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Hoskins E, Hoffman J, Ferro PJ, Diaz-Delgado J, Porter BF, Gomez G, Cliften P. Deer mastadenovirus B pneumonia in a white-tailed deer fawn. J Vet Diagn Invest 2023; 35:543-546. [PMID: 37305980 PMCID: PMC10467465 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231179140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A 7-mo-old farmed white-tailed deer fawn (Odocoileus virginianus) died after several weeks of progressive deterioration associated with endoparasitism and respiratory signs. A field autopsy was performed, and lung tissue was submitted for histologic examination. The findings were consistent with necrosuppurative bronchointerstitial pneumonia with intranuclear viral inclusions. Immunofluorescence using fluorescently labeled polyclonal antibodies to bovine adenovirus 3 and 5 was positive. To rule out cross-reactivity with other adenoviruses, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were submitted for genome sequence analysis, which revealed a 99.6% match to Deer mastadenovirus B (formerly Odocoileus adenovirus 2, OdAdV2). To our knowledge, natural clinical disease associated with OdAdV2 has not been reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hoskins
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jay Hoffman
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Pamela J. Ferro
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Josué Diaz-Delgado
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Brian F. Porter
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gabriel Gomez
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Paul Cliften
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Liu C, Li L, Dong J, Zhang J, Huang Y, Zhai Q, Xiang Y, Jin J, Huang X, Wang G, Sun M, Liao M. Global analysis of gene expression profiles and gout symptoms in goslings infected with goose astrovirus. Vet Microbiol 2023; 279:109677. [PMID: 36764218 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While blocking inflammation is an effective way to ease the symptoms of gout disease in humans, the treatment and prevention of gout in goslings infected with goose astrovirus (GAstV), a recently emergent condition, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the reprogramming of the host genes as a result of GAstV infection by combining analysis of the global transcriptome and metabolic network pathways in the kidneys of goslings infected with GAstV. We showed that as GAstV replication increased in vivo, the regulation of key enzymes in the host metabolism progressively increased, flowing metabolites into the purine/pyrimidine biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, we found that GAstV: 1) inhibits the host oxidation-reduction response by inhibiting the expression of the catalase gene; 2) activates the Toll-like receptor 2 pathway to enhance the immune inflammatory response; and 3) activates the key enzyme in lactic acid synthesis to produce lactate accumulation which inhibits the host's antiviral response, so as to facilitate the replication of the virus itself. This study provided the first insight into the overall metabolic requirements of GAstV for replication in vivo by combining transcriptome with metabolic network pathway information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Shanwei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanwei 516699, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiawen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yunzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qi Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jin Jin
- Shanwei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanwei 516699, China
| | - Xianshe Huang
- Shanwei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanwei 516699, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Minhua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention and Treatment of Guangdong Province, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China; Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Pacini MI, Mazzei M, Sgorbini M, D’Alfonso R, Papini RA. A One-Year Retrospective Analysis of Viral and Parasitological Agents in Wildlife Animals Admitted to a First Aid Hospital. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050931. [PMID: 36899788 PMCID: PMC10000059 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to provide information on the presence and frequency of viral and parasitic agents in wildlife presented to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in 2020-2021. Serum and faecal samples were collected from 50 rescued animals (roe deer, fallow deer, foxes, badgers, pine martens, and porcupines) and examined by serological, molecular, and parasitological techniques. Transtracheal wash (TTW) was also collected post-mortem from roe deer. Overall, the results of the different techniques showed infections with the following viral and parasitic agents: Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Small Ruminant Lentiviruses, Kobuvirus, Astrovirus, Canine Adenovirus 1, Bopivirus, gastrointestinal strongyles, Capillaria, Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Hymenolepis, Strongyloides, Eimeria, Isospora, Dictyocaulus, Angiostrongylus vasorum, Crenosoma, Dirofilaria immitis, Neospora caninum, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium. Sequencing (Tpi locus) identified G. duodenalis sub-assemblages AI and BIV in one roe deer and one porcupine, respectively. Adult lungworms collected from the TTW were identified as Dictyocaulus capreolus (COX1 gene). This is the first molecular identification of G. duodenalis sub-assemblage AI and D. capreolus in roe deer in Italy. These results show a wide presence of pathogens in wild populations and provide an overview of environmental health surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Irene Pacini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Maurizio Mazzei
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Micaela Sgorbini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella D’Alfonso
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Amerigo Papini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Xue F, Wang B, Guo DX, Jiao Y, Yin X, Cui WL, Zhou QQ, Yu FR, Lin YQ. Peptide Biomarkers Discovery for Seven Species of Deer Antler Using LC-MS/MS and Label-Free Approach. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154756. [PMID: 35897939 PMCID: PMC9331363 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deer antler is a globally widely used precious natural medicine and the material of deer horn gelatin. However, identification of deer antler species based on traditional approaches are problematic because of their similarity in appearance and physical-chemical properties. In this study, we performed a comprehensive antler peptidome analysis using a label-free approach: nano LC-Orbitrap MS was applied to discover peptide biomarkers in deer adult beta-globin (HBBA), and HPLC-Triple Quadrupole MS was used to verify their specificity. Nineteen peptide biomarkers were found, on which foundation a strategy for antlers and a strategy for antler mixtures such as flakes or powder are provided to identify seven species of deer antler including Eurasian elk (Alces alces), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus viginianus), white-lipped deer (Przewalskium albirostris), fallow deer (Dama dama), sika deer (Cervus nippon), and red deer (Cervus elaphus) simultaneously. It is worth noting that our search found that the HBBA gene of sika deer, red deer, and North American wapiti (Cervus canadensis) in China may have undergone severe genetic drifts.
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Capozza P, Pratelli A, Camero M, Lanave G, Greco G, Pellegrini F, Tempesta M. Feline Coronavirus and Alpha-Herpesvirus Infections: Innate Immune Response and Immune Escape Mechanisms. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123548. [PMID: 34944324 PMCID: PMC8698202 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Feline coronavirus (FCoV) and feline herpesvirus-1 (FeHV-1) can induce infections that are difficult to prevent and to treat due to the involvement of host genetic factors and immune mechanisms. These two viruses areimportant examples of viral immune evasion of the host’s innate immune response. The innate immune system provides an early form of host protection from infectious diseases without pre-exposure and plays an essential role in determining the outcome of viral infections. The mechanisms that the innate immune system utilizes to counteract infections are based on therecognition of a relatively limited set of molecular structures that are either products of microbes (virus, bacteria, fungi, parasites) or expressed by injured or dead host cells. This review provides a brief overview of the main mechanisms achieved by host’s innate immunity, focusing primarily on the immune escape mechanisms developed and carried out by FCoV and FeHV-1 during infection. Abstract Over time, feline viruses have acquired elaborateopportunistic properties, making their infections particularly difficult to prevent and treat. Feline coronavirus (FCoV) and feline herpesvirus-1 (FeHV-1), due to the involvement of host genetic factors and immune mechanisms in the development of the disease and more severe forms, are important examples of immune evasion of the host’s innate immune response by feline viruses.It is widely accepted that the innate immune system, which providesan initial universal form of the mammalian host protection from infectious diseases without pre-exposure, plays an essential role in determining the outcome of viral infection.The main components of this immune systembranchare represented by the internal sensors of the host cells that are able to perceive the presence of viral component, including nucleic acids, to start and trigger the production of first type interferon and to activate the cytotoxicity by Natural Killercells, often exploited by viruses for immune evasion.In this brief review, we providea general overview of the principal tools of innate immunity, focusing on the immunologic escape implemented byFCoVand FeHV-1 duringinfection.
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Capozza P, Martella V, Lanave G, Catella C, Diakoudi G, Beikpour F, Camero M, Di Martino B, Fusco G, Balestrieri A, Campanile G, Banyai K, Buonavoglia C. An outbreak of neonatal enteritis in buffalo calves associated with astrovirus. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e84. [PMID: 34854267 PMCID: PMC8636656 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enteritis of an infectious origin is a major cause of productivity and economic losses to cattle producers worldwide. Several pathogens are believed to cause or contribute to the development of calf diarrhea. Astroviruses (AstVs) are neglected enteric pathogens in ruminants, but they have recently gained attention because of their possible association with encephalitis in humans and various animal species, including cattle. Objectives This paper describes a large outbreak of neonatal diarrhea in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis), characterized by high mortality, which was associated with an AstV infection. Methods Following an enteritis outbreak characterized by high morbidity (100%) and mortality (46.2%) in a herd of Mediterranean buffaloes (B. bubalis) in Italy, 16 samples from buffalo calves were tested with the molecular tools for common and uncommon enteric pathogens, including AstV, kobuvirus, and torovirus. Results The samples tested negative for common enteric viral agents, including Rotavirus A, coronavirus, calicivirus, pestivirus, kobuvirus, and torovirus, while they tested positive for AstV. Overall, 62.5% (10/16) of the samples were positive in a single round reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for AstV, and 100% (16/16) were positive when nested PCR was performed. The strains identified in the outbreak showed a clonal origin and shared the closest genetic relationship with bovine AstVs (up to 85% amino acid identity in the capsid). Conclusions This report indicates that AstVs should be included in a differential diagnosis of infectious diarrhea in buffalo calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy.
| | - Cristiana Catella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Georgia Diakoudi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Farzad Beikpour
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo 64100, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici 80055, Italy
| | - Anna Balestrieri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici 80055, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Krisztian Banyai
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest 1143, Hungary
| | - Canio Buonavoglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano 70010, Italy
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Abstract
Livestock products supply about 13 percent of energy and 28 percent of protein in diets consumed worldwide. Diarrhea is a leading cause of sickness and death of beef and dairy calves in their first month of life and also affecting adult cattle, resulting in large economic losses and a negative impact on animal welfare. Despite the usual multifactorial origin, viruses are generally involved, being among the most important causes of diarrhea. There are several viruses that have been confirmed as etiological agents (i.e., rotavirus and coronavirus), and some viruses that are not yet confirmed as etiological agents. This review summarizes the viruses that have been detected in the enteric tract of cattle and tries to deepen and gather knowledge about them.
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