
Collapse
|