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Miller E. An overview of the peer review process in biomedical sciences. Australas Psychiatry 2024; 32:247-251. [PMID: 38327220 PMCID: PMC11103892 DOI: 10.1177/10398562241231460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper aims to provide an introductory resource for beginner peer reviewers in psychiatry and the broader biomedical science field. It will provide a concise overview of the peer review process, alongside some reviewing tips and tricks. CONCLUSION The peer review process is a fundamental aspect of biomedical science publishing. The model of peer review offered varies between journals and usually relies on a pool of volunteers with differing levels of expertise and scope. The aim of peer review is to collaboratively leverage reviewers' collective knowledge with the objective of increasing the quality and merit of published works. The limitations, methodology and need for transparency in the peer review process are often poorly understood. Although imperfect, the peer review process provides some degree of scientific rigour by emphasising the need for an ethical, comprehensive and systematic approach to reviewing articles. Contributions from junior reviewers can add significant value to manuscripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Miller
- Division of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Subramanian S, Maisner RS, Patel N, Song A, Yuan L, Mistry D, Kapadia K, Lee ES. A Comparison of Plastic Surgery Authorship Trends Under Single Versus Double-Blinded Review. J Surg Res 2024; 298:260-268. [PMID: 38636182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research is key to academic advancement in plastic surgery. However, access to publication opportunities may be inequitable as seen in other fields. We compared authorship trends of plastic surgery manuscripts that underwent single-blinded review (SBR) versus double-blinded review (DBR) to identify potential disparities in publication opportunities. METHODS Publications from two plastic surgery journals using SBR and two using DBR from September 2019 to September 2021 were evaluated. Name and institution of the article's first and senior author and journal's editor-in-chief (EIC) were recorded. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact analyses were used to compare author characteristics between SBR and DBR articles. RESULTS Of 2500 manuscripts, 65.7% underwent SBR and 34.3% underwent DBR. SBR articles had higher percentages of women as first authors (31.9% versus 24.3%, P < 0.001) but lower percentages of first (50.7% versus 71.2%, P < 0.001) and senior (49.6% versus 70.3%, P < 0.001) authors from international institutions. First (26.0% versus 12.9%, P < 0.001) and senior (27.9% versus 18.0%, P = 0.007) authors of SBR articles tended to have more plastic surgery National Institutes of Health funding. Journals using SBR tended to have higher rates of authorship by EICs or authors sharing institutions with the EIC (P ≤ 0.005). CONCLUSIONS While associated with greater female first authorship suggesting potential efforts toward gender equity in academia, SBR of plastic surgery articles tends to favor authors from institutions with higher National Institutes of Health funding and disadvantage authors from international or lower-resourced programs. Careful consideration of current peer-review proceedings may make publication opportunities more equitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamala Subramanian
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Rose S Maisner
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | - Nikita Patel
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Amy Song
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Laura Yuan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Dhrumi Mistry
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Kailash Kapadia
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Edward S Lee
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
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Wu SS, Katabi L, DeSimone R, Borsting E, Ascha M. A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Publication Bias in the Plastic Surgery Literature. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:1032e-1045e. [PMID: 37467390 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Publication bias (PB) is the preferential publishing of studies with statistically significant results. PB can skew findings of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs), with potential consequences for patient care and health policy. This study aims to determine the extent to which SRs and MAs in the plastic surgery literature evaluate and report PB. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed PB reporting and analysis from plastic surgery studies published between January 1, 2015, and June 19, 2020. Full texts of SRs and MAs were assessed by two reviewers for PB assessment methodology and analysis. Post hoc assessment of studies that did not originally analyze PB was performed using Egger regression, Duval, Tweedie trim-and-fill, and Copas selection models. RESULTS There were 549 studies evaluated, of which 531 full texts were included. PB was discussed by 183 studies (34.5%), and formally assessed by 97 studies (18.3%). Among SRs and MAs that formally assessed PB, PB was present in 24 studies (10.7%), not present in 52 (23.1%), and inconclusive in eight (3.6%); 141 studies (62.7%) did not report the results of their PB assessment. Funnel plots were the most common assessment method [ n = 88 (39.1%)], and 60 studies (68.2%) published funnel plots. The post hoc assessment revealed PB in 17 of 20 studies (85.0%). CONCLUSIONS PB is inadequately reported and analyzed among studies in the plastic surgery literature. Most studies that assessed PB found PB, as did post hoc analysis of nonreporting studies. Increased assessment and reporting of PB among SRs and MAs would improve the quality of evidence in plastic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon S Wu
- From the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Leila Katabi
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Michigan School of Medicine
| | - Robert DeSimone
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine
| | - Emily Borsting
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Irvine
| | - Mona Ascha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital
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Loui M, Fiala SC. Inequities in Academic Publishing: Where Is the Evidence and What Can Be Done? Am J Public Health 2024; 114:377-381. [PMID: 38478868 PMCID: PMC10937608 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Loui
- Meredith Loui is with the Department of Prevention and Community Health, the George Washington University, Washington, DC. Steven C. Fiala is with the Oregon Health Authority Public Health Division, and the Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland. Steven C. Fiala is also a deputy editor for AJPH
| | - Steven C Fiala
- Meredith Loui is with the Department of Prevention and Community Health, the George Washington University, Washington, DC. Steven C. Fiala is with the Oregon Health Authority Public Health Division, and the Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland. Steven C. Fiala is also a deputy editor for AJPH
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Fox CW, Meyer J, Aimé E. Double‐blind peer review affects reviewer ratings and editor decisions at an ecology journal. Funct Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles W. Fox
- Department of Entomology University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | | | - Emilie Aimé
- British Ecological Society London UK
- Royal Entomological Society St Albans UK
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Tips and guidelines for being a good peer reviewer. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2023; 46:215-235. [PMID: 35278500 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Publication is the key means by which science spreads. The purpose of scientific journals is to publish novel and quality articles. The editors of the journals evaluate the content of the manuscripts by submitting them to a process called «peer review», considered today the gold standard to guarantee the adequate publication of scientific articles. A well-crafted and critical peer-review report is a treasure for both authors and editors. In the present manuscript we will examine the key aspects of the peer review process. We will begin by explaining what exactly this process consists of and since when it has existed, and then clarifying why it is so important. Then we will argue why we should want to be reviewers of scientific papers. We will then review what are the fundamental rules to carry out a good review of a manuscript and what aspects of it we should focus on. Later we will see what format a peer review report should have and how to write its different sections, as well as the options for its final resolution. We will pay special attention to commenting on the ethical aspects and the most frequent errors that are made in the evaluation of manuscripts. Finally, we will recognize what the fundamental limitations of peer review are, and we will end by proposing some suggestions for their improvement. Our ultimate goal is to stimulate researchers -and authors- to go one step further and undertake the challenge of being peer reviewers of scientific manuscripts.
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Emile SH, Hamid HKS, Atici SD, Kosker DN, Papa MV, Elfeki H, Tan CY, El-Hussuna A, Wexner SD. Types, limitations, and possible alternatives of peer review based on the literature and surgeons’ opinions via Twitter: a narrative review. SCIENCE EDITING 2022. [DOI: 10.6087/kcse.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review aimed to illustrate the types, limitations, and possible alternatives of peer review (PR) based on a literature review together with the opinions of a social media audience via Twitter. This study was conducted via the #OpenSourceResearch collaborative platform and combined a comprehensive literature search on the current PR system with the opinions of a social media audience of surgeons who are actively engaged in the current PR system. Six independent researchers conducted a literature search of electronic databases in addition to Google Scholar. Electronic polls were organized via Twitter to assess surgeons’ opinions on the current PR system and potential alternative approaches. PR can be classified into single-blind, double-blind, triple-blind, and open PR. Newer PR systems include interactive platforms, prepublication and postpublication commenting or review, transparent review, and collaborative review. The main limitations of the current PR system are its allegedly time-consuming nature and inconsistent, biased, and non-transparent results. Suggestions to improve the PR process include employing an interactive, double-blind PR system, using artificial intelligence to recruit reviewers, providing incentives for reviewers, and using PR templates. The above results offer several concepts for possible alternative approaches and modifications to this critically important process.
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Faggion CM. Peer review blinding practices of highly ranked dental journals: analysis and discussion. Br Dent J 2021:10.1038/s41415-021-3319-y. [PMID: 34446840 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the type of peer review blinding used in highly ranked dental journals and to discuss the influence of the blinding approaches on the peer review process.Methods All 91 dental journals classified by impact factor (IF) had their websites scrutinised for the type of peer review blinding used for submissions. If the information was not reported, the journals were contacted to obtain the information. Linear and logistic regression were applied to evaluate the association between type of peer review blinding and IF.Results The selected journals reported the following peer review blinding approaches: single-blind (N = 36, 39.6%), double-blind (N = 46, 50.5%), transparent (N = 2, 2.2%) and open (N = 1, 1.1%). Information from six (6.6%) journals was not available. A linear regression analysis demonstrated that journals with lower IFs were associated with double-blind review (p = 0.001). A logistic regression suggested lower odds of association between single-blind peer review and journals with IFs below a threshold of 2 (odds ratio 0.157, confidence interval 0.059 to 0.417, p <0.001).Conclusions The majority of highly ranked dental journals had single- and double-blind peer review; journals with higher IFs presented single-blind peer review and those with lower IFs reported double-blind peer review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clovis Mariano Faggion
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Clift J, Cooke A, Isles AR, Dalley JW, Henson RN. Lifting the lid on impact and peer review. Brain Neurosci Adv 2021; 5:23982128211006574. [PMID: 33954260 PMCID: PMC8044561 DOI: 10.1177/23982128211006574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain and Neuroscience Advances has grown in tandem with the British Neuroscience Association’s campaign to build Credibility in Neuroscience, which encourages actions and initiatives aimed at improving reproducibility, reliability and openness. This commitment to credibility impacts not only what the Journal publishes, but also how it operates. With that in mind, the Editorial Board sought the views of the neuroscience community on the peer review process, and on how they should respond to the Journal Impact Factor that will be assigned to Brain and Neuroscience Advances. In this editorial, we present the results of a survey of neuroscience researchers conducted in the autumn of 2020 and discuss the broader implications of our findings for the Journal and the neuroscience community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Cooke
- British Neuroscience Association, Bristol, UK
| | - Anthony R Isles
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeffrey W Dalley
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard N Henson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Zafonte RD, Schmidt MB. Working against bias: double blind peer review at Journal of Osteopathic Medicine. J Osteopath Med 2021; 121:451-453. [PMID: 33866698 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2021-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Zafonte
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa B Schmidt
- Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, American Osteopathic Association, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kwee TC, Adams HJA, Kwee RM. Peer review practices by medical imaging journals. Insights Imaging 2020; 11:125. [PMID: 33245469 PMCID: PMC7695801 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-020-00921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate peer review practices by medical imaging journals. METHODS Journals in the category "radiology, nuclear medicine and medical imaging" of the 2018 Journal Citation Reports were included. RESULTS Of 119 included journals, 62 (52.1%) used single-blinded peer review, 49 (41.2%) used double-blinded peer review, two (1.7%) used open peer review and one (0.8%) used both single-blinded and double-blinded peer reviews, while the peer review model of five journals (4.2%) remained unclear. The use of single-blinded peer review was significantly associated with a journal's impact factor (correlation coefficient of 0.218, P = 0.022). On subgroup analysis, only subspecialty medical imaging journals had a significant association between the use of single-blinded peer review and a journal's impact factor (correlation coefficient of 0.354, P = 0.025). Forty-eight journals (40.3%) had a reviewer preference option, 48 journals (40.3%) did not have a reviewer recommendation option, and 23 journals (19.3%) obliged authors to indicate reviewers on their manuscript submission systems. Sixty-four journals (53.8%) did not provide an explicit option on their manuscript submission Web site to indicate nonpreferred reviewers, whereas 55 (46.2%) did. There were no significant associations between the option or obligation to indicate preferred or nonpreferred reviewers and a journal's impact factor. CONCLUSION Single-blinded peer review and the option or obligation to indicate preferred or nonpreferred reviewers are frequently employed by medical imaging journals. Single-blinded review is (weakly) associated with a higher impact factor, also for subspecialty journals. The option or obligation to indicate preferred or nonpreferred reviewers is evenly distributed among journals, regardless of impact factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Kwee
- Medical Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hugo J A Adams
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert M Kwee
- Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands
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Shoham N, Pitman A. Open versus blind peer review: is anonymity better than transparency? BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1192/bja.2020.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARYPeer review is widely accepted as essential to ensuring scientific quality in academic journals, yet little training is provided in the specifics of how to conduct peer review. In this article we describe the different forms of peer review, with a particular focus on the differences between single-blind, double-blind and open peer review, and the advantages and disadvantages of each. These illustrate some of the challenges facing the community of authors, editors, reviewers and readers in relation to the process of peer review. We also describe other forms of peer review, such as post-publication review, transferable review and collaborative review, and encourage clinicians and academics at all training stages to engage in the practice of peer review as part of continuing professional development.
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Haffar S, Bazerbachi F, Murad MH. Peer Review Bias: A Critical Review. Mayo Clin Proc 2019; 94:670-676. [PMID: 30797567 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Various types of bias and confounding have been described in the biomedical literature that can affect a study before, during, or after the intervention has been delivered. The peer review process can also introduce bias. A compelling ethical and moral rationale necessitates improving the peer review process. A double-blind peer review system is supported on equipoise and fair-play principles. Triple- and quadruple-blind systems have also been described but are not commonly used. The open peer review system introduces "Skin in the Game" heuristic principles for both authors and reviewers and has a small favorable effect on the quality of published reports. In this exposition, we present, on the basis of a comprehensive literature search of PubMed from its inception until October 20, 2017, various possible mechanisms by which the peer review process can distort research results, and we discuss the evidence supporting different strategies that may mitigate this bias. It is time to improve the quality, transparency, and accountability of the peer review system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Haffar
- Digestive Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Fateh Bazerbachi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - M Hassan Murad
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Moawad G, Tyan P, Rahman S. Double Standard or Double Blinded? An Argument for All Peer-Reviewed Scientific Journals. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019; 26:789-790. [PMID: 30885781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaby Moawad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC.
| | - Paul Tyan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sara Rahman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC
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O'Connor EE, Chen P, Weston B, Anderson R, Zeffiro T, Ahmed A, Zeffiro TA. Gender Trends in Academic Radiology Publication in the United States Revisited. Acad Radiol 2018; 25:1062-1069. [PMID: 29449143 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Although substantial increases in publications by female academic radiologists have appeared over the last several decades, it is possible that the rate of increase is decreasing. We examined temporal trends in gender composition for full-time radiology faculty, radiology residents, and medical students over a 46-year period. METHODS We examined authorship gender trends to determine if the increases in female authorship seen since 1970 have been sustained in recent years and whether female radiologists continue to publish in proportion to their numbers in academic departments. Original articles for selected years in Radiology and in the American Journal of Roentgenology between 1970 and 2016 were examined to determine the gender of first, corresponding, and last authors. Generalized linear models evaluated (1) changes in proportions of female authorship over time and (2) associations between proportions of female authorship and female radiology faculty representation. RESULTS While linear increases in first, corresponding, and senior authorships were observed for female radiologists from 1970 to 2000, the rate of increase in female first and corresponding authorships then changed, with the slope of the first author relationship decreasing from 0.81 to 0.34, corresponding to 47% fewer female first authors added per year. In contrast, the proportion of female last authorship continued to increase at the same rate. The proportion of female first authorship was linearly related to the proportion of female radiology faculty from 1970 to 2016. CONCLUSIONS Annual increases in first author academic productivity of female radiologists have lessened in the past 16 years, possibly related to reductions in the growth of female radiology faculty and trainees. As mixed, compared to homogeneous gender, authorship teams are associated with more citations, efforts to encourage more women to pursue careers in academic radiology could benefit the radiology research community.
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Ross JS. Glass Half Full. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:236. [PMID: 27908869 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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