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Mohidin SRNSP, Moshawih S, Hermansyah A, Asmuni MI, Shafqat N, Ming LC. Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz): A Systematic Review for the Pharmacological Activities, Traditional Uses, Nutritional Values, and Phytochemistry. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231206227. [PMID: 37822215 PMCID: PMC10571719 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is considered one of the essential tuber crops, serving as a dietary staple food for various populations. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the nutritional and therapeutic properties of cassava, which is an important dietary staple and traditional medicine. The review aims to evaluate and summarize the phytochemical components of cassava and their association with pharmacological activities, traditional uses, and nutritional importance in global food crises. To collect all relevant information, electronic databases; Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Preprint Platforms were searched for studies on cassava from inception until October 2022. A total of 1582 studies were screened, while only 34 were included in this review. The results of the review indicate that cassava has diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic effects, and wound healing properties. However, more studies that aim to isolate the phytochemicals in cassava extracts and evaluate their pharmacological property are necessary to further validate their medical and nutritional values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said Moshawih
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Ikmal Asmuni
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Naeem Shafqat
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
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Zhu F. Composition, structure, physicochemical properties, and modifications of cassava starch. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 122:456-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhang L, Zhou M, Fang G, Tang Y, Chen Z, Liu X. Hypocholesterolemic effect of capsaicinoids by increased bile acids excretion in ovariectomized rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1080-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Guoshan Fang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Yan Tang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Zongdao Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
| | - Xiong Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University; Chongqing P. R. China
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Chunxiao W, Yu Z, Wentao L, Jingjing L, Jiahui Y, Qingmei C. Impacts of the N-terminal fragment analog of human parathyroid hormone on structure, composition and biomechanics of bone. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 47:926-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lucas EA, Mahajan SS, Soung DY, Lightfoot SA, Smith BJ, Arjmandi BH. Flaxseed but Not Flaxseed Oil Prevented the Rise in Serum Cholesterol Due to Ovariectomy in the Golden Syrian Hamsters. J Med Food 2011; 14:261-7. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edralin A. Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Sachin S. Mahajan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Do Y. Soung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New England Musculoskeletal Institute, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stanley A. Lightfoot
- Department of Pathology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Brenda J. Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Bahram H. Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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The mechanism of the cholesterol-lowering effect of water-insoluble fish protein in ovariectomised rats. Br J Nutr 2009; 102:816-24. [PMID: 19335928 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114509316153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether water-insoluble fish protein (IFP) from Alaska pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) prevents hypercholesterolaemia induced by ovarian hormone deficiency. Wistar female rats, aged 6 months, were subjected to sham-operation or ovariectomy, and fed a cholesterol-free diet containing casein or IPF as a protein source for 28 d. Body-weight gain and food intake increased in the ovariectomised rats as compared with the sham-operated rats. Plasma total cholesterol concentration was decreased and faecal bile acid excretion was increased by IFP in the ovariectomised rats, but not in the sham-operated rats. Plasma homocysteine concentration was decreased by IFP in the ovariectomised rats, but not in the sham-operated rats. Liver lipids and liver cholesterol concentrations were increased and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity was decreased by ovariectomy, but not by diet. Bile acid content and the ratio of cholic acid groups to chenodeoxycholic acid groups in bile were increased by ovariectomy, but decreased by IFP. Bile acid content in the small intestine was increased by IFP in the ovariectomised rats, but not in the sham-operated rats. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and microsomal TAG transfer protein mRNA levels were decreased by ovariectomy and IFP, whereas LDL-receptor mRNA level was decreased by ovariectomy but unaffected by diet. Thus, the preventive effect of IFP on the ovarian hormone deficiency-associated increase in plasma cholesterol concentration seems to be mediated by accelerated faecal excretion of bile acids, coupled with an increase in the intestinal pool of bile acids.
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Hypolipidaemic effect of maize starch with different amylose content in ovariectomized rats depends on intake amount of resistant starch. Br J Nutr 2008; 101:328-39. [DOI: 10.1017/s000711450801221x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of amylose content on digestibility of starch in the small intestine and on the concentration of plasma lipid were studied in ileorectostomized rats and in ovariectomized rats, respectively. Seven kinds of starch with different amylose content (0, 27, 54, 62, 76, 79, 86 %) were used as test starch, which contained 0·4, 5·6, 37·1, 40·2, 45·6, 36·9 and 36·1 % resistant starch (RS), respectively. Rats were fed one of test diets containing 30 % test starch with different amylose content for 14 d in ileorectostomized and for 21 d in ovariectomized rats. Food intake was not significantly different among the groups. In ileorectostomized rats, the small intestinal starch digestibility decreased with increasing intakes of amylose and RS. In ovariectomized rats, body weight gain was lower on the higher amylose maize starch diets. The concentrations of plasma TAG and cholesterol decreased with increasing intake of RS. The concentrations of liver total lipids and TAG decreased with increasing intake of RS, but that of liver cholesterol did not. There was significant positive correlation between the level of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c mRNA and concentration of liver TAG. Total SCFA amount in the caecum increased logarithmically with increasing dry weight of caecal contents. The amount of bile acids in the small intestinal content and the excretions of bile acids and neutral steroids in faeces increased with increasing RS intake. These results show that starch rich in RS is more effective in preventing ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hyperlipidaemia.
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Liu X, Ogawa H, Ando R, Nakakuki T, Kishida T, Ebihara K. Heat-moisture treatment of high-amylose corn starch increases dietary fiber content and lowers plasma cholesterol in ovariectomized rats. J Food Sci 2008; 72:S652-8. [PMID: 18034750 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of dietary high-amylose corn starch (HACS) of varying dietary fiber (DF) content on plasma cholesterol was examined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Gelatinized normal corn starch (G-CS) was used as a reference. OVX rats were fed a fiber-free purified diet containing G-CS, HACS, gelatinized high-amylose corn starch (G-HACS), or heat-moisture treated HACS (HM-HACS) at 400 g starch/kg diet for 21 d. The DF content of G-CS, HACS, G-HACS, and HM-HACS measured by the AOAC method was 0.1, 19.3, 2.4, and 64.5 g/100 g, respectively. The dry weight of cecal contents, cecal wall weight, the amount of short chain fatty acids in cecal contents, the amount of bile acids in small intestinal contents, and fecal excretion of neutral sterols increased logarithmically with increasing DF, while total plasma cholesterol concentration decreased. On the other hand, hepatic CYP7A1 activity, fecal dry weight, and fecal excretion of bile acids increased linearly with increasing DF, while body weight gain decreased. The hypocholesterolemic effect of HACS in OVX-rats appeared to be more effective by heat-moisture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Dept. of Biological Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime Univ., Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
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Kanazawa T, Atsumi M, Mineo H, Fukushima M, Nishimura N, Noda T, Chiji H. Ingestion of Gelatinized Potato Starch Containing a High Level of Phosphorus Decreases Serum and Liver Lipids in Rats. J Oleo Sci 2008; 57:335-43. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.57.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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