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Liang X, He Y, Chen M, Ping Q, Chen J. The association of lecithin retinol acyltransferase and the 25(OH)D receptor with pediatric overweight and obesity. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 73:1626-1629. [PMID: 30967641 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0422-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine whether lecithin retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) as well as biomarkers of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D are related to indices of obesity in childhood. A total of 164 children (aged 6-12 years, female 49.39%), comprising 66 children in the overweight/obese group and 98 children in the lean group, were included. LRAT expression was remarkably lower in the overweight/obese group than in the lean group (P < 0.01). Compared with the lean group, the overweight/obese group had elevated VA (0.95 ± 0.25 vs. 0.83 ± 0.21 µmol/L, P < 0.01). Moreover, the levels of 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and its receptor were lower in overweight/obese subjects than in lean subjects (P = 0.06 and <0.05). LRAT was negatively correlated with body mass index and waist circumference (R = -0.27, P < 0.01, and R = -0.18, P < 0.05, respectively) and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein (R = 0.18, P < 0.05). VA metabolism may be disordered in obese children, although children with obesity have higher VA levels than lean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liang
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yun He
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Qu Ping
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Paediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
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Takitani K, Kishi K, Miyazaki H, Koh M, Tamaki H, Inoue A, Tamai H. Altered Expression of Retinol Metabolism-Related Genes in an ANIT-Induced Cholestasis Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113337. [PMID: 30373117 PMCID: PMC6274878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is defined as a reduction of bile secretion caused by a dysfunction of bile formation. Insufficient bile secretion into the intestine undermines the formation of micelles, which may result in the reduced absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. Here, we investigated the retinol homeostasis and the alterations of retinol metabolism-related genes, including β-carotene 15,15′ monooxygenase (BCMO), lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1), and retinoic acid receptors (RAR) β, in a α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis rat model. Moreover, we examined the expression of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) target genes. Our results showed that plasma retinol levels were decreased in ANIT rats compared to control rats. On the contrary, hepatic retinol levels were not different between the two groups. The expression of FXR target genes in the liver and intestine of cholestasis model rats was repressed. The BCMO expression was decreased in the liver and increased in the intestine of ANIT rats compared to control rats. Finally, the hepatic expression of LRAT, RARβ, and ALDH1A1 in cholestatic rats was decreased compared to the control rats, while the CYP26A1 expression of the liver was not altered. The increased expression of intestinal BCMO in cholestasis model rats might compensate for decreased circulatory retinol levels. The BCMO expression might be regulated in a tissue-specific manner to maintain the homeostasis of retinol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitaka Takitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Kanta Kishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka 591-8025, Japan.
| | - Maki Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Tamaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
- Department of Medicine, Shinseikai Daiichi Hospital, Aichi 468-0031, Japan.
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Tamai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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Takitani K, Inoue K, Koh M, Miyazaki H, Inoue A, Kishi K, Tamai H. Altered retinol status and expression of retinol-related proteins in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic model rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015. [PMID: 26060349 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Advanced diabetes is associated with severe complications and impaired nutritional status. Here, we assessed the expression of retinol-associated proteins, including β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase (BCMO), lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1), and measured retinol levels in the plasma and liver of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic model rats. Compared to the levels in the control rats, retinol levels in the plasma and liver of STZ rats were decreased and increased, respectively. Hepatic expression of the LRAT gene in STZ rats was lower than that in the controls. In the liver of STZ rats, the expression of ALDH1A1, a retinal metabolizing enzyme was higher, whereas ALDH1A2 expression was lower than in the controls. Hepatic CYP26A1 expression in STZ rats was significantly higher than in the control rats. BCMO expression levels in the liver and intestine of STZ rats were much lower than those of the controls. Altered BCMO expression might affect retinol status. It is considered that the metabolic availability of retinol was lessened despite the accelerated catabolism of retinol; therefore, retinol mobilization may be unbalanced in the liver of rats in the type 1 diabetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitaka Takitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirakata City Hospital, 2-14-1 Kinyahonmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1013, Japan
| | - Maki Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasonecho, Kita-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka 591-8025, Japan
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kanta Kishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Takitani K, Inoue K, Koh M, Miyazaki H, Inoue A, Kishi K, Tamai H. Altered retinol status and expression of retinol-related proteins in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic model rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015; 56:195-200. [PMID: 26060349 PMCID: PMC4454085 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Advanced diabetes is associated with severe complications and impaired nutritional status. Here, we assessed the expression of retinol-associated proteins, including β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase (BCMO), lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1), and measured retinol levels in the plasma and liver of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic model rats. Compared to the levels in the control rats, retinol levels in the plasma and liver of STZ rats were decreased and increased, respectively. Hepatic expression of the LRAT gene in STZ rats was lower than that in the controls. In the liver of STZ rats, the expression of ALDH1A1, a retinal metabolizing enzyme was higher, whereas ALDH1A2 expression was lower than in the controls. Hepatic CYP26A1 expression in STZ rats was significantly higher than in the control rats. BCMO expression levels in the liver and intestine of STZ rats were much lower than those of the controls. Altered BCMO expression might affect retinol status. It is considered that the metabolic availability of retinol was lessened despite the accelerated catabolism of retinol; therefore, retinol mobilization may be unbalanced in the liver of rats in the type 1 diabetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitaka Takitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirakata City Hospital, 2-14-1 Kinyahonmachi, Hirakata-shi, Osaka 573-1013, Japan
| | - Maki Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, 1179-3 Nagasonecho, Kita-ku, Sakai-shi, Osaka 591-8025, Japan
| | - Akiko Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kanta Kishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamai
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Elias-Miró M, Massip-Salcedo M, Raila J, Schweigert F, Mendes-Braz M, Ramalho F, Jiménez-Castro MB, Casillas-Ramírez A, Bermudo R, Rimola A, Rodes J, Peralta C. Retinol binding protein 4 and retinol in steatotic and nonsteatotic rat livers in the setting of partial hepatectomy under ischemia/reperfusion. Liver Transpl 2012; 18:1198-208. [PMID: 22685091 DOI: 10.1002/lt.23489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Steatotic livers show increased hepatic damage and impaired regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH) under ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), which is commonly applied in clinical practice to reduce bleeding. The known function of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is to transport retinol in the circulation. We examined whether modulating RBP4 and/or retinol could protect steatotic and nonsteatotic livers in the setting of PH under I/R. Steatotic and nonsteatotic livers from Zucker rats were subjected to PH (70%) with 60 minutes of ischemia. RBP4 and retinol levels were measured and altered pharmacologically, and their effects on hepatic damage and regeneration were studied after reperfusion. Decreased RBP4 levels were observed in both liver types, whereas retinol levels were reduced only in steatotic livers. RBP4 administration exacerbated the negative consequences of liver surgery with respect to damage and liver regeneration in both liver types. RBP4 affected the mobilization of retinol from steatotic livers, and this revealed actions of RBP4 independent of simple retinol transport. The injurious effects of RBP4 were not due to changes in retinol levels. Treatment with retinol was effective only for steatotic livers. Indeed, retinol increased hepatic injury and impaired liver regeneration in nonsteatotic livers. In steatotic livers, retinol reduced damage and improved regeneration after surgery. These benefits of retinol were associated with a reduced accumulation of hepatocellular fat. Thus, strategies based on modulating RBP4 could be ineffective and possibly even harmful in both liver types in the setting of PH under I/R. In terms of clinical applications, a retinol pretreatment might open new avenues for liver surgery that specifically benefit the steatotic liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elias-Miró
- August Pi i Sunyer Institute for Biomedical Research, Barcelona, Spain
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Leclerc D, Cao Y, Deng L, Mikael LG, Wu Q, Rozen R. Differential gene expression and methylation in the retinoid/PPARA pathway and of tumor suppressors may modify intestinal tumorigenesis induced by low folate in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 57:686-97. [PMID: 23001810 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Inadequate folate intake increases risk for colorectal cancer. We previously showed that low-folate diets induced intestinal tumors in BALB/c mice, but not in C57BL/6 mice. We suggested that DNA damage, altered methylation, and reduced apoptosis could contribute to tumorigenesis in this model. METHODS AND RESULTS To identify genes involved in tumorigenesis, we compared gene expression profiles in preneoplastic intestine of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice-fed low folate. We identified 74 upregulated and 90 downregulated genes in BALB/c compared to C57BL/6 mice. We validated decreased expression of Bcmo1 and increased expression of Aldh1a, which would be expected to upregulate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) pathway, and confirmed the expected upregulation of several Ppara downstream genes. We verified, in BALB/c mice, reduced expression of Sprr2a, a gene that increases resistance to oxidative damage, and of two oncosuppressors (Bmp5 and Arntl). Low folate increased Ppara and Aldh1a1 expression, and decreased Bcmo1, Sprr2a, and Bmp5 expression in BALB/c, compared to BALB/c on control diets. Bcmo1, Ppara, and Bmp5 showed differential DNA methylation related to strain, diet, and/or Mthfr genotype. CONCLUSION Disturbed regulation of the retinoid/PPARA pathway, which influences oxidative damage, and altered expression of tumor suppressors may contribute to intestinal tumorigenesis induced by low-folate intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leclerc
- Department of Human Genetics, Montreal Children's Hospital Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Osuala K, Baker CN, Nguyen HL, Martinez C, Weinshenker D, Ebert SN. Physiological and genomic consequences of adrenergic deficiency during embryonic/fetal development in mice: impact on retinoic acid metabolism. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:934-47. [PMID: 22911456 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00180.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic hormones are essential for early heart development. To gain insight into understanding how these hormones influence heart development, we evaluated genomic expression changes in embryonic hearts from adrenergic-deficient and wild-type control mice. To perform this study, we used a mouse model with targeted disruption of the Dopamine β-hydroxylase (Dbh) gene, whose product is responsible for enzymatic conversion of dopamine into norepinephrine. Embryos homozygous for the null allele (Dbh(-/-)) die from heart failure beginning as early as embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5). To assess underlying causes of heart failure, we isolated hearts from Dbh(-/-) and Dbh(+/+) embryos prior to manifestation of the phenotype and examined gene expression changes using genomic Affymetrix 430A 2.0 arrays, which enabled simultaneous evaluation of >22,000 genes. We found that only 22 expressed genes showed a significant twofold or greater change, representing ~0.1% of the total genes analyzed. More than half of these genes are associated with either metabolism (31%) or signal transduction (22%). Remarkably, several of the altered genes encode for proteins that are directly involved in retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis and transport. Subsequent evaluation showed that RA concentrations were significantly elevated by an average of ~3-fold in adrenergic-deficient (Dbh(-/-)) embryos compared with controls, thereby suggesting that RA may be an important downstream mediator of adrenergic action during embryonic heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley Osuala
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA.
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Wassef L, Shete V, Hong A, Spiegler E, Quadro L. β-Carotene supplementation decreases placental transcription of LDL receptor-related protein 1 in wild-type mice and stimulates placental β-carotene uptake in marginally vitamin A-deficient mice. J Nutr 2012; 142:1456-62. [PMID: 22739378 PMCID: PMC3397336 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.162677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The human diet contains β-carotene as the most abundant precursor of vitamin A, an essential nutrient for embryogenesis. Our laboratory previously showed the importance of β-carotene metabolism via β-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase (CMOI) to support mouse embryonic development. However, the mechanisms regulating embryonic acquisition and utilization of β-carotene from the maternal circulation via placenta remain unknown. We used wild-type (WT) and Lrat(-/-)Rbp(-/-) (L(-/-)R(-/-)) mice, the latter being a model of marginal vitamin A deficiency. Pregnant dams, fed a nonpurified diet sufficient in vitamin A throughout life, were i.p. supplemented with β-carotene or vehicle at 13.5 d postcoitum (dpc). Effects of this acute maternal supplementation on retinoid and β-carotene metabolism in maternal (serum, liver) and developing tissues (placenta, yolk sac, embryo) were investigated at 14.5 dpc. We showed that, upon supplementation, placental β-carotene concentrations were greater in L(-/-)R(-/-) than in WT mice. However, the retinoid (retinol and retinyl ester) concentrations remained unchanged in placenta (and in all other tissues analyzed) of both genotypes upon β-carotene administration. We also showed that upon a single i.p. β-carotene supplementation, placental LDL receptor-related protein (Lrp1) mRNA expression was lower in WT mice, and embryonic CmoI mRNA expression was greater in L(-/-)R(-/-) mice. Together, these data suggest a potential role of LRP1 in mediating the uptake of β-carotene across the placenta and that even a marginally impaired maternal vitamin A status may influence uptake and utilization of β-carotene by the placenta and the embryo.
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