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Kok I, Copani G, Bryan KA, Witt KLM, van Straalen WM, do Amaral RC, Cappellozza BI. Effects of feeding an inoculated corn silage with or without a direct-fed microbial on dry matter intake, milk production, and nutrient digestibility of high-producing lactating Holstein cows. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae010. [PMID: 38352623 PMCID: PMC10863484 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of inoculating corn silage and/or feeding a direct-fed microbial (PRO) on performance and nutrient digestibility of lactating dairy cows. At harvesting, corn silage was treated either with water (culated or not [CON]) or Lactococcus lactis and Lentilactobacillus buchneri (INC; SiloSolve FC) at 1.5 × 105 cfu/g of corn silage. Ten mini silos and one farm-scale silo bunker per treatment were prepared for the laboratory and the lactating dairy cow trial, respectively. Five mini silos per treatment were opened on days 2 or 90 post-ensiling for pH measurement, as well as chemical analysis and aerobic stability, respectively. The farm-scale silo bunkers were opened 77 d post-ensiling for the beginning of the lactating cow trial. Eighty lactating Holstein cows were assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial design to: (1) CON silage without PRO (CON-CON; n = 20), (2) CON silage with PRO at 14 g/head/d (CON-PRO; n = 20), (3) INC silage without PRO (INC-CON; n = 20), and (4) INC silage with PRO at 14 g/head/d (INC-PRO; n = 20). Concurrently with the feeding trial, eight cows per treatment were chosen for nutrient digestibility. The pH of the corn silage was not affected by the silage inoculant (P ≥ 0.29), but INC yielded greater concentration of acetic acid and longer aerobic stability (P < 0.01). Dairy cows fed INC had a lower mean total dry matter intake (DMI), milk protein content, and somatic cell counts vs. CON (P ≤ 0.02). On the other hand, milk and fat- and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) production efficiency, milk urea-N, DM, crude protein, and starch digestibility were greater for INC-fed cows (P ≤ 0.03). Feeding direct-fed microbials (DFM) improved mean body weight, milk yield, and FPCM, as well as milk protein and lactose yield (P ≤ 0.05), but reduced milk fat and protein content (P = 0.02). A silage inoculant × DFM interaction was observed for milk production efficiency, milk protein and lactose content, and somatic cell count (P ≤ 0.05). Dairy cows fed INC-CON had a greater milk production efficiency and milk lactose content (P ≤ 0.04), but INC-PRO had lower milk protein content and SCC (P ≤ 0.03). In summary, inoculating L. lactis and L. buchneri increased acetic acid content and aerobic stability of corn silage, reduced DMI, but improved milk production efficiency and nutrient digestibility of lactating Holstein dairy cows. On the other hand, feeding PRO improved milk, protein, and lactose yield. Additionally, combining the feeding of an inoculated corn silage with PRO reduced milk somatic cell count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Kok
- Schothorst Feed Research, 8218 NALelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Copani
- Animal and Plant Health & Nutrition, Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | - Keith A Bryan
- Animal and Plant Health & Nutrition, Chr. Hansen, Inc., Milwaukee, WI 53214, USA
| | - Kristian L M Witt
- Animal and Plant Health & Nutrition, Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
| | | | - Rafael C do Amaral
- Animal and Plant Health & Nutrition, Chr. Hansen Indústria e Comércio, Valinhos, SP 13278-327, Brazil
| | - Bruno I Cappellozza
- Animal and Plant Health & Nutrition, Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm 2970, Denmark
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Thompson K, McKeith A, Krehbiel C. Site of infusion of a commercially available direct-fed microbial on performance and digestibility in lactating Holstein cows. APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.15232/aas.2022-02354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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3
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Association between yeast product feeding and milk production of lactating dairy cows: Multilevel meta-analysis and meta-regression. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Langlois L, Akhtar N, Tam KC, Dixon B, Reid G. Fishing for the right probiotic: Host-microbe interactions at the interface of effective aquaculture strategies. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:6284803. [PMID: 34037775 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective aquaculture management strategies are paramount to global food security. Growing demands stimulate the intensification of production and create the need for practices that are both economically viable and environmentally sustainable. Importantly, pathogenic microbes continue to be detrimental to fish growth and survival. In terms of host health, the intestinal mucosa and its associated consortium of microbes have a critical role in modulating fitness and present an attractive opportunity to promote health at this interface. In light of this, the administration of probiotic microorganisms is being considered as a means to restore and sustain health in fish. Current evidence suggests that certain probiotic strains might be able to augment immunity, enhance growth rate, and protect against infection in salmonids, the most economically important family of farmed finfish. This review affirms the relevance of host-microbe interactions in salmonids in light of emerging evidence, with an emphasis on intestinal health. In addition, the current understanding of the mode of action of probiotics in salmonid fish is discussed, along with delivery systems that can effectively carry the living microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Langlois
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor St, N6A 4V2, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, N6A 5C1, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadeem Akhtar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kam C Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue W, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregor Reid
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor St, N6A 4V2, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, N6A 5C1, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, The University of Western Ontario, St. Joseph's Health Care London, 268 Grosvenor St, N6A 4V2, London, Ontario, Canada
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Tricarico J, Johnston J, Dawson K. Dietary supplementation of ruminant diets with an Aspergillus oryzae α-amylase. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hristov A, Basel C, Melgar A, Foley A, Ropp J, Hunt C, Tricarico J. Effect of exogenous polysaccharide-degrading enzyme preparations on ruminal fermentation and digestibility of nutrients in dairy cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effect of Microbial Additives on Metabolic Characteristics in Sheep and Milking Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.5187/jast.2007.49.6.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Effects of an Aspergillus oryzae Extract Containing ɑ-Amylase Activity on Lactational Performance in Commercial Dairy Herds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.15232/s1080-7446(15)30976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Oetzel GR, Emery KM, Kautz WP, Nocek JE. Direct-Fed Microbial Supplementation and Health and Performance of Pre- and Postpartum Dairy Cattle: A Field Trial. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:2058-68. [PMID: 17369249 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2006-484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A double-blind field trial was conducted on a commercial dairy to study the effects of feeding a direct-fed microbial (DFM) product consisting of 2 strains of Enterococcus faecium plus Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast on prepartum and postpartum performance of Holstein cows. Treatments consisted of the normal pre- and post-fresh TMR supplemented with the DFM (2 g/cow per d) or a placebo. Treatments started approximately 10 d prepartum and continued until about 23 d in milk (DIM). A total of 366 Holstein cows were enrolled in 1 of 2 placebo groups or 2 DFM-supplemented groups. Groups were enrolled consecutively, starting with the placebo treatment. Sample size was limited to 4 groups because the cooperating dairy prematurely terminated the study due to increased health problems in one of the groups. Blood samples were taken during the prefresh period between 2 and 10 d prior to calving and at weekly intervals from 3 to 23 DIM. Blood concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids before calving and beta-hydroxy-butyrate after calving were not affected by treatment. Supplementation with the DFM product increased milk fat percentage for the first lactation cows and increased milk protein percentage for the second and greater lactation cows during the first 85 DIM. Second-lactation cows fed the DFM product received fewer antibiotic treatments before 85 DIM than cows receiving the placebo. This validated the dairy producer's concern that cows consuming one of the diets (revealed to be the placebo diet after the study was completed) were experiencing more health problems. Most measures of milk yield were numerically increased by supplementation with the DFM product. However, differences in milk yield were not significant. Key covariates for main study outcomes included milk yield in the previous (first) lactation, body condition score prior to calving, days spent in the maternity pen, and stocking density of the pre-fresh pen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Oetzel
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
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Nocek JE, Kautz WP. Direct-Fed Microbial Supplementation on Ruminal Digestion, Health, and Performance of Pre- and Postpartum Dairy Cattle. J Dairy Sci 2006; 89:260-6. [PMID: 16357289 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(06)72090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effects of supplementing direct-fed microbial agents (DFM) to dairy cows during the transition period were evaluated. Forty-four Holstein cows were fed close-up and lactating diets that did or did not contain 2 g of DFM/cow per d. The direct-fed microbial (DFM) supplement was fed at a rate of 2 × 109 viable yeast cells and 5 × 109 cfu of bacteria per cow per day [corrected].Supplemented cows were fed the DFM 21 d prior to expected calving date through 10 wk postpartum. Cows supplemented with DFM had higher estimated ruminally available dry matter (DM) for both corn silage and haylage than did control cows. Supplemented cows consumed more DM during both the pre- and postpartum periods. In addition, those supplemented with DFM produced 2.3 kg more milk/cow per d than did nonsupplemented cows. There was no difference in 3.5% fat-corrected milk. Milk fat percentage was lower, but not depressed (4.76 vs. 4.44%) for cows receiving DFM. There were no differences in milk fat yield or milk protein percentage and yield. Cows consuming DFM had higher blood glucose postpartum, as well as lower beta-hydroxybutyrate levels both prepartum and on d 1 postpartum. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration was not statistically affected by DFM, but was numerically lower prepartum and higher postpartum for supplemented cows. This study demonstrated that targeted DFM supplementation enhanced ruminal digestion of forage DM. Early lactation cows receiving supplemental DFM produced more milk and consumed more DM during the pre- and postpartum periods. Cows consuming DFM, however, experienced a lower, but not depressed, fat percentage compared with nonsupplemented cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Nocek
- Spruce Haven Farm and Research Center, Union Springs, NY 13160, USA.
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Beauchemin K, Krehbiel C, Newbold C. Chapter 7 Enzymes, bacterial direct-fed microbials and yeast: principles for use in ruminant nutrition. BIOLOGY OF GROWING ANIMALS 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1877-1823(09)70094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Savoini G, Agazzi A. Transition cow: nutritional prophylaxis. Vet Res Commun 2003; 27 Suppl 1:153-6. [PMID: 14535383 DOI: 10.1023/b:verc.0000014132.94454.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Savoini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Veterinarie per la Sicurezza Alimentare via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Reid
- Canadian Research and Development Centre for Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Atlas
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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