1
|
Sharma G, Kamboj M, Narwal A, Bhardwaj R, Yadav P. Cytotoxic Role of Chlorogenic Acid on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:5773-5781. [PMID: 36742612 PMCID: PMC9895633 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the cytotoxic, anticancerous and antiproliferative activity of CGA on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line (KB) and to evaluate expression level of p21 and p53 in these CGA treated OSCC cell line. Different concentrations of CGA varying from 500 to 2500 µM were tested on OSCC cell line. Trypan blue and MTT assay were performed to establish IC50. DNA fragmentation and expression level of p21 and p53 were evaluated with the help of RT-PCR. CGA exerted antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on OSCC (KB) cell line. Statistically significant results were found regarding effect of different CGA concentrations on KB cell line with IC50 at 1800 µM. No DNA fragmentation was observed. p21 and p53 expression were down regulated after CGA treatment. CGA revealed neither apoptosis nor damage to the nucleus after DNA fragmentation. Antiproliferative role of CGA was hinted by down regulation of p53 and p21 probably through cell cycle arrest at G1-S phase. It was reaffirmed that CGA a natural chemo preventive agent could enhance the treatment modalities with minimal side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gitika Sharma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana India
| | - Mala Kamboj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana India
| | - Anjali Narwal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana India
| | - Rashmi Bhardwaj
- Department of Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Department of Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hoffmann TK. Total Laryngectomy-Still Cutting-Edge? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1405. [PMID: 33808695 PMCID: PMC8003522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical removal of the larynx (total laryngectomy) offers a curative approach to patients with advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal (squamous cell) cancer without distant metastases. Particularly in T4a carcinoma, laryngectomy seems prognostically superior to primary radio(chemo)therapy. Further relevant indications for laryngectomy include massive laryngeal dysfunction associated with aspiration and recurrence after radio(chemo)therapy, resulting in salvage surgery. The surgical procedure including neck dissection is highly standardised and safe. The resulting aphonia can be compensated by functional rehabilitation (e.g., voice prosthesis) associated with a significant quality of life improvement. This article presents an overview of indications, preoperative diagnostics, surgical procedures, including new developments (robotics), possible complications, the choice of adjuvant treatment, alternative therapeutic approaches, rehabilitation and prognosis. In summary, total laryngectomy still represents a relevant surgical procedure in modern head and neck oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Hoffmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, 89070 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kedves A, Tóth Z, Emri M, Fábián K, Sipos D, Freihat O, Tollár J, Cselik Z, Lakosi F, Bajzik G, Repa I, Kovács Á. Predictive Value of Diffusion, Glucose Metabolism Parameters of PET/MR in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Chemoradiotherapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1484. [PMID: 32983984 PMCID: PMC7492555 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of the pretreatment, metabolic, and diffusion parameters of a primary tumor assessed with PET/MR on patient clinical outcomes. Methods: Retrospective evaluation was performed using PET/MR image data sets acquired using the single tracer injection dual imaging of 68 histologically proven head and neck cancer patients 4 weeks before receiving definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). PET/MR was performed before the CRT and 12 weeks after the CRT for response evaluation. Image data (PET and MRI diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI]) was used to specify the maximum standard uptake value, the peak lean body mass corrected, SUVmax, the metabolic tumor volume, the total lesion glycolysis (SUVmax, SULpeak, MTV, and TLG), and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean) of the primary tumor. Based on the results of the therapeutic response evaluation, two patient subgroups were created: one with a viable tumor and another without. Metabolic and diffusion data, from the pretreatment PET/MR and the therapeutic response, were correlated using Spearman's correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon's test. Results: After completing the CRT, a viable residual tumor was detected in 36/68 (53%) cases, and 32/68 (47%) patients showed complete remission. However, no significant correlation was found between the pretreatment parameter, ADCmean (p = 0.88), and the therapeutic success. The PET parameters, SUVmax and SULpeak, MTV, and TLG (p = 0.032, p = 0.01, p < 0.0001, p = 0.0004) were statistically significantly different between the two patient subgroups. Conclusion: This study found that MRI-based (ADCmean) data from FDG PET/MR pretreatment could not be used to predict therapeutic response although the PET parameters SUVmax, SULpeak, MTV, and TLG proved to be more useful; thus, their inclusion in risk stratification may also be of additional value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- András Kedves
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Tóth
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,MEDICOPUS Healthcare Provider and Public Nonprofit Ltd., Somogy County Moritz Kaposi Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Miklós Emri
- Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary.,Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Fábián
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dávid Sipos
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Omar Freihat
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Tollár
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Cselik
- Oncoradiology, Csolnoky Ferenc County Hospital, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Lakosi
- Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bajzik
- Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Imre Repa
- Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Oncoradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leonard CG, Padhye V, Witterick IJ. Management of squamous cell carcinomas of the skull-base. J Neurooncol 2020; 150:377-386. [PMID: 32504403 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to assess the recent evidence regarding the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the skull-base and to discuss the implications of these findings on clinical practice. METHOD Free text Medline and MeSH term search of publications relating to Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Skull-base and Skull base, Neoplasm respectively. Multidisciplinary clinical guidelines were also reviewed. RESULTS The primary search yielded a total of 271 papers which following initial review was reduced to 28. Secondary search yielded 56 papers. There were no randomised controlled trials relating to squamous cell carcinoma of the skull-base and as such this review is based on cohort studies, case series and expert opinion. CONCLUSION Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer occurring in the Head and Neck. Squamous cell carcinoma is also the most common cancer arising within the nose and sinuses of which skull-base squamous cell carcinoma is a rare subgroup. Evidence relating to the management and survival of skull-base SCC is based on expert opinion and. retrospective analyses Clinical examination and biopsy, imaging and a broad multidisciplinary team are key to the management of skull-base SCC. The information gathered should be used to guide informed discussion by suitably trained experts with patients regarding surgical approach, post-operative recovery and adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatments. The standard of care is currently to perform skull base resection with or without additional craniotomy, pedicled or free flap reconstruction in multiple layers and post-operative radiation (usually photons or protons). Open approaches have traditionally been the mainstay, however in certain cases endoscopic approaches can yield equivalent results and offer many advantages. Despite advances in care survival remains poor with a nearly one in five risk of nodal recurrence within two years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin G Leonard
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vikram Padhye
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ian J Witterick
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mody MD, Saba NF. Multimodal Therapy for Sinonasal Malignancies: Updates and Review of Current Treatment. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2020; 21:4. [PMID: 31950286 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-019-0696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Sinonasal malignancies pose a significant challenge in management due to their low incidence, biologic diversity, and significant symptom burden. Even though surgery remains the primary therapeutic modality, a multi-modality approach has been shown to benefit a significant proportion of patients and its success depends largely on stage and histologic type. Non-surgical approaches such as novel radiation approaches as well as intensification with systemic therapy hold promise in altering the organ preservation rate as well as overall survival for patients. Practice changing randomized trials to test these novel modalities are overdue and desperately needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayur D Mody
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. .,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Total laryngectomy provides a curative approach for patients with advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer without distant metastasis. Especially in stage cT4a disease, laryngectomy is superior to primary radio(chemo)therapy in retrospective studies. Further relevant indications for the procedure are tumor-related laryngeal dysfunction such as dysphagia and aspiration, as well as cancer recurrence after primary radio(chemo)therapy. The surgical procedure is highly standardized, with an appropriate safety profile. The subsequent loss of voice must be compensated by voice rehabilitation (voice prosthesis, ructus). The current overview provides information about indications for laryngectomy, preoperative clinical diagnostics, the surgical procedure, complications, alternative treatment, rehabilitation, and prognosis. Total laryngectomy remains a standard procedure in modern head and neck oncology.
Collapse
|
7
|
Byrne K, Hallworth P, Monfared AAT, Moshyk A, Shaw JW. Real-world systemic therapy treatment patterns for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:e167-e174. [PMID: 31043823 DOI: 10.3747/co.26.3946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background In the present study, we examined real-world treatment patterns for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (scchn) in Canada, which are largely unknown. Methods Oncologists across Canada provided data for disease history, characteristics, and treatment patterns during May-July 2016 for 6-8 consecutive patients receiving first-line or second-line drug treatment for scchn (including locally advanced and recurrent or metastatic disease). Results Information from 16 physicians for 109 patients receiving drug treatment for scchn was provided; 1 patient was excluded from the treatment-pattern analysis. Median age in the cohort was 63 years [interquartile range (iqr): 57-68 years], and 24% were current smokers, with a mean exposure of 26.2 ± 12.7 pack-years. The most common tumour site was the oropharynx (48%). Most patients (84%) received platinum-based regimens as first-line treatment (44% received cisplatin monotherapy). Use of cetuximab-based regimens as first-line treatment was limited (17%). Of 53 patients receiving second-line treatment, 87% received a first-line platinum-based regimen. Median time between first-line treatment with a platinum-based regimen and initiation of second-line treatment was 55 days (iqr: 20-146 days). The most common second-line regimen was cetuximab monotherapy (43%); platinum-based regimens were markedly infrequent (13%). Conclusions Our analysis provides real-world insight into scchn clinical practice patterns in Canada, which could inform reimbursement decision-making. High use of platinum-based regimens in first-line drug treatment was generally reflective of treatment guidelines; cetuximab use in the second-line was higher than anticipated. Additional real-world studies are needed to understand the effect of novel therapies such as immuno-oncology agents on clinical practice and outcomes, particularly for recurrent or metastatic scchn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Byrne
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, Cheshire, U.K
| | - P Hallworth
- Adelphi Real World, Bollington, Cheshire, U.K
| | - A Abbas Tahami Monfared
- Market Access and Public Affairs, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Montreal, QC.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | - A Moshyk
- Market Access and Public Affairs, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Montreal, QC
| | - J W Shaw
- Worldwide Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang HJ, Yuan GL, Liang QL, Peng XX, Cheng SA, Jiang L. Addition of bevacizumab to systemic therapy for locally advanced and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7799-7805. [PMID: 29740494 PMCID: PMC5934720 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a vital treatment option for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Concurrent cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy had acquired good clinical effects with good local control rates. However, a number of patients present with metastasis following systemic regimens or initial diagnosis of locally advanced NPC, which cause difficulty for subsequent therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to discover novel targeted therapies. The present report describes one case of a patient with NPC and multiple metastases. The patient was treated with systemic therapy in combination with bevacizumab, palliative radiotherapy and chemotherapy following treatment with cetuximab and concurrent chemoradiotherapy in 2015. Following the addition of bevacizumab, metastases were reduced or disappeared after >2 months, and the duration of progression-free survival was 7 months. Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets VEGF, and it is associated with angiogenesis, which causes the growth, invasion and progression of tumors. In previous studies, bevacizumab has been approved for the treatment of several types of malignant cancer and it has been able to effectively improve prognosis. In the present review, the effect of adding bevacizumab to systemic therapy for the treatment of NPC was analyzed, with a particular focus on advanced and metastatic diseases. A growing number of phase I/II clinical trials involving bevacizumab for NPC have been conducted with clinical outcomes showing improved rates of overall survival and progression-free survival as well as improvements in the quality of life of patients. However, severe or deadly toxicities can also result from combination treatment with bevacizumab. In the future, bevacizumab may become a common addition to systemic therapy for the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jie Zhang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Gao-Le Yuan
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Lian Liang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Peng
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Ang Cheng
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dong H, Su H, Chen L, Liu K, Hu HM, Yang W, Mou Y. Immunocompetence and mechanism of the DRibble-DCs vaccine for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:493-501. [PMID: 29588618 PMCID: PMC5858817 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s155914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the high-quality immunogenicity of tumor-derived autophagosomes (DRibbles), we aimed to explore the antitumor ability and mechanism of DRibble-loaded dendritic cells (DRibble-DCs). Materials and methods DRibbles extracted from the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCC7 express specific LC3-II and ubiquitination marker. Immunization of mice with the DRibble-DCs vaccine led to the proliferation and differentiation of CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+ and CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells. The expression of proteins in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathways was determined by Western blotting. Additionally, the functional properties of the DRibble-DCs were examined in mice, and regulatory T cells were measured by flow cytometry. Results Excellent biocompatibility was observed in vitro when DCs were loaded with DRibbles. T cells of lymph nodes and spleens from mice immunized with DRibble-DCs had cytotoxic effects on SCC7 cells. DCs homeostasis and ERS-related proteins were affected by DRibbles. Moreover, the DRibble-DCs vaccine achieved significantly better antitumor efficacy than DRibbles and tumor cell lysate-loaded DCs. Conclusion The results validated the antitumor immune responses to the DRibble-DCs vaccine in vivo and in vitro. The ERS pathway can be affected by DRibbles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Dong
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ming Hu
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Weidong Yang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Robert W Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perri F, Addeo R, Conson M, Faiella A, Scarpati GDV, Torre G, Di Biase A, Romanelli P, Buonerba C, Di Lorenzo G, Daponte A, Caponigro F, Pisconti S, Pacelli R, Ravo V, Muto P, Solla R. Locally advanced paranasal sinus carcinoma: A study of 30 patients. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1338-1342. [PMID: 28454258 PMCID: PMC5403341 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal carcinomas (SNcs) are rare neoplasms arising from the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. Although these tumours have a heterogeneous histology, they are commonly diagnosed as a locally advanced disease and are associated with a poor prognosis. The present retrospective study reviewed 30 patients with locally advanced SNc, who were treated with surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy, or radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy between January 1999 and January 2013 at the Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Naples 'Federico II' (Naples, Italy). A total of 19 patients were treated with upfront surgery followed by adjuvant radio- or chemoradiotherapy (group A), while the remaining 11 patients received exclusive radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy (group B). Concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy (100 mg/m2, days 1, 22 and 43 for 3 cycles) was administered to 34% of patients in group A and 55% of patients in group B. At a median follow-up of 31 months, 33.3% of patients were alive. Cause-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) times were 32 and 12 months, respectively. No difference in CSS rate was observed between the two treatment groups. Univariate analysis determined that disease stage was the only factor that significantly affected CSS (P=0.002) and PFS (P=0.0001) rates. Acute and chronic toxicities were mild, with only 23.3% of patients reporting G1-2 side effects and no treatment-related blindness. The present study reported moderate activity and efficacy of surgery followed by adjuvant radio- or chemoradiotherapy, and exclusive radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in this poor prognosis category of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Perri
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘Santissima Annunziata’ Hospital, I-74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - Raffaele Addeo
- Oncology Unit, ‘ASL Napoli 2 Nord’, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Manuel Conson
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Faiella
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Torre
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Di Biase
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Romanelli
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- Oncological Referral Center of Basilicata, The Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Rionero in Vulture, I-85028 Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Daponte
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Unit, National Tumour Institute of Naples, The Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care ‘Fondazione Giovanni Pascale’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Caponigro
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Unit, National Tumour Institute of Naples, The Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care ‘Fondazione Giovanni Pascale’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pisconti
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘Santissima Annunziata’ Hospital, I-74100 Taranto, Italy
| | - Roberto Pacelli
- Oncology Unit, ‘ASL Napoli 2 Nord’, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, I-80027 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ravo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Foundation Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care ‘Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Muto
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Foundation Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care ‘Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori’, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Solla
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Council of Research, I-80128 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Circulating microRNAs as prognostic therapy biomarkers in head and neck cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:76-82. [PMID: 26057452 PMCID: PMC4647540 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prediction of therapy response in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) requires biomarkers, which are also a prerequisite for personalised therapy concepts. The current study aimed to identify therapy-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs) in the circulation that can serve as minimally invasive prognostic markers for HNSCC patients undergoing radiotherapy. METHODS We screened plasma miRNAs in a discovery cohort of HNSCC patients before therapy and after treatment. We further compared the plasma miRNAs of the patients to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All miRNAs identified as biomarker candidates were then confirmed in an independent validation cohort of HNSCC patients and tested for correlation with the clinical outcome. RESULTS We identified a signature of eight plasma miRNAs that differentiated significantly (P=0.003) between HNSCC patients and healthy donors. MiR-186-5p demonstrated the highest sensitivity and specificity to classify HNSCC patients and healthy individuals. All therapy-responsive and patient-specific miRNAs in plasma were also detectable in tumour tissues derived from the same patients. High expression of miR-142-3p, miR-186-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-374b-5p and miR-574-3p in the plasma correlated with worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Circulating miR-142-3p, miR-186-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-374b-5p and miR-574-3p represent the most promising markers for prognosis and therapy monitoring in the plasma of HNSCC patients. We found strong evidence that the circulating therapy-responsive miRNAs are tumour related and were able to validate them in an independent cohort of HNSCC patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Willers H, Gheorghiu L, Liu Q, Efstathiou JA, Wirth LJ, Krause M, von Neubeck C. DNA Damage Response Assessments in Human Tumor Samples Provide Functional Biomarkers of Radiosensitivity. Semin Radiat Oncol 2015; 25:237-50. [PMID: 26384272 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Predictive biomarkers are urgently needed for individualization of radiation therapy and treatment with radiosensitizing anticancer agents. Genomic profiling of human cancers provides us with unprecedented insight into the mutational landscape of genes directly or indirectly involved in the response to radiation-induced DNA damage. However, to what extent this wealth of structural information about the cancer genome produces biomarkers of sensitivity to radiation remains to be seen. Investigators are increasingly studying the subnuclear accumulation (ie, foci) of proteins in the DNA damage response (DDR), such as gamma-H2AX, 53BP1, or RAD51, as a surrogate of treatment sensitivity. Recent findings from preclinical studies have demonstrated the predictive potential of DDR foci by correlating foci with clinically relevant end points such as tumor control probability. Therefore, preclinical investigations of DDR foci responses are increasingly moving into cells and tissues from patients, which is the major focus of this review. The advantage of using DDR foci as functional biomarkers is that they can detect alterations in DNA repair due to various mechanisms. Moreover, they provide a global measurement of DDR network function without needing to know the identities of all the components, many of which remain unknown. Foci assays are thus expected to yield functional insight that may complement or supersede genomic information, thereby giving radiation oncologists unique opportunities to individualize cancer treatments in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henning Willers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - Liliana Gheorghiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jason A Efstathiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Lori J Wirth
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology, Germany
| | - Cläre von Neubeck
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guerrero-Preston R, Ogawa T, Uemura M, Shumulinsky G, Valle BL, Pirini F, Ravi R, Sidransky D, Keidar M, Trink B. Cold atmospheric plasma treatment selectively targets head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:941-6. [PMID: 25050490 PMCID: PMC4152136 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of locoregional recurrence (LRR) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often requires a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Survival outcomes are poor and the treatment outcomes are morbid. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an ionized gas produced at room temperature under laboratory conditions. We have previously demonstrated that treatment with a CAP jet device selectively targets cancer cells using in vitro melanoma and in vivo bladder cancer models. In the present study, we wished to examine CAP selectivity in HNSCC in vitro models, and to explore its potential for use as a minimally invasive surgical approach that allows for specific cancer cell or tumor tissue ablation without affecting the surrounding healthy cells and tissues. Four HNSCC cell lines (JHU-022, JHU-028, JHU-029, SCC25) and 2 normal oral cavity epithelial cell lines (OKF6 and NOKsi) were subjected to cold plasma treatment for durations of 10, 30 and 45 sec, and a helium flow of 20 l/min-1 for 10 sec was used as a positive treatment control. We showed that cold plasma selectively diminished HNSCC cell viability in a dose-response manner, as evidenced by MTT assays; the viability of the OKF6 cells was not affected by the cold plasma. The results of colony formation assays also revealed a cell-specific response to cold plasma application. Western blot analysis did not provide evidence that the cleavage of PARP occurred following cold plasma treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that cold plasma application selectively impairs HNSCC cell lines through non-apoptotic mechanisms, while having a minimal effect on normal oral cavity epithelial cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Guerrero-Preston
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Takenori Ogawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gary Shumulinsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Blanca L Valle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francesca Pirini
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rajani Ravi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Keidar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Barry Trink
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Minicucci EM, da Silva GN, Salvadori DMF. Relationship between head and neck cancer therapy and some genetic endpoints. World J Clin Oncol 2014; 5:93-102. [PMID: 24829856 PMCID: PMC4014801 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common human malignancy worldwide. The main forms of treatment for HNC are surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT). However, the choice of therapy depends on the tumor staging and approaches, which are aimed at organ preservation. Because of systemic RT and CT genotoxicity, one of the important side effects is a secondary cancer that can result from the activity of radiation and antineoplastic drugs on healthy cells. Ionizing radiation can affect the DNA, causing single and double-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinks and oxidative damage. The severity of radiotoxicity can be directly associated with the radiation dosimetry and the dose-volume differences. Regarding CT, cisplatin is still the standard protocol for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, the most common cancer located in the oral cavity. However, simultaneous treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin and 5-fluorouracil or treatment with paclitaxel and cisplatin are also used. These drugs can interact with the DNA, causing DNA crosslinks, double and single-strand breaks and changes in gene expression. Currently, the late effects of therapy have become a recurring problem, mainly due to the increased survival of HNC patients. Herein, we present an update of the systemic activity of RT and CT for HNC, with a focus on their toxicogenetic and toxicogenomic effects.
Collapse
|
15
|
Upreti D, Pathak A, Kung SKP. Lentiviral vector-based therapy in head and neck cancer (Review). Oncol Lett 2013; 7:3-9. [PMID: 24348811 PMCID: PMC3861563 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common neoplasm worldwide. Despite advances in multimodality treatments involving surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the five-year survival rate has remained at ~50% for the past 35 years. Therefore, the early detection of recurrent or persistent disease is extremely important. Replication-incompetent HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors have emerged as powerful and safe tools for gene delivery. Commonly, HNSCC is a locoregional disease that presents at or close to the body surface. Thus, HNSCC is amendable to intratumoral injections of gene therapy vectors aimed at correcting defects associated with tumor suppressor genes to induce the direct cytotoxicity of cancer cells or immune modulation to promote antitumor immunity. Current investigations analyzing HNSCC gene mutations and stem cell markers and the cancer immunoediting concept are creating exciting therapeutic opportunities for lentiviral and other gene transfer vectors. The present review reports specific examples of the current applications of lentiviral vectors in HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Upreti
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Alok Pathak
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Sam K P Kung
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|