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Messmer SJ, Fraser JF, Pennypacker KR, Roberts JM. Method of intra-arterial drug administration in a rat: Sex based optimization of infusion rate. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 357:109178. [PMID: 33819555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endovascular thrombectomy is the process of removing a blood clot and re-establishing blood flow in patients with emergent large vessel occlusion. The technique provides an opportunity to deliver therapeutics directly to the site of injury. The intra-arterial (IA) route of drug administration in the mouse was developed to bridge the gap between animal stroke treatments and clinical stroke therapy. Here, we adapted the IA method for use in rats, by investigating various flow rates to optimize the IA injection through the internal carotid artery (ICA). METHODS Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (∼4 months of age) were subjected to placement of micro-angio tubing at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery for injection into the ICA. We evaluated a range of infusion rates of carbon black ink and its vascular distribution within the brain. RESULTS Optimal injection rates in males was 4-6 μl/min and 2-4 μl/min in females. The IA injection using these sex-specific rates resulted in appropriate limited dye delivery to only the ipsilateral region of the brain, without inducing a subarachnoid hemorrhage. CONCLUSION Upon adapting the IA administration model to rats, it was determined that the rate of infusion varied between males and females. This variability is an important consideration for studies utilizing both sexes, such as in ischemic stroke studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Messmer
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Justin F Fraser
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Keith R Pennypacker
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jill M Roberts
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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A murine model of targeted infusion for intracranial tumors. J Neurooncol 2015; 126:37-45. [PMID: 26376657 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-015-1942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Historically, intra-arterial (IA) drug administration for malignant brain tumors including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) was performed as an attempt to improve drug delivery. With the advent of percutaneous neuorovascular techniques and modern microcatheters, intracranial drug delivery is readily feasible; however, the question remains whether IA administration is safe and more effective compared to other delivery modalities such as intravenous (IV) or oral administrations. Preclinical large animal models allow for comparisons between treatment routes and to test novel agents, but can be expensive and difficult to generate large numbers and rapid results. Accordingly, we developed a murine model of IA drug delivery for GBM that is reproducible with clear readouts of tumor response and neurotoxicities. Herein, we describe a novel mouse model of IA drug delivery accessing the internal carotid artery to treat ipsilateral implanted GBM tumors that is consistent and reproducible with minimal experience. The intent of establishing this unique platform is to efficiently interrogate targeted anti-tumor agents that may be designed to take advantage of a directed, regional therapy approach for brain tumors.
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Foley CP, Rubin DG, Santillan A, Sondhi D, Dyke JP, Crystal RG, Gobin YP, Ballon DJ. Intra-arterial delivery of AAV vectors to the mouse brain after mannitol mediated blood brain barrier disruption. J Control Release 2014; 196:71-78. [PMID: 25270115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of therapeutics to neural tissue is greatly hindered by the blood brain barrier (BBB). Direct local delivery via diffusive release from degradable implants or direct intra-cerebral injection can bypass the BBB and obtain high concentrations of the therapeutic in the targeted tissue, however the total volume of tissue that can be treated using these techniques is limited. One treatment modality that can potentially access large volumes of neural tissue in a single treatment is intra-arterial (IA) injection after osmotic blood brain barrier disruption. In this technique, the therapeutic of interest is injected directly into the arteries that feed the target tissue after the blood brain barrier has been disrupted by exposure to a hyperosmolar mannitol solution, permitting the transluminal transport of the therapy. In this work we used contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of IA injections in mice to establish parameters that allow for extensive and reproducible BBB disruption. We found that the volume but not the flow rate of the mannitol injection has a significant effect on the degree of disruption. To determine whether the degree of disruption that we observed with this method was sufficient for delivery of nanoscale therapeutics, we performed IA injections of an adeno-associated viral vector containing the CLN2 gene (AAVrh.10CLN2), which is mutated in the lysosomal storage disorder Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (LINCL). We demonstrated that IA injection of AAVrh.10CLN2 after BBB disruption can achieve widespread transgene production in the mouse brain after a single administration. Further, we showed that there exists a minimum threshold of BBB disruption necessary to permit the AAV.rh10 vector to pass into the brain parenchyma from the vascular system. These results suggest that IA administration may be used to obtain widespread delivery of nanoscale therapeutics throughout the murine brain after a single administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor P Foley
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 516 E 72nd Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David G Rubin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68 Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alejandro Santillan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68 Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Jonathan P Dyke
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 516 E 72nd Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Y Pierre Gobin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68 Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Douglas J Ballon
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 516 E 72nd Street, New York, NY 10021, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Santillan A, Rubin DG, Foley CP, Sondhi D, Crystal RG, Gobin YP, Ballon DJ. Cannulation of the internal carotid artery in mice: a novel technique for intra-arterial delivery of therapeutics. J Neurosci Methods 2013; 222:106-10. [PMID: 24269174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a novel minimally invasive technique for the intra-arterial delivery of therapeutics to the mouse brain. CD-1 mice were anesthetized and placed in a lateral decubitus position. A 10mm midline longitudinal incision was made over the thyroid bone. The omohyoid and sternomastoid muscles were retracted to expose the common carotid artery and external carotid artery (ECA). To maximize delivery of administered agents, the superior thyroid artery was ligated or coagulated, and the occipital artery and the pterygopalatine artery (PPA) were temporarily occluded with 6-0 prolene suture. The ECA was carefully dissected and a permanent ligature was placed on its distal segment while a temporary 6-0 prolene ligature was placed on the proximal segment in order to obtain a flow-free segment of vessel. A sterilized 169 μm outer diameter polyimide microcatheter was introduced into the ECA and advanced in retrograde fashion toward the carotid bifurcation. The catheter was then secured and manually rotated so that the microcatheter tip was oriented cephalad in the internal carotid artery (ICA). We were able to achieve reproducible results for selective ipsilateral hemispheric carotid injections of mannitol mediated therapeutics and/or gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. Survival rates were dependent on the administered agent and ranged from 78 to 90%. This technique allows for reproducible delivery of agents to the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere by utilizing anterograde catheter placement and temporary ligation of the PPA. This method is cost-effective and associated with a low rate of morbimortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Santillan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States; Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Core Facility (CBIC), Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - David G Rubin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States; Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Core Facility (CBIC), Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Conor P Foley
- Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Core Facility (CBIC), Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Y Pierre Gobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States; Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Core Facility (CBIC), Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Douglas J Ballon
- Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Core Facility (CBIC), Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
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Burkhardt JK, Hofstetter CP, Santillan A, Shin BJ, Foley CP, Ballon DJ, Pierre Gobin Y, Boockvar JA. Orthotopic glioblastoma stem-like cell xenograft model in mice to evaluate intra-arterial delivery of bevacizumab: from bedside to bench. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:1568-72. [PMID: 22985932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bevacizumab (BV), a humanized monocolonal antibody directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is a standard intravenous (IV) treatment for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), that has been introduced recently as an intra-arterial (IA) treatment modality in humans. Since preclinical models have not been reported, we sought to develop a tumor stem cell (TSC) xenograft model to investigate IA BV delivery in vivo. Firefly luciferase transduced patient TSC were injected into the cortex of 35 nude mice. Tumor growth was monitored weekly using bioluminescence imaging. Mice were treated with either intraperitoneal (IP) or IA BV, with or without blood-brain barrier disruption (BBBD), or with IP saline injection (controls). Tumor tissue was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques. Tumor formation occurred in 31 of 35 (89%) mice with a significant signal increase over time (p=0.018). Post mortem histology revealed an infiltrative growth of TSC xenografts in a similar pattern compared to the primary human GBM. Tumor tissue analyzed at 24 hours after treatment revealed that IA BV treatment with BBBD led to a significantly higher intratumoral BV concentration compared to IA BV alone, IP BV or controls (p<0.05). Thus, we have developed a TSC-based xenograft mouse model that allows us to study IA chemotherapy. However, further studies are needed to analyze the treatment effects after IA BV to assess tumor progression and overall animal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Karl Burkhardt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain Tumor Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 525 East 68th Street, Box 99, New York, NY 10021, USA
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Burkhardt JK, Riina HA, Shin BJ, Moliterno JA, Hofstetter CP, Boockvar JA. Intra-arterial chemotherapy for malignant gliomas: a critical analysis. Interv Neuroradiol 2011; 17:286-95. [PMID: 22005689 DOI: 10.1177/159101991101700302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-arterial (IA) chemotherapy for malignant gliomas including glioblastoma multiforme was initiated decades ago, with many preclinical and clinical studies having been performed since then. Although novel endovascular devices and techniques such as microcatheter or balloon assistance have been introduced into clinical practice, the question remains whether IA therapy is safe and superior to other drug delivery modalities such as intravenous (IV) or oral treatment regimens. This review focuses on IA delivery and surveys the available literature to assess the advantages and disadvantages of IA chemotherapy for treatment of malignant gliomas. In addition, we introduce our hypothesis of using IA delivery to selectively target cancer stem cells residing in the perivascular stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-K Burkhardt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Brain Tumor Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, [corrected] USA
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Zou J, Yoshida T, Ramadan UA, Pyykkö I. Dynamic Enhancement of the Rat Inner Ear after Ultra-Small-Volume Administration of Gd-DOTA to the Medial Wall of the Middle Ear Cavity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 73:275-81. [DOI: 10.1159/000329760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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