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Khairallah M, Mahendradas P, Curi A, Khochtali S, Cunningham ET. Emerging Viral Infections Causing Anterior Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019; 27:219-228. [PMID: 30794475 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2018.1562080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the systemic and ocular manifestations of specific emergent viral infectious diseases relevant to the ophthalmologist with particular emphasis on anterior uveitis Methods: Review of literature. RESULTS Arboviral diseases are among the most important emergent and resurgent human infections, occurring mostly in tropical and subtropical zones, but appearing in virtually all regions of the world as a result of climate change, travel, and globalization. Arboviral infections are transmitted to humans by the bite of hematophagous arthropods, mainly mosquitoes. Systemic disease may range from asymptomatic to life-threatening. A wide variety of ocular manifestations, including uveitis, has been reported in association with these emerging viral diseases. Numerous viruses other than arboviruses also have been recently recognized as a potential cause of uveitis. CONCLUSIONS Proper clinical diagnosis of any emerging infectious disease is based on epidemiological data, history, systemic symptoms and signs, and the pattern of ocular involvement. The diagnosis is usually confirmed by detection of virus-specific DNA or antivirus antibodies in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moncef Khairallah
- a Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | | | - Andre Curi
- c Research Laboratory of Infectious Diseases in Ophthalmology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Sana Khochtali
- a Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Emmett T Cunningham
- d Department of Ophthalmology , California Pacific Medical Center , San Francisco , CA , USA.,e Department of Ophthalmology , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA.,f UCSF School of Medicine , The Francis I. Proctor Foundation , San Francisco , CA , USA
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Wen S, Ma D, Lin Y, Li L, Hong S, Li X, Wang X, Xi J, Qiu L, Pan Y, Chen J, Shan X, Sun Q. Complete Genome Characterization of the 2017 Dengue Outbreak in Xishuangbanna, a Border City of China, Burma and Laos. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:148. [PMID: 29868504 PMCID: PMC5951998 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A dengue outbreak abruptly occurred at the border of China, Myanmar, and Laos in June 2017. By November 3rd 2017, 1184 infected individuals were confirmed as NS1-positivein Xishuangbanna, a city located at the border. To verify the causative agent, complete genome information was obtained through PCR and sequencing based on the viral RNAs extracted from patient samples. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the maximum likelihood method (MEGA 6.0). Nucleotide and amino acid substitutions were analyzed by BioEdit, followed by RNA secondary structure prediction of untranslated regions (UTRs) and protein secondary structure prediction in coding sequences (CDSs). Strains YN2, YN17741, and YN176272 were isolated from local residents. Stains MY21 and MY22 were isolated from Burmese travelers. The complete genome sequences of the five isolates were 10,735 nucleotides in length. Phylogenetic analysis classified all five isolates as genotype I of DENV-1, while isolates of local residents and Burmese travelers belonged to different branches. The three locally isolates were most similar to the Dongguan strain in 2011, and the other two isolates from Burmese travelers were most similar to the Laos strain in 2008. Twenty-four amino acid substitutions were important in eight evolutionary tree branches. Comparison with DENV-1SS revealed 658 base substitutions in the local isolates, except for two mutations exclusive to YN17741, resulting in 87 synonymous mutations. Compared with the local isolates, 52 amino acid mutations occurred in the CDS of two isolates from Burmese travelers. Comparing MY21 with MY22, 17 amino acid mutations were observed, all these mutations occurred in the CDS of non-structured proteins (two in NS1, 10 in NS2, two in NS3, three in NS5). Secondary structure prediction revealed 46 changes in the potential nucleotide and protein binding sites of the CDSs in local isolates. RNA secondary structure prediction also showed base changes in the 3′UTR of local isolates, leading to two significant changes in the RNA secondary structure. To our knowledge, this study is the first complete genome analysis of isolates from the 2017 dengue outbreak that occurred at the border areas of China, Burma, and Laos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjiao Wen
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Dehong Ma
- Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Shan Hong
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Institute of Pediatric Disease Research, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Juemin Xi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- Institute of Pediatric Disease Research, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Xiyun Shan
- Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Qiangming Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease, Kunming, China
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Funk S, Kucharski AJ, Camacho A, Eggo RM, Yakob L, Murray LM, Edmunds WJ. Comparative Analysis of Dengue and Zika Outbreaks Reveals Differences by Setting and Virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005173. [PMID: 27926933 PMCID: PMC5142772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pacific islands of Micronesia have experienced several outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases over the past decade. In outbreaks on small islands, the susceptible population is usually well defined, and there is no co-circulation of pathogens. Because of this, analysing such outbreaks can be useful for understanding the transmission dynamics of the pathogens involved, and particularly so for yet understudied pathogens such as Zika virus. Here, we compared three outbreaks of dengue and Zika virus in two different island settings in Micronesia, the Yap Main Islands and Fais, using a mathematical model of transmission dynamics and making full use of commonalities in disease and setting between the outbreaks. We found that the estimated reproduction numbers for Zika and dengue were similar when considered in the same setting, but that, conversely, reproduction number for the same disease can vary considerably by setting. On the Yap Main Islands, we estimated a reproduction number of 8.0-16 (95% Credible Interval (CI)) for the dengue outbreak and 4.8-14 (95% CI) for the Zika outbreak, whereas for the dengue outbreak on Fais our estimate was 28-102 (95% CI). We further found that the proportion of cases of Zika reported was smaller (95% CI 1.4%-1.9%) than that of dengue (95% CI: 47%-61%). We confirmed these results in extensive sensitivity analysis. They suggest that models for dengue transmission can be useful for estimating the predicted dynamics of Zika transmission, but care must be taken when extrapolating findings from one setting to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Funk
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J. Kucharski
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anton Camacho
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind M. Eggo
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laith Yakob
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department for Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - W. John Edmunds
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Mochizuki M, Sugita S, Kamoi K, Takase H. A new era of uveitis: impact of polymerase chain reaction in intraocular inflammatory diseases. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2016; 61:1-20. [PMID: 27787641 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-016-0474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uveitis is a sight-threatening intraocular inflammatory disorder which may occur from both infectious and non-infectious or autoimmune causes. The frequency of infectious uveitis and autoimmune uveitis varies depending on countries and regions. According to a nationwide survey conducted by the Japanese Ocular Inflammation Society, infectious and non-infectious uveitis accounted for 16.4 and 50.1% of new patients, respectively while the remaining 33.5% of new uveitis cases were not classified or were idiopathic uveitis. Infectious uveitis is particularly important because it causes tissue damage to the eye and may result in blindness unless treated. However, it can be treated if the pathogenic microorganisms are identified promptly and accurately. Remarkable advancements in molecular and immunological technologies have been made in the last decade, and the diagnosis of infectious uveitis has been greatly improved by the application of molecular and immunological investigations, particularly polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR performed on a small amount of ocular samples provides a prompt, sensitive, and specific molecular diagnosis of pathogenic microorganisms in the eye. This technology has opened a new era in the diagnosis and treatment of uveitis, enabling physicians to establish new clinical entities of uveitis caused by infectious microorganisms, identify pathogens in the eyes of many patients with uveitis, and determine prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Here we review the PCR process, new PCR tests specialized for ocular diseases, microorganisms detected by the PCR tests, diseases in the eye caused by these microorganisms, and the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and therapy of uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Mochizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan. .,Miyata Eye Hospital, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Sunao Sugita
- Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koju Kamoi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
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Pyke AT, Moore PR, Taylor CT, Hall-Mendelin S, Cameron JN, Hewitson GR, Pukallus DS, Huang B, Warrilow D, van den Hurk AF. Highly divergent dengue virus type 1 genotype sets a new distance record. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22356. [PMID: 26924208 PMCID: PMC4770315 DOI: 10.1038/srep22356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENVs) are the leading cause of mosquito-borne viral disease of humans. They exist in both endemic and sylvatic ecotypes. In 2014, a viremic patient who had recently visited the rainforests of Brunei returned to Australia displaying symptoms consistent with DENV infection. A unique DENV strain was subsequently isolated from the patient, which we propose belongs to a new genotype within DENV serotype 1 (DENV-1). Bayesian evolutionary phylogenetic analysis suggests that the putative sylvatic DENV-1 Brunei 2014 (Brun2014) is the most divergent DENV-1 yet recorded and increases the time to the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) for DENV-1 from ≈120 years to ≈315 years. DENV-1 classification of the Brun2014 strain was further supported by monoclonal antibody serotyping data. Phenotypic characterization demonstrated that Brun2014 replication rates in mosquito cells and infection rates in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were not significantly different from an epidemic DENV-1 strain. Given its ability to cause human illness and infect Ae. aegypti, potential urban spillover and clinical disease from further Brun2014 transmission cannot be discounted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa T. Pyke
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter R. Moore
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carmel T. Taylor
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sonja Hall-Mendelin
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jane N. Cameron
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glen R. Hewitson
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dennis S. Pukallus
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bixing Huang
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Warrilow
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew F. van den Hurk
- Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia
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Ledermann JP, Guillaumot L, Yug L, Saweyog SC, Tided M, Machieng P, Pretrick M, Marfel M, Griggs A, Bel M, Duffy MR, Hancock WT, Ho-Chen T, Powers AM. Aedes hensilli as a potential vector of Chikungunya and Zika viruses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3188. [PMID: 25299181 PMCID: PMC4191940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) illness that occurred in July 2007 on Yap Island in the Federated States of Micronesia prompted entomological studies to identify both the primary vector(s) involved in transmission and the ecological parameters contributing to the outbreak. Larval and pupal surveys were performed to identify the major containers serving as oviposition habitat for the likely vector(s). Adult mosquitoes were also collected by backpack aspiration, light trap, and gravid traps at select sites around the capital city. The predominant species found on the island was Aedes (Stegomyia) hensilli. No virus isolates were obtained from the adult field material collected, nor did any of the immature mosquitoes that were allowed to emerge to adulthood contain viable virus or nucleic acid. Therefore, laboratory studies of the probable vector, Ae. hensilli, were undertaken to determine the likelihood of this species serving as a vector for Zika virus and other arboviruses. Infection rates of up to 86%, 62%, and 20% and dissemination rates of 23%, 80%, and 17% for Zika, chikungunya, and dengue-2 viruses respectively, were found supporting the possibility that this species served as a vector during the Zika outbreak and that it could play a role in transmitting other medically important arboviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy P. Ledermann
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Laurent Guillaumot
- URE-Entomologie Medicale, Institut Pasteur de Nouvelle-Caledonie, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Lawrence Yug
- Environmental Health Services, Division of Public Health, Department of Health Services, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Steven C. Saweyog
- National Food Safety Program, Department of Health and Social Affairs, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Mary Tided
- Environmental Health Services, Division of Public Health, Department of Health Services, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Paul Machieng
- National Food Safety Program, Department of Health and Social Affairs, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Moses Pretrick
- Department of Health, Education and Social Affairs, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Maria Marfel
- Wa′ab Community Health Center, Yap, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Anne Griggs
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Martin Bel
- Wa′ab Community Health Center, Yap, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Mark R. Duffy
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - W. Thane Hancock
- Wa′ab Community Health Center, Yap, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Tai Ho-Chen
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Field Assignments Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ann M. Powers
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Noda S, Yamamoto S, Toma T, Taulung L. Distribution of mosquito larvae on kosrae island, kosrae state, the federated States of micronesia. Trop Med Health 2013; 41:157-61. [PMID: 24478593 PMCID: PMC3880869 DOI: 10.2149/tmh.2013-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveys of mosquito larvae were carried out in six areas of Kosrae Island, Kosrae State, the Federated States of Micronesia in December 2009 and June 2012. A total of 962 larvae of six species were collected from 106 natural and artificial habitats. They were identified as Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ae. marshallensis, Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. annulirostris, and Cx. kusaiensis. This is the first report from Kosrae Island for three of these species-Ae. marshallensis, Cx. quinquefasciatus, and Cx. annulirostris. The most abundant species was Ae. albopictus, followed by Ae. marshallensis, and these two species were found in all areas. Relatively large numbers of Cx. quinquefasciatus and Cx. kusaiensis were found in five areas. Fewer Cx. annulirostris were found, and only in three areas. Aedes aegypti larvae were collected from a single habitat at Tafunsak in 2009. To prevent the outbreak of dengue fever, environmental management should focus on the destruction, alteration, disposal and recycling of containers that produce larger numbers of adult Aedes mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Noda
- Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sota Yamamoto
- Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takako Toma
- School of Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Livinson Taulung
- Department of Health Services, Kosrae State Government, Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia
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Yamashita A, Sasaki T, Kurosu T, Yasunaga T, Ikuta K. Origin and distribution of divergent dengue virus: novel database construction and phylogenetic analyses. Future Virol 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.13.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne agent that exists as four serotypes (DENV-1–4), induces dengue illness. DENV has a positive-sense, ssRNA genome of approximately 11 kb that encodes a capsid protein, a premembrane protein and an envelope glycoprotein, in addition to seven nonstructural proteins. These individual genes show sequence variations that can be analyzed phylogenetically to yield several genotypes within each serotype. Here, the sequences of individual DENV genes were collected and used to construct a novel DENV database. This database was then used to characterize the evolution of individual genotypes in several countries. Interestingly, the database provided evidence for recombination between two or three different genotypes to yield new genotypes. This novel database will be available on the internet and is expected to be highly useful for dengue genetic studies, including phylogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Yamashita
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Sasaki
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kurosu
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Teruo Yasunaga
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ikuta
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Sjatha F, Takizawa Y, Yamanaka A, Konishi E. Phylogenetic analysis of dengue virus types 1 and 3 isolated in Jakarta, Indonesia in 1988. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 12:1938-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Yamanaka A, Mulyatno KC, Susilowati H, Hendrianto E, Ginting AP, Sary DD, Rantam FA, Soegijanto S, Konishi E. Displacement of the predominant dengue virus from type 2 to type 1 with a subsequent genotype shift from IV to I in Surabaya, Indonesia 2008-2010. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27322. [PMID: 22087290 PMCID: PMC3210158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Indonesia has annually experienced approximately 100,000 reported cases of dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in recent years. However, epidemiological surveys of dengue viruses (DENVs) have been limited in this country. In Surabaya, the second largest city, a single report indicated that dengue virus type 2 (DENV2) was the predominant circulating virus in 2003–2005. We conducted three surveys in Surabaya during: (i) April 2007, (ii) June 2008 to April 2009, and (iii) September 2009 to December 2010. A total of 231 isolates were obtained from dengue patients and examined by PCR typing. We found that the predominant DENV shifted from type 2 to type 1 between October and November 2008. Another survey using wild-caught mosquitoes in April 2009 confirmed that dengue type 1 virus (DENV1) was the predominant type in Surabaya. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of the complete envelope gene of DENV1 indicated that all 22 selected isolates in the second survey belonged to genotype IV and all 17 selected isolates in the third survey belonged to genotype I, indicating a genotype shift between April and September 2009. Furthermore, in December 2010, isolates were grouped into a new clade of DENV1 genotype I, suggesting clade shift between September and December 2010. According to statistics reported by the Surabaya Health Office, the proportion of DHF cases among the total number of dengue cases increased about three times after the type shift in 2008. In addition, the subsequent genotype shift in 2009 was associated with the increased number of total dengue cases. This indicates the need for continuous surveillance of circulating viruses to predict the risk of DHF and DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yamanaka
- Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
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Kato F, Kotaki A, Yamaguchi Y, Shiba H, Hosono K, Harada S, Saijo M, Kurane I, Takasaki T, Tajima S. Identification and characterization of the short variable region of the Japanese encephalitis virus 3' NTR. Virus Genes 2011; 44:191-7. [PMID: 22057659 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-011-0685-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1980s, the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) variants with slightly short variable regions (VR) of the 3' non-translated region (NTR) have been found; however, the implications of these short VR remain unclear. We recently identified two novel types of short VR (5 and 9 nt shorter than that of major group of genotype I JEV strains) of genotype I JEV isolates. To elucidate the impact of these short VR on the replication and virulence of JEV, we generated five recombinant JEV viruses: M41-d5 and M41-d9 have deletions in the VR that correspond to those observed in some recent JEV isolates, M41-d5d9 has both the 5- and 9-nt deletions in the VR, M41-d27 has a large deletion that encompasses both the 5- and 9-nt deletion regions, and M41-a13 has a 13-nt sequence insertion of the genotype III JEV strain Beijing-1 into the parent genotype I JEV strain Mie/41/2002 genome. The recombinant viruses and the parent virus, except for the M41-d27 mutant, showed similar growth properties in mammalian and mosquito cell lines. Mouse challenge experiments indicated that no significant differences among the recombinant viruses M41-d5d9, M41-d27, M41-a13, and the parent virus. Our results suggest that the short VR in JEV 3' NTR do not affect its growth in vitro or its pathogenicity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Kato
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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Chen R, Vasilakis N. Dengue--quo tu et quo vadis? Viruses 2011; 3:1562-608. [PMID: 21994796 PMCID: PMC3187692 DOI: 10.3390/v3091562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENV) are by far the most important arboviral pathogens in the tropics around the world, putting at risk of infection nearly a third of the global human population. DENV are members of the genus Flavivirus in the Family Flaviviridae and comprise four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV-1-4). Although they share almost identical epidemiological features, they are genetically distinct. Phylogenetic analyses have revealed valuable insights into the origins, epidemiology and the forces that shape DENV evolution in nature. In this review, we examine the current status of DENV evolution, including but not limited to rates of evolution, selection pressures, population sizes and evolutionary constraints, and we discuss how these factors influence transmission, pathogenesis and emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubing Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; E-Mail:
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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13
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Identification of Dengue Type 1 Virus (DENV-1) in Koreans Traveling Abroad. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2011; 2:34-40. [PMID: 24159448 PMCID: PMC3766905 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To date, no indigenous dengue virus (DENV) transmissions have been reported in Korea. However, imported dengue infections have been diagnosed in travelers returning from endemic areas. This study presents the first virological evidence of travel-associated DENV importation into South Korea. Methods From January 2004 to June 2006, a total of 278 serum samples from 245 patients with suspected dengue fever were tested using the Panbio Dengue Duo IgM/IgG Rapid Strip Test. We selected 11 of the early symptomatic-phase sera that were negative for IgM and retrospectively studied them by virus isolation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results All 11 serum samples were found to be DENV positive by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and viruses were successfully isolated from seven of the 11 serum samples. All the isolates were identified as DENV serotype-1. Conclusion We successfully isolated seven DENV serotype-1 strains for the first time in South Korea from imported infections. Considering that the vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus, already exists in South Korea, we propose that a vector surveillance program for dengue is urgently needed.
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14
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RNA secondary structures in the proximal 3′UTR of Indonesian Dengue 1 virus strains. Virus Res 2009; 142:213-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2009.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 02/19/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Tang JW, Khanani MR, Zubairi AM, Lam WY, Lai F, Hashmi K, Hussain A, Jamal S, Chan PK. A wide spectrum of dengue IgM and PCR positivity post-onset of illness found in a large dengue 3 outbreak in Pakistan. J Med Virol 2008; 80:2113-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Cáceres C, Yung V, Araya P, Tognarelli J, Villagra E, Vera L, Fernández J. Complete nucleotide sequence analysis of a Dengue-1 virus isolated on Easter Island, Chile. Arch Virol 2008; 153:1967-70. [PMID: 18815724 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-008-0200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue-1 viruses responsible for the dengue fever outbreak in Easter Island in 2002 were isolated from acute-phase sera of dengue fever patients. In order to analyze the complete genome sequence, we designed primers to amplify contiguous segments across the entire sequence of the viral genome. RT-PCR products obtained were cloned, and complete nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were determined. This report constitutes the first complete genetic characterization of a DENV-1 isolate from Chile. Phylogenetic analysis shows that an Easter Island isolate is most closely related to Pacific DENV-1 genotype IV viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cáceres
- Genética Molecular, Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Chen SP, Yu M, Jiang T, Deng YQ, Qin CF, Han JF, Qin ED. Identification of a recombinant dengue virus type 1 with 3 recombination regions in natural populations in Guangdong province, China. Arch Virol 2008; 153:1175-9. [PMID: 18446424 PMCID: PMC7087008 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-008-0090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Using recombination analysis, we identified a recombinant dengue virus type 1 strain, namely, GD23/95, with three recombination regions, located within the sequences of the prM/E junction, NS1, and NS3, respectively. The recombinant dengue virus was further confirmed by phylogenetic analysis based on its recombination and non-recombination regions. This appears to be the first study to confirm the existence of three recombination regions in a single dengue virus isolate and to report recombination between parent virus strains isolated from the same geographic area (Guangdong province, China). It is also the first to report breakpoints within the NS3 gene of dengue viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.-P. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - M. Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - T. Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - Y.-Q. Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - C.-F. Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - J.-F. Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
| | - E.-D. Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, No. 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071 China
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Molecular characterization of the E gene of dengue virus type 1 isolated in Guangdong province, China, in 2006. Epidemiol Infect 2008; 137:73-8. [PMID: 18387217 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268808000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the genetic relationships and origin of the dengue virus (DENV) responsible for an outbreak of dengue fever (DF) in Guangdong province, China, in 2006. Five DENV type 1 (DENV-1) isolates were obtained from human serum samples collected from DF patients during the outbreak. The nucleotide sequences of the E (envelope) gene were compared with those of 48 previous DENV-1 isolates: 18 from Guangdong province, one from Fujian province, one from Zhejiang province, and 28 from other countries in the South Asian region. The results suggested that four DENV-1 isolates identified in Guangdong province in 2006 might be in general circulation there, although these DENV-1 viruses may have been originally introduced into the province from other countries. In contrast, one isolate from Guangzhou city in 2006, may have been introduced by a recently imported case from Cambodia.
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Huhtamo E, Uzcátegui NY, Siikamäki H, Saarinen A, Piiparinen H, Vaheri A, Vapalahti O. Molecular epidemiology of dengue virus strains from Finnish travelers. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14:80-3. [PMID: 18258084 PMCID: PMC2600155 DOI: 10.3201/eid1401.070865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular Epidemiology of Dengue Virus Strains from Finnish Travelers We characterized 11 dengue virus (DENV) isolates obtained from Finnish travelers during 2000–2005 using monoclonal antibodies and phylogenetic analysis. The analysis of DENV isolated from travelers contributes to the global picture of strain distribution and circulation. The isolates included all serotypes, including a DENV-2 isolate from Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eili Huhtamo
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, Helsinki, Finland.
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Tajima S, Nukui Y, Takasaki T, Kurane I. Characterization of the variable region in the 3' non-translated region of dengue type 1 virus. J Gen Virol 2007; 88:2214-2222. [PMID: 17622625 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82661-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The first 84 nt in the 3' non-translated region (3' NTR) of dengue type 1 virus (DENV-1) exhibit lower levels of conservation than the other regions; this region is named the variable region (VR). The VR is further divided into two subregions: a 5'-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) and a 3'-terminal semi-variable region (SVR). Recent reports suggested that the VR of DENV-2 is required for efficient virus growth in mammalian cells. To investigate whether this is also true for the VR of DENV-1, deletion or replacement mutations were introduced into the VR by using recombinant DENV-1 cDNA clones. Recombinant viruses with deletion of either or both subregions exhibited reduced growth properties compared with the original virus. Mutants with incompletely reversed or unrelated sequences in the HVR demonstrated growth properties similar to those of the original virus. However, a replacement mutation in the SVR did not cause recovery of growth properties. Furthermore, the amount of viral RNA was decreased in Vero cells infected with the growth-attenuated mutant viruses. Results of reporter translation assays suggest that VR mutations may not affect the translation process of DENV-1. These data indicate that the VR is important for DENV-1 replication and is associated with the accumulation of DENV-1 RNA in mammalian cells, and that the HVR and SVR in the VR may have different roles in DENV-1 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Tajima
- Laboratory of Vector Borne Viruses, Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
- Laboratory of Vector Borne Viruses, Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Takasaki
- Laboratory of Vector Borne Viruses, Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kurane
- Laboratory of Vector Borne Viruses, Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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Ito M, Yamada KI, Takasaki T, Pandey B, Nerome R, Tajima S, Morita K, Kurane I. Phylogenetic analysis of dengue viruses isolated from imported dengue patients: possible aid for determining the countries where infections occurred. J Travel Med 2007; 14:233-44. [PMID: 17617845 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2007.00130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular epidemiology of dengue viruses in endemic countries have been reported, but few were reported on the imported dengue cases among travelers. We analyzed dengue viruses isolated from imported dengue cases in Japan who were infected while traveling in endemic regions of the world. METHOD We sequenced the complete envelope (E) gene of 33 dengue virus strains isolated from patients returning from Asia, Oceania, South Pacific islands, and South America to Japan where no domestic dengue virus infection occurs. We then performed phylogenetic analysis to define the geographic origin of isolated viruses. Moreover, we compared the genomes of isolated dengue viruses with those of the strains already deposited in the GenBank database. RESULT The isolates are clustered into expected genotypes, confirming that the viruses originated from the visited countries. When patients visited more than one country during a single trip, the countries where the infection occurred were also determined for four of the six patients. There were three isolates, which were different genotypes from those previously isolated in visited countries. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that many dengue virus strains are introduced into Japan and that phylogenic analysis of isolated dengue viruses is a unique technique to determine the countries where infection occurred. Travelers carry viruses and provide important and unique information for clarifying dengue virus trait and its dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikako Ito
- Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Disease, Tokyo, Japan
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Clyde K, Kyle JL, Harris E. Recent advances in deciphering viral and host determinants of dengue virus replication and pathogenesis. J Virol 2006; 80:11418-31. [PMID: 16928749 PMCID: PMC1642597 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01257-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Clyde
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA
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