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Mariani CL, Niman ZE, Boozer LB, Ruterbories LK, Early PJ, Muñana KR, Olby NJ. Vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with neoplastic or inflammatory central nervous system disorders. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1873-1883. [PMID: 34105831 PMCID: PMC8295675 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key molecular driver of angiogenesis and vascular permeability and is expressed by a wide variety of neoplasms. Although blood VEGF concentrations have been quantified in intracranial tumors of dogs, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) VEGF concentration might be a more sensitive biomarker of disease. Objective Concentrations of VEGF in CSF are higher in dogs with central nervous system (CNS) neoplasia compared to those with meningoencephalomyelitis and other neurologic disorders. Animals One hundred and twenty‐six client‐owned dogs presented to a veterinary teaching hospital. Methods Case‐control study. Cerebrospinal fluid was archived from dogs diagnosed with CNS neoplasia and meningoencephalomyelitis. Control dogs had other neurological disorders or diseases outside of the CNS. A commercially available kit was used to determine VEGF concentrations. Results Detectable CSF VEGF concentrations were present in 49/63 (77.8%) neoplastic samples, 22/24 (91.7%) inflammatory samples, and 8/39 (20.5%) control samples. The VEGF concentrations were significantly different between groups (P < .0001), and multiple comparison testing showed that both neoplastic and inflammatory groups had significantly higher concentrations than did controls (P < .05), but did not differ from each other. Gliomas and choroid plexus tumors had significantly higher VEGF concentrations than did the control group (P < .05). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Cerebrospinal fluid VEGF concentrations may serve as a marker of neoplastic and inflammatory CNS disorders relative to other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Mariani
- Comparative Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Laboratory, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zachary E Niman
- Comparative Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Laboratory, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lindsay B Boozer
- Comparative Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Laboratory, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura K Ruterbories
- Comparative Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Laboratory, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter J Early
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Karen R Muñana
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Natasha J Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Giovanini AF, Göhringer I, Tavella R, Linzmeyer MC, Priesnitz TF, Bonetto LM, Resende RG, Scariot R, Zielak JC. Intermittent administration of PTH induces the expression of osteocalcin and BMP-2 on choroid plexus cells associated with suppression of sclerostin, TGF-β1, and Na +K +ATPase. Endocrine 2018; 59:685-689. [PMID: 29235067 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Fernando Giovanini
- Master Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Histopathology of Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Isabella Göhringer
- Master Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Tavella
- Master Program in Biotechnology, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafaela Scariot
- Master Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Cesar Zielak
- Master Program in Clinical Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- Master Program in Biotechnology, Positivo University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Ramchandani D, Weber GF. Interactions between osteopontin and vascular endothelial growth factor: Implications for cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1855:202-22. [PMID: 25732057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For this comprehensive review, 257 publications with the keywords "osteopontin" or "OPN" and "vascular endothelial growth factor" or "VEGF" in PubMed were screened (time frame from year 1996 to year 2014). 37 articles were excluded because they were not focused on the interactions between these molecules, and papers relevant for transformation-related phenomena were selected. Osteopontin (OPN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are characterized by a convergence in function for regulating cell motility and angiogenesis, the response to hypoxia, and apoptosis. Often, they are co-expressed or one molecule induces the other, however, in some settings OPN-associated pathways and VEGF-associated pathways are distinct. Their relationships affect the pathogenesis in cancer, where they contribute to progression and angiogenesis and serve as markers for poor prognosis. The inhibition of OPN may reduce VEGF levels and suppress tumor progression. In vascular pathologies, these two cytokines mediate remodeling, but may also perpetuate inflammation and narrowing of the arteries. OPN and VEGF are elevated and contribute to vascularization in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georg F Weber
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, USA.
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Pacheco-Tena C, Pérez-Tamayo R, Pineda C, González-Chávez SA, Quiñonez-Flores C, Ugalde Vitelly A, Inman RD, Aubin JE, Vázquez-Mellado J, Burgos-Vargas R. Bone Lineage Proteins in the Entheses of the Midfoot in Patients with Spondyloarthritis. J Rheumatol 2014; 42:630-7. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.140218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Patients with juvenile-onset spondyloarthritis (SpA) may develop ankylosis of the midfoot resembling the spinal changes seen in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The study of the histopathology of the feet of patients with tarsitis could help us understand the pathogenesis of bone formation in affected structures in the SpA. The objective of our study was to describe the histopathologic characteristics of the midfoot in patients with tarsitis associated with SpA.Methods.We obtained synovial sheaths, entheses, and bone samples from 20 patients with SpA with midfoot pain/tenderness and swelling. Tissue samples underwent H&E staining; immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, and CD20 cell identification; and immunofluorescence for bone lineage proteins, including osteocalcin, osteopontin, parathyroid hormone-related protein, bone sialoprotein, and alkaline phosphatase.Results.Slight edema and hyalinization were found in some tendon sheaths, and few inflammatory cells were detected in the entheses. In bones, we found some changes suggesting osteoproliferation, including endochondral and intramembranous ossification, but no inflammatory cells. In entheses showing bone proliferation, we detected osteocalcin and osteopontin in cells with a fibroblast-mesenchymal phenotype, suggesting the induction of entheseal cells toward an osteoblast phenotype.Conclusion.Osteoproliferation and abnormal expression of bone lineage proteins, but no inflammatory infiltration, characterize midfoot involvement in patients with SpA. In this sense, tarsitis (or ankylosing tarsitis) resembles the involvement of the spine in patients with AS. Ossification may be in part explained by the differentiation of mesenchymal entheseal cells toward the osteoblastic lineage.
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