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Kumari R, Ghosh AK. Detection of Aspergillus flavus in Wheat Grains Using Anti-mannoprotein (MP1) and Spore Protein Polyclonal Antibodies. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:1790-1803. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Risk assessment of fungal spoilage: A case study of Aspergillus niger on yogurt. Food Microbiol 2017; 65:264-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wang T, Li P, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Wang T, He T. Determination of Aspergillus pathogens in agricultural products by a specific nanobody-polyclonal antibody sandwich ELISA. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4348. [PMID: 28659622 PMCID: PMC5489487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus and its poisonous mycotoxins are distributed worldwide throughout the environment and are of particular interest in agriculture and food safety. In order to develop a specific method for rapid detection of Aspergillus flavus to forecast diseases and control aflatoxins, a nanobody, PO8-VHH, highly reactive to A. flavus was isolated from an immunized alpaca nanobody library by phage display. The nanobody was verified to bind to the components of extracellular and intracellular antigen from both A. flavus and A. parasiticus. To construct a sandwich format immunoassay, polyclonal antibodies against Aspergillus were raised with rabbits. Finally, a highly selective nanobody-polyclonal antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was optimized and developed. The results revealed that the detection limits of the two fungi were as low as 1 μg mL-1, and that it is able to detect fungal concentrations below to 2 μg mg-1 of peanut and maize grains in both artificially and naturally contaminated samples. Therefore, we here provided a rapid and simple method for monitoring Aspergillus spp. contamination in agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products, Wuhan, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaowei Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products, Wuhan, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting He
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
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Ambrose A, Cho BK. A Review of Technologies for Detection and Measurement of Adulterants in Cereals and Cereal Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5307/jbe.2014.39.4.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Xue S, Li HP, Zhang JB, Liu JL, Hu ZQ, Gong AD, Huang T, Liao YC. Chicken single-chain antibody fused to alkaline phosphatase detects Aspergillus pathogens and their presence in natural samples by direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anal Chem 2013; 85:10992-9. [PMID: 24128348 DOI: 10.1021/ac402608e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific analytical method to detect ubiquitous aflatoxigenic Aspergillus pathogens is essential for monitoring and controlling aflatoxins. Four highly reactive chicken single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) against soluble cell wall proteins (SCWPs) from Aspergillus flavus were isolated by phage display. The scFv antibody AfSA4 displayed the highest activity toward both A. flavus and A. parasiticus and specifically recognized a surface target of their cell walls as revealed by immunofluorescence localization. Molecular modeling revealed a unique compact motif on the antibody surface mainly involving L-CDR2 and H-CDR3. As measured by surface plasmon resonance, AfSA4 fused to alkaline phosphatase had a higher binding capability and 6-fold higher affinity compared with AfSA4 alone. Immunoblot analyses showed that the fusion had good binding capacity to SCWP components from the two fungal species. Direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with mouse antiaspergillus monoclonal antibody mAb2A8 generated in parallel as a capture antibody revealed that the detection limit of the two fungi was as low as 10(-3) μg/mL, 1000-fold more sensitive than that reported previously (1 μg/mL). The fusion protein was able to detect fungal concentrations below 1 μg/g of maize and peanut grains in both artificially and naturally contaminated samples, with at least 10-fold more sensitivity than that reported (10 μg/g) thus far. Thus, the fusion can be applied in rapid, simple, and specific diagnosis of Aspergillus contamination in field and stored food/feed commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xue
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China
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Sun X, Yan L, Tang Y, Zhang Y. A rapid and specific immunosensor for the detection of aflatoxigenic Aspergilli. Eur Food Res Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-012-1716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Gougouli M, Kalantzi K, Beletsiotis E, Koutsoumanis KP. Development and application of predictive models for fungal growth as tools to improve quality control in yogurt production. Food Microbiol 2011; 28:1453-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Park JW, Shon DH, Kim YB. Application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting mold contamination in agricultural commodities and comparison with conventional assays. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100400013393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Intense light pulse treatment as alternative method for mould spores destruction on paper–polyethylene packaging material. J FOOD ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Detection of alkaline phosphatase by competitive indirect ELISA using immunoglobulin in yolk (IgY) specific against bovine milk alkaline phosphatase. Food Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect Fusarium species in foods. Antibodies to proteins extracted from the mycelia of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium moniliforme (verticillioides) were produced in New Zealand white rabbits. These antibodies detected 13 Fusarium species in addition to the producer strains. Levels of Fusarium semitectum and Fusarium tricinctum strains were below the detection threshold. The specificity of the assay was tested against 70 molds and yeasts belonging to 23 genera. One strain of Monascus species and one strain of Phoma exigua were detected; however, these two molds are not common contaminants of cereal grains or foods and should not interfere with the assay. The indirect ELISA's detection limits for F. graminearum and F. moniliforme were 0.1 and 1 microg of mold mycelium per ml of a cornmeal mixture, respectively. When spores of each mold were added individually to cornmeal mixtures (at ca. 10 spores per g) and incubated at 25 degrees C, these spores were detected by the indirect ELISA when they reached levels of 10(2) to 10(3) CFU/ml after 24 to 36 h. The indirect ELISA developed here shows promise for the detection of Fusarium species in grains or foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Iyer
- Department of Food Science, 1160 Food Science Building, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA
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Tu YY, Chen CC, Chang JH, Chang HM. Characterization of Lactoferrin (LF) from Colostral Whey Using Anti-LF Antibody Immunoaffinity Chromatography. J Food Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb09442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Isolation of immunoglobulin in yolk (IgY) and rabbit serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific against bovine lactoferrin by immunoaffinity chromatography. Food Res Int 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0963-9969(00)00172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yong RK, Cousin MA. Detection of moulds producing aflatoxins in maize and peanuts by an immunoassay. Int J Food Microbiol 2001; 65:27-38. [PMID: 11322698 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect moulds producing aflatoxins in maize and peanuts by an antibody produced to extracellular antigen from Aspergillus parasiticus. This antibody recognized species with phenotypic similarities to A. parasiticus, A. flavus and the domesticated species A. sojae and A. oryzae. For maize samples that were naturally contaminated with aflatoxins, low and high levels of aflatoxin corresponded with low and high ELISA readings for mould antigens, respectively. Maize and peanuts inoculated with 10(2) spores ml(-1) of A. parasiticus and incubated at 15 degrees C for 18 days or 21 degrees C for 7 days were analyzed for mould antigens and aflatoxin levels. At 15 degrees C, mould antigens were detected by day 4 in maize when 0.16 ng g(-1) of aflatoxin was detected by ELISA but not by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Antigens were detected in peanuts by day 4 before aflatoxin was found. Likewise, at 21 degrees C, antigens were detected by day 4 in maize when less than 1 ng g(-1) of aflatoxin was detected by ELISA but not by TLC, but by day 2 in peanuts when no aflatoxin was detected. A. parasiticus could be detected before it could produce aflatoxins. Therefore, this ELISA shows potential as an early detection method for moulds that produce aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Yong
- The Kroger Company, Cincinnati, OH 45202-1100, USA
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Abstract
Molds are widely distributed in nature and cause deterioration of foods and feeds. Their mycotoxins can adversely affect human and animal health. Suitable assays for molds, therefore, are required to implement control and regulatory strategies and to develop appropriate feeding regimens for mold-infested feeds. Many different types of mold assays have been used, most of which are not reproducible or accurate. However, the immunoassays, particularly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), can be especially useful. Among these, assays that detect the water-soluble extracellular secretions of fungi, the exoantigens, are generally able to detect fungi at the genus or species level, whereas the heat-stable polysaccharides tend to be specific for one or more genus of fungi. Several species and genus (genera)-specific ELISAs have been developed using monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against exoantigens and heat-stable polysaccharides from a wide range of fungi, including Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium species. Other assays have been developed that nonspecifically detect mold in food or feed, some using antibodies against a mixture of antigens from different fungi. These assays are highly sensitive, are easy to perform, and provide an index of the amount of mold present in the sample. Further refinement of these assays should facilitate their widespread use by food and feed processors, regulatory agencies, taxonomists, and research scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Gan Z, Marquardt RR, Abramson D, Clear RM. The characterization of chicken antibodies raised against Fusarium spp. by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. Int J Food Microbiol 1997; 38:191-200. [PMID: 9506284 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(97)00108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunoassays for the detection of three Fusarium species have been developed. Chickens were immunized with the soluble antigens from within the mycelia (mycelia-soluble antigens) and the exoantigens of Fusarium sporotrichioides, Fusarium poae and Fusarium graminearum and the antigens were characterized using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunoblotting and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The cross-reactivities of antisera with eleven species of Fusarium, eleven species of fungi from other genera and the buffer-extracts of grain were determined. Antisera to the exoantigens and mycelia-soluble antigens did not cross-react with buffer-extracts of grain. The antisera against the mycelia-soluble antigens tended to cross-react with the antigens from other genera whereas the antisera against the exoantigens were genus specific. The antiserum raised against exoantigens from F. poae was species specific. The molecular weights of the immunodominant antigens from the Fusaria were above 28 kilodaltons. Antigens from Fusaria showed specific bands in SDS-PAGE gel that can be used to produce more specific antibodies. The results suggest that exoantigen immunoassay can be developed to identify Fusarium genus, whereas mycelia-soluble antigens are not suitable for immunoidentification among genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Gan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Lu P, Marquardt RR, Frohlich AA, Mills JT. Development of solid‐phase immunoassays for the detection and quantification ofAspergillus ochraceusin wheat grain. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/09540109509354867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Burge M, Msuya J, Cameron M, Stimson W. A monoclonal antibody for the detection of Serpula lacrymans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tsai GJ, Cousin MA. Partial purification and characterization of mold antigens commonly found in foods. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993; 59:2563-71. [PMID: 8368845 PMCID: PMC182321 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.8.2563-2571.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid methods are needed for detection of molds in foods; therefore, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed. The extracellular and mycelial antigens for Mucor, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Geotrichum species were partially purified and characterized. The molecular masses of the mycelial and extracellular antigens, as determined by size exclusion chromatography, ranged from 4.5 x 10(5) to 6.7 x 10(5) Da. There was only one main antigenic peak separated by Sepharose CL-4B and concanavalin A-Sepharose columns for Mucor, Cladosporium, and Geotrichum mycelial and extracellular antigens, but there were two for Aspergillus mycelial antigens and three for Aspergillus extracellular antigens. These antigens contained 10 to 50% protein which was part of the active site since protease digestion significantly decreased antigenic activity. Neutral sugars, ranging from 13 to 75%, made up the rest of the active site, and < 1% phosphate was detected in mycelial antigens. Geotrichum, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus antigens contained mainly glucose, galactose, and mannose. Mucor antigens contained these sugars plus fucose. The percentage of sugars differed between the mycelia and extracellular antigens. Enzymatic digestion and competitive inhibition tests using different sugar derivatives showed that galactosyl residues with beta linkages were immunodominant for Aspergillus, Geotrichum, and Cladosporium antigens and mannosyl residues with alpha linkages were immunodominant for Mucor antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1160
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