Hydrocortisone and lysosomal enzymes in tourniquet shock

Cellular senescence as a possible link between prostate diseases of the ageing male

Senescent cells accumulate with age in all tissues. Although senescent cells undergo cell-cycle arrest, these cells remain metabolically active and their secretome - known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype - is responsible for a systemic pro-inflammatory state, which contributes to an inflammatory microenvironment. Senescent cells can be found in the ageing prostate and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and can be linked to BPH and prostate cancer. Indeed, a number of signalling pathways provide biological plausibility for the role of senescence in both BPH and prostate cancer, although proving causality is difficult. The theory of senescence as a mechanism for prostate disease has a number of clinical implications and could offer opportunities for targeting in the future.

Effect of glucocorticoids on release of lysosomal enzymes in liver ischemia and hemorrhagic shock in pigs

The effect of glucocorticoids on the release of lysosomal enzymes was studied in liver ischemia created by dearterialization and in hemorrhagic shock in pigs. In shock the treatment with glucocoticoids suppressed the release of beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase into the circulation. The release of S-GOT was also suppressed in the treated group. However, a contrary effect was observed in liver ischemia indicating that glucocorticoids might even be harmful to the dearterialized hypoxic liver. Provided the plasma increase of acid hydrolases can be interpreted as quantitative signs of cell damage, the findings indicate that glucocorticoids may be of benefit in shock but not after hepatic dearterialization.