Synthesis of New Derivatives of Pyridazino[6,1-c]Pyrimido[5,4-e][1,2,4]Triazine; a Novel Heterocyclic System

Utility of sulfachloropyridazine in the synthesis of novel anticancer agents as antiangiogenic and apoptotic inducers

In a search for new anticancer agents with better activity and selectivity, the present work described the synthesis of several new series of sulfachloropyridazine hybrids with thiocarbamates 3a-e, thioureids 4a-h, 5a-e and 4-substituted sulfachloropyridazines 6a, b, 7a, b and 8. The synthesized compounds were screened in vitro against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines in one dose assay. The most potent derivatives 3a, 3c, 4c, 4d, 5e, 7a and 7b were tested for their antiangiogenic activity by measuring their ability to inhibit VEGFR-2. The most potent compounds in VEGFR-2 inhibitory assay were further evaluated for their ability to inhibit PDGFR. In addition, the ability of 4c compound to inhibit cell migration on HUVEC cells and cell cycle effect on UO-31 cells has been studied. The pro-apoptotic effect of compound 4c was studied by the evaluation of caspase-3, Bax and BCl-2. Alternatively, the IC50 of compounds 3a, 3c, 4c, 5e, 7a and 7b against certain human cancer cell lines were determined. Re-evaluation in combination with γ-radiation was carried out for compounds 4c, 5e and 7b to study the possible synergistic effect on cytotoxicity. Docking studies of the most active compounds were performed to give insights into the binding mode within VEGFR-2 active site.

Synthesis, Characterisation, and in Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of a New Class of 2-substituted-4-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-pyrimido[4,5-d]thiazolo[3,2-a] Pyrimidines

The reaction of 2,4-dichloro-5-(chloromethyl)-6-methylpyrimidine with 4,5-dihydrothiazol-2-amine in chloroform led to the formation of 2-chloro-4-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-pyrimido[4,5-d]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine (3). The true structure of the target compound was confirmed by density functional theory calculations of condensed Fukui indices. The substitution of the 2-Cl function in compound 3 with different secondary amines yielded 2-substituted-4-methyl-7,8-dihydro-5H-pyrimido[4,5-d]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines in good yields. The assigned products were tested for their potential antibacterial activity and the results indicated that a few derivatives are valuable compounds with great potential to be used as antibacterial agents.

Synthesis and Density Functional Theory Study of [1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5-d][1,2,4] Triazolo[4,3-a]Pyrimidine Derivatives: A Novel Heterocyclic System

Several 3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine derivatives of a novel ring system have been synthesised. The initial substitution of the 4-Cl function of 2,4-dichloro-6-methylpyrimidin-5-amine with benzylamine followed by treatment with sodium nitrite generated 3-benzyl-5-chloro-7-methyl-3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine. Nucleophilic substitution of the 5-Cl moiety of the latter compound with hydrazine hydrate and subsequent treatment with carbon disulfide in boiling pyridine gave, quantitatively, the corresponding [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidine derivatives. Density functional theory (DFT) studies were also performed to reveal regioselectivity of the ring closure via Gauge-Independent Atomic Orbital (GIAO) 1H NMR calculations. The WP04 method was used as the DFT code to yield accurate chemical shift values. Theoretical results correlated well with the expected regioisomer and aided assignment of the final structure.