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Nuamah E, Okon UM, Jeong E, Mun Y, Cheon I, Chae B, Odoi FNA, Kim DW, Choi NJ. Unlocking Phytate with Phytase: A Meta-Analytic View of Meat-Type Chicken Muscle Growth and Bone Mineralization Potential. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2090. [PMID: 39061552 PMCID: PMC11274156 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of exogenous phytase in P- and Ca-deficient diets of broilers to address the growing concern about excessive P excretion into the environment over the years has been remarkably documented. However, responses among these studies have been inconsistent because of the several factors affecting P utilization. For this reason, a systematic review with a meta-analysis of results from forty-one studies published from 2000 to February 2024 was evaluated to achieve the following: (1) quantitatively summarize the size of phytase effect on growth performance, bone strength and mineralization in broilers fed diets deficient in P and Ca and (2) estimate and explore the heterogeneity in the effect size of outcomes using subgroup and meta-regression analyses. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's SYRCLE risk of bias checklists for animal studies. Applying the random effects models, Hedges' g effect size of supplemented phytase was calculated using the R software (version 4.3.3, Angel Food Cake) to determine the standardized mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to further explore the effect size heterogeneity (PSMD ≤ 0.05, I2 > 50%, n ≥ 10). The meta-analysis showed that supplemental phytase increases ADFI and BWG and improves FCR at each time point of growth (p < 0.0001). Additionally, phytase supplementation consistently increased tibia ash, P and Ca, and bone strength (p < 0.0001) of broilers fed P- and Ca-deficient diets. The results of the subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that the age and strain of broiler, dietary P source, and the duration of phytase exposure significantly influence the effect size of phytase on growth and bone parameters. In conclusion, phytase can attenuate the effect of reducing dietary-available phosphorus and calcium and improve ADFI, BWG, and FCR, especially when added to starter diets. It further enhances bone ash, bone mineralization, and the bone-breaking strength of broilers, even though the effects of bone ash and strength can be maximized in the starter phase of growth. However, the effect sizes of phytase were related to the age and strain of the broiler, dietary P source, and the duration of phytase exposure rather than the dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nuamah
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (Y.M.); (I.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Utibe Mfon Okon
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin 532111, Nigeria;
| | - Eungyeong Jeong
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (Y.M.); (I.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Yejin Mun
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (Y.M.); (I.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Inhyeok Cheon
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (Y.M.); (I.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Byungho Chae
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (Y.M.); (I.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Frederick Nii Ako Odoi
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast CC 3321, Ghana;
| | - Dong-wook Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea;
| | - Nag-Jin Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (Y.M.); (I.C.); (B.C.)
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Filippovich SY, Isakova EP, Gessler NN, Deryabina YI. Advances in immobilization of phytases and their application. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 379:129030. [PMID: 37037335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The review describes the advances in the phytase immobilization for the past decade and their biotechnological applications. Different approaches for phytase immobilization are described including the process using organic and inorganic matrices and microbial cells, as well as nanostructures of various nature. Moreover, the immobilization of phytase-producing microbial cells and the use of cross-linked phytase aggregates have been under consideration. A detailed classification of various carriers for immobilization of phytases and the possibility of their applications are presented. A particular attention is drawn to a breakthrough approach of biotechnological significance to the design of microencapsulation of bacterial phytase from Obesumbacterium proteus in the recombinant extremophile of Yarrowia lipolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Yu Filippovich
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Elena P Isakova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Natalia N Gessler
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Yulia I Deryabina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
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Production of Amylase by Aspergillus subflavus and Aspergillus fumigatus from flamevine flower (Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawl.) Miers): A Tropical Plant in Bedugul Botanical Garden, Bali, Indonesia. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrostegia venusta is known as an ornamental plant with its source of antioxidants, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-HIV compounds. Ephypitic molds are potentially co-existed on the surface of this flower since it contains essential nutrients which support their growth. On the other hand, molds produce several enzymes that might involve flower growth. The presence of ephypitic molds on this flower provides information about its ability to produce amylase. This study successfully isolated molds from August flower (P. venusta) originating from Taman Nasional Bedugul, Bali, Indonesia. The study aimed to isolate potential amylase producer strains and optimize the enzyme production using Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) method. Ten mold isolates belonging to Universitas Negeri Jakarta Culture Collection (UNJCC) were selected according to their amylolytic index (IA) values, morphological identification, and colony count number. Selected strains were optimized for its growth to produce amylase using the SSF method under different temperatures (30, 40, 50°C) and pH (6, 7, 8) with a wheat brain fermentation medium. Results showed that UNJCC F100 (6.53 × 108 CFU/ml) and UNJCC F106 (9.83 x 108 CFU/ml) are the two isolates with the highest IA values of 1.34 ± 0.1 and 1.08 ± 0.12 among all isolates. Based on molecular identification using ITS region, UNJCC F100 and UNJCC F106 were identified as A. subflavus (97% homology) and A. fumigatus (99.52% homology), respectively. This study exhibited that both isolate UNJCC F100 and isolate UNJCC F106 have optimal amylase production conditions at 30°C and pH 6. The enzyme produced was 19.99 U/ml at 30°C and 34.33 U/ml at pH 6 for isolate UNJCC F100, and for isolate UNJCC F106 is 28.55±3.80 U/ml. The two isolates are potentially used for amylase production, referring to the specific environmental condition. However, to generate a higher amount with amylase activity, other external variables such as medium used, inoculum concentration, and fermentation method are important to consider further for a larger application.
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Characterisation of a soil MINPP phytase with remarkable long-term stability and activity from Acinetobacter sp. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272015. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic analysis, homology modelling and biochemical methods have been employed to characterize a phytase from a Gram-negative soil bacterium. Acinetobacter sp. AC1-2 phytase belongs to clade 2 of the histidine (acid) phytases, to the Multiple Inositol Polyphosphate Phosphatase (MINPP) subclass. The enzyme was extraordinarily stable in solution both at room temperature and 4°C, retaining near 100% activity over 755 days. It showed a broad pH activity profile from 2–8.5 with maxima at 3, 4.5–5 and 6. The enzyme showed Michaelis-Menten kinetics and substrate inhibition (Vmax, Km, and Ki, 228 U/mg, 0.65 mM and 2.23 mM, respectively). Homology modelling using the crystal structure of a homologous MINPP from a human gut commensal bacterium indicated the presence of a potentially stabilising polypeptide loop (a U-loop) straddling the active site. By employ of the enantiospecificity of Arabidopsis inositol tris/tetrakisphosphate kinase 1 for inositol pentakisphosphates, we show AC1-2 MINPP to possess D6-phytase activity, which allowed modelling of active site specificity pockets for InsP6 substrate. While phytase gene transcription was unaltered in rich media, it was repressed in minimal media with phytic acid and orthophosphate as phosphate sources. The results of this study reveal AC1-2 MINPP to possess desirable attributes relevant to biotechnological use.
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Patel DK, Patel K, Patel D, Dave G. Engineering of thermostable phytase-xylanase for hydrolysis of complex biopolymers. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:390. [PMID: 34458060 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial processing of enzymes requires higher heating that affects the thermal stability of the enzyme and increases the production cost. In this study, xylanase-phytase (XP) fusion protein was generated via co-expression in a single vector with a cold-shock promoter, leading to improved activity at optimal pH, temperature and the thermal behaviour of the protein. Xylanase-phytase (XP) fusion and phytase proteins were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The XP fusion was thermally stable up to 124 °C, higher than phytase which was steady up to 113.5 °C. XP fusion exhibits higher stability at its thermal transition midpoint (T m) 108 °C, higher than the T m value of phytase which is 90 °C. Industrially efficient and environment-friendly proteins with low production cost and higher stability can be generated by 'fusion protein' technology. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02936-z.
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Kusale SP, Attar YC, Sayyed RZ, Malek RA, Ilyas N, Suriani NL, Khan N, El Enshasy HA. Production of Plant Beneficial and Antioxidants Metabolites by Klebsiellavariicola under Salinity Stress. Molecules 2021; 26:1894. [PMID: 33810565 PMCID: PMC8037558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria that surround plant roots and exert beneficial effects on plant growth are known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). In addition to the plant growth-promotion, PGPR also imparts resistance against salinity and oxidative stress and needs to be studied. Such PGPR can function as dynamic bioinoculants under salinity conditions. The present study reports the isolation of phytase positive multifarious Klebsiella variicola SURYA6 isolated from wheat rhizosphere in Kolhapur, India. The isolate produced various plant growth-promoting (PGP), salinity ameliorating, and antioxidant traits. It produced organic acid, yielded a higher phosphorous solubilization index (9.3), maximum phytase activity (376.67 ± 2.77 U/mL), and copious amounts of siderophore (79.0%). The isolate also produced salt ameliorating traits such as indole acetic acid (78.45 ± 1.9 µg/mL), 1 aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (0.991 M/mg/h), and exopolysaccharides (32.2 ± 1.2 g/L). In addition to these, the isolate also produced higher activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (13.86 IU/mg protein), catalase (0.053 IU/mg protein), and glutathione oxidase (22.12 µg/mg protein) at various salt levels. The isolate exhibited optimum growth and maximum secretion of these metabolites during the log-phase growth. It exhibited sensitivity to a wide range of antibiotics and did not produce hemolysis on blood agar, indicative of its non-pathogenic nature. The potential of K. variicola to produce copious amounts of various PGP, salt ameliorating, and antioxidant metabolites make it a potential bioinoculant for salinity stress management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya P. Kusale
- Department of Microbiology, Rajaram College, Kolhapur 416004, India;
| | - Yasmin C. Attar
- Department of Microbiology, Rajaram College, Kolhapur 416004, India;
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, P.S.G.V.P. Mandal’s, Arts, Science, and Commerce College, Shahada 425409, India;
| | - Roslinda A. Malek
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia;
| | - Noshin Ilyas
- Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan;
| | - Ni Luh Suriani
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Udayana University, Bali 80361, Indonesia;
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Hesham A. El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai 81310, Malaysia;
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
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Sukmawati D, Shabrina A, Indrayanti R, Kurniati TH, Nurjayadi M, Hidayat I, Al Husna SN, Ratnaningtyas NI, El Enshasy H, Dailin DJ, Hesham AEL. Antifungal Mechanism of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Aureobasidium sp. nov. Isolated from Cerbera manghas L. against the Growth of Destructive Molds in Post Harvested Apples. Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric 2020; 11:219-228. [PMID: 32324527 DOI: 10.2174/2212798411666200423101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apples often experience postharvest damage due to being attacked by mold organisms. Several groups of molds such as Aspergillus sp., Penicilium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Venturia sp. can cause a serious postharvest disease exhibited as watery regions where areas of blue-green tufts of spores develop. Current methods using fungicides to control pathogenic fungi can cause resistance if applied in the long term. An alternative procedure using yeast as a biological agent has been found. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to screen potential yeast, which has the ability to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus brasielensis (isolate A1) and Aspergillus flavus section flavi (isolate A17) isolated from apple fruits. METHODS Antagonism test using YMA dual culture medium using in vitro assays and ITS rDNA identification were performed. RESULTS The result showed that 3 out of 19 yeast isolated from Cerbera manghas L, T1, T3 and T4, demonstrated the potential ability as a biocontrol agent. ITS rDNA identification demonstrated that T1 has a similarity to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa while T3 and T4 were identified as Aureobasidium sp. nov. The 3 isolates exhibited the ability to reduce the growth of A. brasiliensis sensu lato better than dithane 0.3% with a Disease Incidence (DI) of 100% and a Disease Severity (DS) value of 45%. Only isolate T1 and T3 were able to reduce decay symptoms in apples inoculated with A. flavus sensu lato (with DO and DS were 100% and 25%, respectively) compared to dithane pesticides 0.3%. CONCLUSION This study indicated that competition between nutrients occurs between pathogenic molds and under-yeast in vitro and in vivo conditions. However, further studies in the future might be able to elucidate the 'killer' activity and interaction with the pathogen cells and the bio-product production using Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Aureoubasidium namibiae strains to control postharvest diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Sukmawati
- Biology Department, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andisa Shabrina
- Biology Department, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Reni Indrayanti
- Biology Department, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Handayani Kurniati
- Biology Department, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muktiningsih Nurjayadi
- Education of Chemistry Department, 8th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Iman Hidayat
- Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences-LIPI Jl, Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Shabrina Nida Al Husna
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
- Biology Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Jl. Dr. Suparno 63, Grendeng, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, 53122, Indonesia
| | - Hesham El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81130 UTM, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Daniel Joe Dailin
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81130 UTM, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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