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Recombination Located over 2A-2B Junction Ribosome Frameshifting Region of Saffold Cardiovirus. Viruses 2018; 10:v10100520. [PMID: 30249971 PMCID: PMC6213509 DOI: 10.3390/v10100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the nearly full-length genome of a recombinant Saffold virus strain (SAFV-BR-193) isolated from a child with acute gastroenteritis. Evolutionary analysis performed using all available near-full length Saffold picornavirus genomes showed that the breakpoint found in the Brazilian strain (SAFV-BR-193) is indeed a recombination hotspot. Notably, this hotspot is located just one nucleotide after the ribosomal frameshift GGUUUUU motif in the SAFV genome. Empirical studies will be necessary to determine if this motif also affects the binding affinity of RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) and therefore increases the changes of RdRp swap between molecules during the synthesis of viral genomes.
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Kruger MM, Martin LJ, Maistry S, Heathfield LJ. A systematic review exploring the relationship between infection and sudden unexpected death between 2000 and 2016: A forensic perspective. Forensic Sci Int 2018; 289:108-119. [PMID: 29860163 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Death due to infectious diseases is a major health concern worldwide. This is of particular concern in developing countries where poor-socio economic status and a lack of healthcare resources contribute to the high burden of disease. In some cases death due to infection can be acute and aggressive, and death may occur without a diagnosis whilst the person is still alive. These deaths may ultimately lead to a medico-legal autopsy being performed. There are various mechanisms by which sudden death due to infection may occur. In addition, there are many risk factors associated with sudden death due to infection, which differ between infants and older individuals. However, it is unclear which pathogens and risk factors are most frequently associated with sudden death due to infection. Therefore a systematic review of articles and case reports published between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2016 was undertaken in order to (1) explore the relationship between pathogens and their causative role and (2) identify the relationship between predisposing and/or risk factors associated with sudden death due to infection. Major databases were searched and after critical appraisal 143 articles were identified. It was found that respiratory infections and deaths involving bacterial pathogens were most commonly associated with these deaths. In addition the most common risk factors in infants were exposure to tobacco smoke and co-sleeping. In adults the most common risk factors were co-morbid conditions and illnesses. This information aids in a better understanding of these deaths and highlights the need for more research in this field, particularly in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia M Kruger
- Division of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa.
| | - Lorna J Martin
- Division of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa.
| | - Sairita Maistry
- Division of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa.
| | - Laura J Heathfield
- Division of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa.
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Dufkova L, Straková P, Širmarová J, Salát J, Moutelíková R, Chrudimský T, Bartonička T, Nowotny N, Růžek D. Detection of Diverse Novel Bat Astrovirus Sequences in the Czech Republic. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 15:518-21. [PMID: 26273815 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2015.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astroviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Recently, novel groups of astroviruses were identified in apparently healthy insectivorous bats. We report the detection of diverse novel astrovirus sequences in nine different European bat species: Eptesicus serotinus, Hypsugo savii, Myotis emarginatus, M. mystacinus, Nyctalus noctula, Pipistrellus nathusii or P. pygmaeus, P. pipistrellus, Vespertilio murinus, and Rhinolophus hipposideros. In six bat species, astrovirus sequences were detected for the first time. One astrovirus strain detected in R. hipposideros clustered phylogenetically with Chinese astrovirus strains originating from bats of the families Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae. All other Czech astrovirus sequences from vesper bats formed, together with one Hungarian sequence, a separate monophyletic lineage within the bat astrovirus group. These findings provide new insights into the molecular epidemiology, ecology, and prevalence of astroviruses in European bat populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Dufkova
- 1 Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Straková
- 1 Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute , Brno, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Science, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Širmarová
- 1 Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Salát
- 1 Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Moutelíková
- 1 Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute , Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Chrudimský
- 3 Institute of Soil Biology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences , České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Norbert Nowotny
- 4 Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Vienna, Austria .,5 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat, Oman
| | - Daniel Růžek
- 1 Department of Virology, Veterinary Research Institute , Brno, Czech Republic .,2 Faculty of Science, Masaryk University , Brno, Czech Republic .,6 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences , České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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4
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Hansen TA, Mollerup S, Nguyen NP, White NE, Coghlan M, Alquezar-Planas DE, Joshi T, Jensen RH, Fridholm H, Kjartansdóttir KR, Mourier T, Warnow T, Belsham GJ, Bunce M, Willerslev E, Nielsen LP, Vinner L, Hansen AJ. High diversity of picornaviruses in rats from different continents revealed by deep sequencing. Emerg Microbes Infect 2016; 5:e90. [PMID: 27530749 PMCID: PMC5034103 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2016.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Outbreaks of zoonotic diseases in humans and livestock are not uncommon, and an important component in containment of such emerging viral diseases is rapid and reliable diagnostics. Such methods are often PCR-based and hence require the availability of sequence data from the pathogen. Rattus norvegicus (R. norvegicus) is a known reservoir for important zoonotic pathogens. Transmission may be direct via contact with the animal, for example, through exposure to its faecal matter, or indirectly mediated by arthropod vectors. Here we investigated the viral content in rat faecal matter (n=29) collected from two continents by analyzing 2.2 billion next-generation sequencing reads derived from both DNA and RNA. Among other virus families, we found sequences from members of the Picornaviridae to be abundant in the microbiome of all the samples. Here we describe the diversity of the picornavirus-like contigs including near-full-length genomes closely related to the Boone cardiovirus and Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus. From this study, we conclude that picornaviruses within R. norvegicus are more diverse than previously recognized. The virome of R. norvegicus should be investigated further to assess the full potential for zoonotic virus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Arn Hansen
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Mollerup
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nam-Phuong Nguyen
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA
| | - Nicole E White
- Trace and Environmental DNA Lab and Australian Wildlife Forensic Services, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Megan Coghlan
- Trace and Environmental DNA Lab and Australian Wildlife Forensic Services, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - David E Alquezar-Planas
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tejal Joshi
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Randi Holm Jensen
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helena Fridholm
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Virus Research and Development, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristín Rós Kjartansdóttir
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Mourier
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tandy Warnow
- Departments of Bioengineering and Computer Science, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-2302, USA
| | - Graham J Belsham
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lindholm, DK-4771 Kalvehave, Denmark
| | - Michael Bunce
- Trace and Environmental DNA Lab and Australian Wildlife Forensic Services, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Eske Willerslev
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Peter Nielsen
- Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Vinner
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Johannes Hansen
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Saffold virus infection associated with human myocarditis. J Clin Virol 2015; 74:78-81. [PMID: 26687438 PMCID: PMC7106523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed for saffold virus in myocardial specimens from humans with myocarditis. One of 150 examined specimens was detected positive for saffold virus type 2. Saffold virus was detected in three anatomical compartments. Histological evidence of inflammation was found in two related organs. Saffold virus is a possible cause of human myocarditis.
Background Saffold virus was described in 2007 as one of the first human viruses within the genus cardioviruses. Cardioviruses may cause severe infections of the myocardium in animals, and several studies have associated saffold virus with human disease. As a result, saffold virus has been isolated from different anatomical compartments, including the myocardium, but, until now, it has not been possible to demonstrate the accompanying histopathological signs of inflammation. Objectives The aim of the study was to examine if saffold virus is capable of causing invasive infection in the human myocardium. Study design Using real-time PCR, we retrospectively examined formalin-fixed paraffin embedded cardiac tissue specimens from 150 deceased individuals diagnosed with myocarditis at autopsy. The results were compared with histological findings. Results and conclusions Saffold virus was detected in the myocardium, lung tissue and blood of one child and was accompanied by histopathological inflammation in the heart and lungs, which was supportive of a viral infection. These findings suggest that cardioviruses may be associated with myocarditis in humans.
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Kemenesi G, Dallos B, Görföl T, Boldogh S, Estók P, Kurucz K, Kutas A, Földes F, Oldal M, Németh V, Martella V, Bányai K, Jakab F. Molecular survey of RNA viruses in Hungarian bats: discovering novel astroviruses, coronaviruses, and caliciviruses. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015; 14:846-55. [PMID: 25514120 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background: Bat-borne viruses pose a potential risk to human health and are the focus of increasing scientific interest. To start gaining information about bat-transmitted viruses in Hungary, we tested multiple bat species for several virus groups between 2012 and 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fecal samples were collected from bats across Hungary. We performed group-specific RT-PCR screening for astro-, calici-, corona-, lyssa-, othoreo-, paramyxo-, and rotaviruses. Positive samples were selected and sequenced for further phylogenetic analyses. RESULTS A total of 447 fecal samples, representing 24 European bat species were tested. Novel strains of astroviruses, coronaviruses, and caliciviruses were detected and analyzed phylogenetically. Out of the 447 tested samples, 40 (9%) bats were positive for at least one virus. Bat-transmitted astroviruses (BtAstV) were detected in eight species with a 6.93% detection rate (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.854, 9.571). Coronaviruses (BtCoV) were detected in seven bat species with a detection rate of 1.79% (95% CI 0.849, 3.348), whereas novel caliciviruses (BtCalV) were detected in three bat species with a detection rate of 0.67% (95% CI 0.189, 1.780). Phylogenetic analyses revealed a great diversity among astrovirus strains, whereas the Hungarian BtCoV strains clustered together with both alpha- and betacoronavirus strains from other European countries. One of the most intriguing findings of our investigation is the discovery of novel BtCalVs in Europe. The Hungarian BtCalV did not cluster with any of the calcivirus genera identified in the family so far. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully confirmed BtCoVs in numerous bat species. Furthermore, we have described new bat species harboring BtAstVs in Europe and found new species of CalVs. Further long-term investigations involving more species are needed in the Central European region for a better understanding on the host specificity, seasonality, phylogenetic relationships, and the possible zoonotic potential of these newly described viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Kemenesi
- 1 Virological Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
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Alfelali M, Khandaker G. Infectious causes of sudden infant death syndrome. Paediatr Respir Rev 2014; 15:307-11. [PMID: 25441371 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Investigators have long suspected the role of infection in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Evidence of infectious associations with SIDS is accentuated through the presence of markers of infection and inflammation on autopsy of SIDS infants and isolates of some bacteria and viruses. Several observational studies have looked into the relation between seasonality and incidence of SIDS, which often showed a winter peak. These all may suggest an infectious aetiology of SIDS. In this review we have summarised the current literature on infectious aetiologies of SIDS by looking at viral, bacterial, genetic and environmental factors which are believed to be associated with SIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alfelali
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gulam Khandaker
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Perinatal Infection Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity Institute (MBI), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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8
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Galama JMD, Zoll JG, Lanke KH, de Jong AS, Melief J, Huitinga I, Verbeek MM, van Kuppeveld FJM. Saffold cardiovirus and multiple sclerosis: no evidence for an association. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2014; 1:618-21. [PMID: 25356431 PMCID: PMC4184563 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saffold cardiovirus, a newly discovered human cardiovirus, has close similarity with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) which can cause a chronic demyelinating encephalomyelitis in mice. In this study, we tested whether Saffold cardiovirus infection of the brain is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Autopsy white matter samples from 19 MS and 9 normal brain donors were tested by polymerase chain reaction. All were negative. Paired cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from 24 MS patients and 27 controls were tested for Saffold cardiovirus-specific oligoclonal bands, two patients and two controls reacted positive. We conclude that an association between Saffold cardiovirus and MS is highly improbable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochem M D Galama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan G Zoll
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kjerstin H Lanke
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan S de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Melief
- Neuroimmunology Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J M van Kuppeveld
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Nix WA, Khetsuriani N, Peñaranda S, Maher K, Venczel L, Cselkó Z, Freire MC, Cisterna D, Lema CL, Rosales P, Rodriguez JR, Rodriguez W, Halkyer P, Ronveaux O, Pallansch MA, Oberste MS. Diversity of picornaviruses in rural Bolivia. J Gen Virol 2013; 94:2017-2028. [PMID: 23804569 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.053827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Picornaviridae is a large and diverse group of viruses that infect humans and animals. Picornaviruses are among the most common infections of humans and cause a wide spectrum of acute human disease. This study began as an investigation of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in a small area of eastern Bolivia, where surveillance had identified a persistently high AFP rate in children. Stools were collected and diagnostic studies ruled out poliovirus. We tested stool specimens from 51 AFP cases and 34 healthy household or community contacts collected during 2002-2003 using real-time and semi-nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for enterovirus, parechovirus, cardiovirus, kobuvirus, salivirus and cosavirus. Anecdotal reports suggested a temporal association with neurological disease in domestic pigs, so six porcine stools were also collected and tested with the same set of assays, with the addition of an assay for porcine teschovirus. A total of 126 picornaviruses were detected in 73 of 85 human individuals, consisting of 53 different picornavirus types encompassing five genera (all except Kobuvirus). All six porcine stools contained porcine and/or human picornaviruses. No single virus, or combination of viruses, specifically correlated with AFP; however, the study revealed a surprising complexity of enteric picornaviruses in a single community.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Allan Nix
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Kaija Maher
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Linda Venczel
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zsuzsa Cselkó
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Cecilia Freire
- Instituto Nacional de Enfemedades Infecciosos C. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Cisterna
- Instituto Nacional de Enfemedades Infecciosos C. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina L Lema
- Instituto Nacional de Enfemedades Infecciosos C. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wang CYT, Greer RM, Delwart E, Sloots TP, Mackay IM. A newly designed real-time RT-PCR for SAFV detects SAFV-2 and SAFV-3 in the respiratory tracts of ill children during 2011. J Clin Virol 2012; 55:173-6. [PMID: 22832058 PMCID: PMC7108345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Y T Wang
- Queensland Paediatric Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Children's Health Services, The University of Queensland, Australia
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August TA, Mathews F, Nunn MA. Alphacoronavirus detected in bats in the United Kingdom. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2012; 12:530-3. [PMID: 22276674 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the first record of coronavirus in British bats. Alphacoronavirus strains were detected in two of seven bat species, namely Myotis nattereri and M. daubentonii. Virus prevalence was particularly high in the previously unrecognized host M. nattereri, which can live in close proximity to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom A August
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, and University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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