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Jiménez-Martín D, Cano-Terriza D, Risalde MA, Napp S, Álvarez J, Fernández-Morente M, Fernández-Molera V, Moreno I, Infantes-Lorenzo JA, García-Bocanegra I. Seroepidemiology of tuberculosis in sheep in southern Spain. Prev Vet Med 2023; 215:105920. [PMID: 37094444 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host infectious disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). In Mediterranean ecosystems, where multiple animal hosts of TB are present, identifying the role of the different species involved in the epidemiology of TB is a key point to be able to implement proper control measures. Sheep are susceptible to MTC infection but have traditionally been considered a spillover host. However, the occurrence of outbreaks involving sheep in recent years evidences the need to better understand the role of this small ruminant species in the epidemiology of the disease. Here, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with MTC seropositivity in sheep in Andalusia (southern Spain), a region with one of the highest prevalence of MTC infection in both cattle and wild ungulates. A total of 2266 sheep from 83 flocks were tested for antibodies against MTC using an in-house indirect ELISA. Anti-MTC antibodies were detected in 16 (0.7%) of the 2266 sheep (adjusted true prevalence 0.29%, 95% posterior probability interval 0.01-1.05). Seropositivity was found in 14.5% (12/83; 95%CI: 6.9-22.0) of the sheep farms analyzed. A semi-extensive management system was identified as a risk factor associated with MTC seropositivity in sheep farms (OR = 3.7; p < 0.038; 95%CI: 1.1-12.4) in the study area. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first active TB surveillance study carried out to assess MTC exposure in sheep. Our results indicate MTC circulation in sheep farms in southern Spain. However, the low individual seroprevalence obtained suggests that sheep may play a limited role in the epidemiology of TB in this region. Serosurveillance programs could be a valuable tool to detect MTC circulation in sheep in risk scenarios or target farms, in order to optimize control measures on TB animal in multi-host Mediterranean ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Jiménez-Martín
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Cano-Terriza
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - María A Risalde
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sebastián Napp
- IRTA, Animal Health Research Centre (CReSA IRTA-UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Julio Álvarez
- Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria VISAVET, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Inmaculada Moreno
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Infantes-Lorenzo
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Bocanegra
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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2
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Padane A, Harouna Hamidou Z, Drancourt M, Saad J. CRISPR-Based Detection, Identification and Typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Lineages. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0271722. [PMID: 36602330 PMCID: PMC9927308 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02717-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) complex (MTC) in clinical samples is a first-line approach by which to diagnose tuberculosis in clinical microbiology laboratories. In this study, the genome-wide profiling of 3,156 mycobacterial genomes using Roary determined the CRISPR-csm4 gene as specific for MTB. Real time (RT)-PCR and the PCR-sequencing of CRISPR-csm4, tested on a collection of 20 MTC and 5 nontuberculous mycobacteria, confirmed the 20 MTC isolates, whereas the 5 nontuberculous isolates were not detected. Further, 65 of the leftover clinical samples, including 25 GeneXpert-positive and 40 GeneXpert-negative samples, that were used to evaluate the CRISPR-csm4-MTB assay in the clinical microbiology laboratory setting yielded expected results in every case, further allowing for the identification of the M. tuberculosis Beijing lineage. RT-PCR and the PCR-sequencing of CRISPR-csm4 could be implanted in the clinical microbiology laboratory to complement the currently used assays, with the potential of increasing the specification of the MTC pathogens responsible for tuberculosis. IMPORTANCE The whole-genome sequence comparison of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) genomic sequences that are available in the NCBI database identified a unique, specific gene to be used directly on clinical diagnostic samples to detect MTC against all species of mycobacteria and to differentiate between MTC species, lineages, and sublineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Padane
- Aix-Marseille-Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Z. Harouna Hamidou
- Aix-Marseille-Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire National de Référence des IST/VIH et de la Tuberculose, Niamey, Niger
| | - M. Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille-Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - J. Saad
- Aix-Marseille-Université, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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3
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Robinne S, Saad J, Morsli M, Hamidou ZH, Tazerart F, Drancourt M, Baron SA. Rapid Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Using Mass Spectrometry: A Proof of Concept. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:753969. [PMID: 35432257 PMCID: PMC9008353 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.753969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteria that form the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are responsible for deadly tuberculosis in animals and patients. Identification of these pathogens at the species level is of primary importance for treatment and source tracing and currently relies on DNA analysis, including whole genome sequencing (WGS), which requires a whole day. In this study, we report the unprecedented discrimination of M. tuberculosis complex species using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), with WGS as the comparative reference standard. In the first step, optimized peptide extraction applied to 36 isolates otherwise identified in five of the 11 M. tuberculosis complex variants by WGS yielded 139 MALDI-TOF spectra, which were used to identify biomarkers of interest that facilitate differentiation between variants. In a second step, 70/80 (88%) other isolates were correctly classified by an algorithm based on specific peaks. This study is the first to report a MALDI-TOF-MS method for discriminating M. tuberculosis complex mycobacteria that is easily implemented in clinical microbiology laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Robinne
- Aix-Marseille-University, IRD, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jamal Saad
- Aix-Marseille-University, IRD, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Madjid Morsli
- Aix-Marseille-University, IRD, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Zelika Harouna Hamidou
- Aix-Marseille-University, IRD, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire National de Référence des IST/VIH et de la Tuberculose, Niamey, Niger
| | - Fatah Tazerart
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Institut des Sciences Vétérinaires, Université de Blida 1, Blida, Algeria
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille-University, IRD, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Alexandra Baron
- Aix-Marseille-University, IRD, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Sophie Alexandra Baron,
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A Review of Infectious Diseases Associated with Religious and Nonreligious Rituals. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2021; 2021:1823957. [PMID: 34912451 PMCID: PMC8668350 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1823957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rituals are an integral part of human life but a wide range of rituals (both religious and non-religious), from self-flagellation to blood brotherhood to ritual sprinkling of holy water, have been associated with transmission of infections. These infections include angiostrongyliasis, anthrax, brucellosis, cholera, COVID-19, cutaneous larva migrans, Ebola, hepatitis viruses, herpes simplex virus, HIV, human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), kuru, Mycobacterium bovis, Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis, orf, rift valley fever, and sporotrichosis. Education and community engagement are important cornerstones in mitigating infectious risks associated with rituals.
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Flores-Soto MN, Salas-Coronas J. [Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a not so uncommon entity]. Semergen 2021; 47:574-575. [PMID: 34266758 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M N Flores-Soto
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Ejido Norte, Centro de Salud Ejido Norte, Distrito Poniente de Almería, El Ejido, España.
| | - J Salas-Coronas
- Unidad de Medicina Tropical, Medicina Interna, Hospital de Poniente, El Ejido, España
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Tazerart F, Saad J, Niar A, Sahraoui N, Drancourt M. Mycobacterium bovis Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Algeria. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:972-974. [PMID: 33622469 PMCID: PMC7920681 DOI: 10.3201/eid2703.191823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed 98 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates collected in 2 regions of Algeria in 2015–2018 from 93 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. We identified 93/98 isolates as M. tuberculosis lineage 4 and 1 isolate as M. tuberculosis lineage 2 (Beijing). We confirmed 4 isolates as M. bovis by whole-genome sequencing.
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