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Bellerba F, Serrano D, Johansson H, Pozzi C, Segata N, NabiNejad A, Piperni E, Gnagnarella P, Macis D, Aristarco V, Accornero CA, Manghi P, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Biffi R, Bottiglieri L, Trovato C, Zampino MG, Corso F, Bellocco R, Raimondi S, Rescigno M, Gandini S. Colorectal cancer, Vitamin D and microbiota: A double-blind Phase II randomized trial (ColoViD) in colorectal cancer patients. Neoplasia 2022; 34:100842. [PMID: 36279751 PMCID: PMC9594107 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies suggest a role of gut microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression. Vitamin D (vitD) blood levels are also inversely correlated with CRC risk and prognosis. However, these factors' interplay remains unknown. METHODS 74 CRC patients after standard treatment were randomized to 1-year 2000 IU/day vitD or placebo. Baseline and post-treatment fecal microbiota for shotgun metagenomics sequencing was collected. Coda-lasso and Principal Component Analysis were used to select and summarize treatment-associated taxa and pathways. Associations between vitD and taxa/pathways were investigated with logistic regression. Mediation analysis was performed to study if treatment-associated taxa mediated the effect of supplementation on 25(OH)D levels. Cox proportional-hazards model was used for disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS 60 patients were analyzed. Change in alpha diversity (Shannon: p = 0.77; Simpson: p = 0.63) and post-treatment beta diversity (p = 0.70) were comparable between arms. Post-treatment abundances of 63 taxa and 32 pathways differed between arms. The 63 taxa also mediated the effect of supplementation on 25(OH)D (p = 0.02). There were sex differences in vitD levels, microbiota and pathways. Pathways of essential amino acids' biosynthesis were more abundant in supplemented women. Fusobacterium nucleatum presence at baseline was associated with worse DFS (p = 0.02). Those achieving vitD sufficiency (25(OH)D≥30 ng/ml) had lower post-treatment abundances (p = 0.05). Women were more likely to have F. nucleatum post-treatment (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS VitD supplementation may contribute shaping the gut microbiota and the microbiota may partially mediate the effect of supplementation on 25(OH)D. The observed sex-specific differences highlight the necessity of including sex/gender as a variable in microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bellerba
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Serrano
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Harriet Johansson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Amir NabiNejad
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Piperni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gnagnarella
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Debora Macis
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Aristarco
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara A Accornero
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manghi
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Biffi
- Unit of Surgery of Peritoneal tumors, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Bottiglieri
- Division of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Trovato
- Division of Endoscopy, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Zampino
- Division of Medical Oncology Gastrointestinal and Neuroendocrine tumors, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Corso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Mathematics (DMAT), Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy; Centre for Health Data Science (CHDS), Human Techonopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Rino Bellocco
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Raimondi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Noreldeen HAA, Huang KY, Wu GW, Peng HP, Deng HH, Chen W. Deep Learning-Based Sensor Array: 3D Fluorescence Spectra of Gold Nanoclusters for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Vitamin B 6 Derivatives. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9287-9296. [PMID: 35723526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 derivatives (VB6Ds) are of great importance for all living organisms to complete their physiological processes. However, their excess in the body can cause serious problems. What is more, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of different VB6Ds may present significant challenges due to the high similarity of their chemical structures. Also, the transfer of deep learning model from one task to a similar task needs to be present more in the fluorescence-based biosensor. Therefore, to address these problems, two deep learning models based on the intrinsic fingerprint of 3D fluorescence spectra have been developed to identify five VB6Ds. The accuracy ranges of a deep neural network (DNN) and a convolutional neural network (CNN) were 94.44-97.77% and 97.77-100%, respectively. After that, the developed models were transferred for quantitative analysis of the selected VB6Ds at a broad concentration range (1-100 μM). The determination coefficient (R2) values of the test set for DNN and CNN were 93.28 and 97.01%, respectively, which also represents the outperformance of CNN over DNN. Therefore, our approach opens new avenues for qualitative and quantitative sensing of small molecules, which will enrich fields related to deep learning, analytical chemistry, and especially sensor array chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada A A Noreldeen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.,National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 4262110, Egypt
| | - Kai-Yuan Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Gang-Wei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Hua-Ping Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Hao-Hua Deng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
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Caffaratti C, Plazy C, Mery G, Tidjani AR, Fiorini F, Thiroux S, Toussaint B, Hannani D, Le Gouellec A. What We Know So Far about the Metabolite-Mediated Microbiota-Intestinal Immunity Dialogue and How to Hear the Sound of This Crosstalk. Metabolites 2021; 11:406. [PMID: 34205653 PMCID: PMC8234899 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microorganisms, termed the "microbiota", reside in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, and collectively participate in regulating the host phenotype. It is now clear that the gut microbiota, metabolites, and intestinal immune function are correlated, and that alterations of the complex and dynamic host-microbiota interactions can have deep consequences for host health. However, the mechanisms by which the immune system regulates the microbiota and by which the microbiota shapes host immunity are still not fully understood. This article discusses the contribution of metabolites in the crosstalk between gut microbiota and immune cells. The identification of key metabolites having a causal effect on immune responses and of the mechanisms involved can contribute to a deeper insight into host-microorganism relationships. This will allow a better understanding of the correlation between dysbiosis, microbial-based dysmetabolism, and pathogenesis, thus creating opportunities to develop microbiota-based therapeutics to improve human health. In particular, we systematically review the role of soluble and membrane-bound microbial metabolites in modulating host immunity in the gut, and of immune cells-derived metabolites affecting the microbiota, while discussing evidence of the bidirectional impact of this crosstalk. Furthermore, we discuss the potential strategies to hear the sound of such metabolite-mediated crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Caffaratti
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Caroline Plazy
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Toxicologie Environnementale, UM Biochimie des Enzymes et des Protéines, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Geoffroy Mery
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Department of Infectiology-Pneumology, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Abdoul-Razak Tidjani
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Federica Fiorini
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Sarah Thiroux
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Bertrand Toussaint
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Toxicologie Environnementale, UM Biochimie des Enzymes et des Protéines, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Dalil Hannani
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
| | - Audrey Le Gouellec
- Faculty of Medicine, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, TIMC (UMR5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (C.C.); (C.P.); (G.M.); (A.-R.T.); (S.T.); (B.T.)
- Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire Toxicologie Environnementale, UM Biochimie des Enzymes et des Protéines, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Plateforme de Métabolomique GEMELI-GExiM, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
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Raghunath K, Sumathi C, Rajappa SJ, Mohan MVTK, Kumar U, Shaik U, Botlagunta M. Impact of naturopathy, yoga, and dietary interventions as adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of stage II and III adenocarcinoma of the colon. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:2309-2322. [PMID: 32852611 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Naturopathy, Yoga and Dietary interventions are known to improve the quality of life in cancer patients. We aim to evaluate the effect of naturopathy interventions along with adjuvant chemotherapy in patients who underwent surgery for Adenocarcinoma of the Colon. METHODS A total of 116 adult patients were randomised in to one of the two groups; the experimental group received naturopathy, Yoga and Dietary interventions and the control group received psycho-social counselling in addition to standard chemotherapy. Haematological, biochemical and psychological evaluations were performed at set intervals during a total period of eighteen months starting from the first cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS Results showed that the overall hemoglobin (p < 0.0001) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (p = 0.0038) levels were statistically significant in patients on the experimental arm. The rest of the laboratory parameters, viz. total leukocyte count, platelet counts, and serum creatinine levels, for overall data was not statistically significant in both the groups. Psychological attributes such as anxiety, depression, symptom severity, and Functional Living Index: Cancer (FLIC) were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001) in the experimental subjects as compared with those in the control. On the whole, men benefited more than women from the study interventions. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that Yoga and Naturopathy interventions in addition to chemotherapy show improvement in overall functional life index along with improvement in haemoglobin in patients with stages II and III Adenocarcinoma of Colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Raghunath
- Department of Academics, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Ch Sumathi
- Department of Naturopathy and Yoga - Addlife, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Senthil J Rajappa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M V T Krishna Mohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Uday Kumar
- Department of Naturopathy and Yoga - Addlife, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ummar Shaik
- Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Kerala, Affiliated to Cochin University, Cochin, India
| | - Mahendran Botlagunta
- Department of Indo American Cancer Research Foundation, Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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A comprehensive mechanistic review insight into the effects of micronutrients on toll-like receptors functions. Pharmacol Res 2019; 152:104619. [PMID: 31887355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the special proteins receptors for recognition of molecules related to the pathogens. In this way, TLRs and secreted cytokines as a result of TLRs activation are involved in the inflammation pathways. So far, in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that micronutrients (vitamins & minerals) with a broad range of effects on body health, can regulate TLRs signaling pathways. Current review aimed at determining the possible mechanisms of micronutrient effects on TLRs functions. In the aspect of gene expression, micronutrients have inconsistent effects on mRNA level of TLRs which are dependent on time, dose and type of studied TLR. Also, some micronutrients affect gene expression of TLRs signaling mediators namely TLRs adaptors like Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88). In the aspect of TLRs signaling pathways, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is an important mediator which is regulated by micronutrients. Also, the regulatory effects of micronutrients on phosphorylation reactions may be effective in the activation/inactivation of TLRs signaling mediators. In addition, zinc can regulate TLRs signaling indirectly via the zinc finger proteins which have contradictory effects on TLRs cascade. In conclusion, the relationship between micronutrients and TLRs signaling is complicated and depends on some known internal, external and genetic factors like form of studied micronutrient, cell type, TLR agonist, dose and time of exposure, inflammation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and environmental factors. Some unknown factors may be effective in TLRs response and as a result additional mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate exact effect of micronutrients on TLRs signaling.
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Yang Y, Takahara K, Kumrungsee T, Kimoto A, Shimamoto F, Kato N. Consumption of Low-Dose of Ethanol Suppresses Colon Tumorigenesis in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Treated Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2019; 65:443-450. [PMID: 31666482 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.65.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of low-dose of ethanol consumption on the development of colon cancer is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose ethanol (0.5%, 1%, and 2% [v/v] ethanol in drinking water) for 28 wk on colon tumor incidence in rats injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. Body weight, fluid and food consumption, and the total numbers of colon adenomas (mild-, moderate-, and severe-grade dysplasia) per rat were unaffected by ethanol consumption. However, the numbers of severe-grade dysplasia were significantly reduced by 1% ethanol compared with the control (0% ethanol; -93%) but not by 0.5% and 2% ethanol. Although the numbers of total adenocarcinomas were unaffected, those of total of adenomas and adenocarcinomas together were significantly reduced by 0.5% and 1% ethanol (-39% and -41%, respectively). Intriguingly, real-time PCR assay indicated the abundance of cecal Clostridium leptum (a putative immunosuppressor) was the least in rats received 1% ethanol. Furthermore, 1% ethanol markedly increased colonic mRNA of IL-6, a putative suppressor of regulatory T-cells and cytoprotector. This study provides the first evidence for the potential of 1% ethanol, but not 2% ethanol, to prevent colon tumorigenesis in rats, supporting the J-curve hypothesis of the effect of low-dose alcohol on health. Further, the modulation of C. leptum and expression of IL-6, potentially linking to carcinogenesis, by 1% ethanol may provide an insight into the underlying mechanisms of the anti-colon tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshou Yang
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
| | - Kan Takahara
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
| | | | - Akiko Kimoto
- Faculty of Human Ecology, Yasuda Women's University
| | | | - Norihisa Kato
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University
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